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Introduction/framework/objectives There are oncological pathologies in which it is possible that some occupational exposures can modulate their appearance. The aim of this review was to sumarize, in a succinct and practical way, the most relevant and recent published data on the subject, in the international literature, in relation to Esophageal Cancer. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in January 2022, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Occupational risk factors associated are asbestos, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, acetaldehyde, nitrosamines and some dry cleaning solvents. However, occupational studies are reasonably scarce. Several entities have classified asbestos as carcinogens in relation to the lung and pleura; however, in relation to the esophagus, the evidence is less intense. Still, some estimate that asbestos increases the risk by 2.38 times, even though the relationship between asbestos occupational exposure is not fully understood. They are classified as belonging to group 1 (human carcinogens). After inhalation, not all of the fibers are eliminated by macrophages; the accumulation of these potentiates the production of free radicals, causing eventual alterations in the DNA. If the fibers are removed quickly, there is no toxicity; therefore, their deposition and clearance will influence the oncological potential. The initial response is provided by macrophages, which in turn cause inflammation and tissue damage. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzopyrene, arise from the combustion of organic matter; are likely carcinogens and mutagens in humans. At the Occupational level, there are found in foundries, chimney sweeps, ovens, catering and incinerators; in this context, the main routes of entry are inhalation and cutaneous. Some genetic polymorphisms influence the damage. Discussion and Conclusions There are some sectors/tasks/agents associated with Esophageal Cancer, with greater or lesser consensus in the international literature. All Occupational Health and Safety professionals working in these areas and all workers involved must be aware (at least briefly) of the associated conditions, in order to mitigate the risk. It would be interesting to assess their knowledge on this topic and understand, among the most relevant sectors at the national level, which concrete protection measures (collective and individual) are taken and what their respective effectiveness appears to be. KEYWORDS: esophageal cancer, safety at work, occupational health and occupational medicine.

Introduction / framework / objectives Consulting magazines/articles, occasionally there are references to the relevance of the worker's characteristics in the context of Occupational Health (performance, productivity, adherence to good practice standards). However, the term “Human Factors” is not implicitly defined for all individuals working in Occupational Health teams. The purpose of this article is to summarize the most relevant data written on the subject. Methodology This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a research carried out in June 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents Human Factor (FH) is a reasonably recent expression, but progressively more used, which encompasses all employee characteristics (physical/biological, cognitive, social and emotional) that somehow modulate performance/ productivity, perception of risk, posture, as well as compliance/adherence to Good Practice standards. In other words, the habits, behaviors and personalities of each worker can positively or negatively influence the work (sometimes significantly) and it is generally considered that habits and/ or behaviors are more easily changeable than personality. Discussion and Conclusions Although the topic is relevant, there is not much quality bibliography. An employer that makes its management valuing the Human Factors, will have an enhanced Occupational Health. It would be interesting if elements that exercised in the Occupational Health teams in a national context were able to clarify to what extent the Human Factors of each employer take these principles into account. Keywords: human factor, occupational health and occupational medicine

