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Code switching is a phenomenon that has increasingly attracted more and more attention from the linguistic community. As of last forty years, it is no more deemed as a deficiency in speech, but rather as a separate area of research. However, to obtain data for further examination that would not be manipulated by priming the subjects is quite complicated and poses a challenge in creating a corpus that could be used by researchers. This paper offers examples of code switching that were produced in a second language classroom in a large public university in southwestern United States. Three levels of class, from beginner up until intermediate level, were observed and recorded. Each of the instructors--a native speaker of Spanish, a native speaker of English and an early balanced bilingual--offered their insights into the use and perceptions of code switching practice in the classroom. This observation provided a framework of reference to better understand the process that takes place in a bilingual environment of a second language classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to analyse the use of the first person plural, second person and third person references in Obama's and Bush's victory speeches. The contrasting circumstances surrounding the election of both presidents were imprinted on discourse through different patterns of personal references (Martin,1992) and transitivity structures (Halliday,2004[1985]). By analysing them this paper will illustrate the social function of individuals in the speeches, as well as the way in which the systematic use of both linguistic devices contributed ultimately to define the role of the speakers as presidents of the United States. Whereas Obama's victory speech centred on the audience and allowed them to feel protagonists, Bush's anti-triumphant speech ignored them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]