RESUMO Introdução/enquadramento/objetivos A Capacidade de Trabalho poderá ser definida na medida em que um funcionário consegue no presente, e eventualmente no futuro, executar as suas tarefas, em função do seu estado de saúde e das capacidades física e mental. As empresas serão mais competitivas se possuírem trabalhadores mais saudáveis. Quanto melhor se conhecerem as variáveis intervenientes na Capacidade de Trabalho, melhor será gerida a Saúde Ocupacional. Metodologia Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em agosto de 2021 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”. Conteúdo Funcionários com Excesso de Peso ou Obesidade, em média, ausentam-se do trabalho mais dias por ano. Absentismos mais prolongados associam-se a maior taxa de Desemprego, em função das patologias inerentes (músculo-esqueléticas, cardiovasculares e emocionais). Contudo, deve-se realçar que as normas variam entre países e sistemas, pelo que quando a ausência ao trabalho por doença não é remunerada, esta tende a ser mais breve do que quando é, sobretudo se a 100%. Em trabalhadoras com mais idade, a Obesidade duplica o risco de perda de emprego. As alterações na Capacidade de Trabalho poderão ser justificadas pela menor aptidão cardiovascular, pior resposta às exigências físicas e devido às comorbilidades associadas. Esta pode ser mais prevalente nos estratos socioeconómicos mais baixos e, nestes, também costuma ser mais frequente o trabalho físico, pior remunerado e com menos apoio à ausência por incapacidade. A Obesidade e uma elevada Carga de trabalho associam-se a menor Capacidade de Trabalho, eventualmente de forma sinérgica, através de questões músculo-esqueléticas, cardiovasculares e/ou alterações na função/sintomas pulmonares, na medida em que aumenta a pressão intra-abdominal. Ou seja, indivíduos com Índice de Massa Corporal superior a 30 apresentam sintomas respiratórios com seis vezes maior probabilidade. Discussão e Conclusões Ainda que a bibliografia sobre o tema não seja abundante, parte da que se encontrou é razoavelmente consensual relativa à interação negativa entre o Excesso de Peso/Obesidade e a Capacidade de Trabalho; logo, qualquer medida que beneficie a primeira situação, também o fará para a segunda, com realce para o Exercício e a restrição calórica. Contudo, o assunto por vezes não é devidamente valorizado pelos trabalhadores ou uma parte destes nem sequer está recetiva a abordar o assunto, ficando até agressiva quando um profissional de saúde tenta fazer esse trajeto.

Introduction / background / objectives Work-related Musculoskeletal Injuries are prevalent and relevant. There are several methods for detecting risk, depending on the tasks performed. However, not all professionals working in the Occupational Health teams have well-structured knowledge or practical experience in most of these methods. Methodology It is a Review, initiated through a survey conducted in April 2020, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP ”. Content There are several categories of methods for assessing the risk of Musculoskeletal Lesions Related to Work. For that we have, in a very synthetic way, the self-assessment questionnaires (completed by the workers), the observational methods (more or less complex) and the direct methods. This work describes in detail OWAS, RULA, REBA, NIOSH Equation and Strain Index. Conclusions Articles are easily found in indexed databases that mention that they used them, but due to the limitations imposed by most journals in view of the size of the document, almost all authors only mention the name of the method they used and, at most, make a description very synthetic of it. In turn, in some Master’s or Doctoral Theses (where this problem does not exist), a more detailed methodological description can be found, but even so, it is not always possible to understand in practice how to use all methods or we find discreetly different versions, result of adaptations or a mixture of methods, carried out over the decades. Any professional on an Occupational Health Team will have a reasonable sense of what are the most damaging tasks; however, presenting this evidence, attenuating subjectivity and making use of the hierarchy that mathematical scales can offer, makes evaluations more scientific, rigorous and easier to be accepted as valid by the Employer/ Representatives/ Workers and, consequently, increase the receptivity to proposed measures to mitigate/ correct the problem and reassess it after this phase. It would be desirable for all professionals in the field to have at least a generic idea of ​​the existing methods and to know where they can go to obtain more information, in order to execute these techniques, if necessary.

Introduction / background / objectives The Tattoo sector is still little addressed in the context of Occupational Health. There are many documents about Risk for tattooed clients, but the information is scarce in relation to the Tattooist. The bibliography found in this sense is not exhaustive, it just gives a general idea of ​​some Labor Risks, with no quantitative assessment, much less hierarchical. Methodology After conducting a Review related to Risk Assessment methods and after the elaboration of a Risk Letter from a Tattoo studio, three methods were selected: MARAT (Methodology for Assessment of Risks and Accidents at Work) , William Fine (WF) and MIAR (Integrated Method for Risk Assessment), due to the ease of access to information on how to use them, suitability for the sector and facility; these were applied to 68 risk factors included in the highlighted work tasks. Content The main tasks considered in the Tattoo workstations observed were: making the drawing on paper or on the skin; or select the design to put on the skin, from the computer; insert the design on decal sheets; shave the skin; disinfect/ sterilize the skin; transfer the design of the decal sheet to the skin; prepare the workbench with the necessary utensils and products; paint the skin using the tattoo machine; wipe off uninjected and excess ink from the skin; placing various chemicals on the skin during the tattoo (variable among professionals); help the client in case of lipothymia or syncope (if necessary); as well as cleaning/ disinfecting/ sterilizing surfaces and work instruments. Conclusions Although the three methods value different aspects, it was very interesting to verify the homogeneity of the results, that is, the MARAT technique marked eight items as belonging to the category of highest risk; the WF methodology and MIAR highlighted seven and nine, respectively. Among the three methods, there were six risk factors that were included in the highest risk category, namely the eventual contact with chemical agents, sharp objects and blood potentially contaminated with relevant microorganisms during the act of inserting pigment in the skin, as well as during the cleaning of the skin (of the excess pigment, between injections). Only the MIAR method indicated two items that the other techniques did not include in this category (namely the eventual contact with blood during the cleaning/ disinfection/ sterilization of work surfaces and work instruments), which the MARAT and William Fine technicians both placed in the second and third category, respectively. The method that most valued the worker’s risk factors in general was MIAR (nine items in the highest risk category and thirty-seven in the lowest risk category), the opposite being William Fine (seven items in the risk category) highest and forty-six in the lowest risk).

Introduction/ background/ objectives Given that the Tattoo sector is still poorly studied in the context of Occupational Health, the aim of this work was to briefly assess the sector’s Ergonomic Risk, special because in complex and/ or extensive/ time-consuming Tattoos, the professional may need to perform his work with forced/ maintained postures and repetitive movements, for prolonged periods and, in some cases, protection measures are not always properly developed. Methodology After listing the main generic tasks in the Tattoo sector, two methods for summary ergonomic analysis were applied: OWAS (Ovaco Working Analysis System) and REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment). Content Due to the OWAS method, it was found that the initial tasks (drawing the pattern on paper or looking for the pattern on the computer and transferring it to decal sheets) obtained the lowest levels of risk (that is, 1); all other tasks considered reached Action Level 2, except for the possibility of the Tattooist having to help the client in the case of syncope/ lipothymia and, in view of the posture/ load bearing, obtained a rating of 4. However, when weighted with the time that each task usually occupies in percentage, in relation to the work shift, the situation has changed, that is, that Action Level 4 disappeared because the Tattoo Artist would be able to put himself and the client, in a few seconds or, at most, a few minutes, in a less forced posture and without load support. In addition, about half of Action Levels 2 went to 1, remaining in that stages the tasks of drawing the pattern to tattoo directly on the skin, injecting pigment into the skin, cleaning the excess pigment and applying other chemical agents to the skin remaining at the first value, as well as the cleaning/ disinfection / sterilization of work surfaces and work tools (also including their accommodation). In turn, the REBA methodology gave rise to different results. None of the tasks considered had Action Level 0 and only one had the highest level, that is, 4 (helping the client in case of lipothymia/ syncope). At Action Level 2, the tasks considered were shave, disinfect/ sterilize the skin, transfer the decal sheet, put chemical agents on the skin during the tattoo and clean/ disinfect/ sterilize work surfaces. On the other hand, at Action Level 3, there remains the alternative task of drawing the pattern that will be tattooed directly on the skin, inserting the designs on the decal sheets, preparing the workbench/ work tray, injecting the pigment into the skin, cleaning the skin of the excess pigment and clean/ disinfect/ sterilize/ accommodate the work instruments. Conclusions It was noticed that the OWAS methodology was able to better value the risk, considering the time that this task occupies, when compared to the REBA technique. Overall, the different results would eventually be attenuated if these major tasks were subdivided into subtasks, considering movement by movement; however, this would greatly increase the complexity of these ergonomic assessments, even in low-diversified jobs and with relatively few major tasks. In addition, another condition may have significantly biased the results- or the investigator assess with rigor only and exactly a single moment (running the risk of biasing whether the professional has positioned himself correctly or not and not considering the risk that other postures would bring the same task, in other moments of the Tattoo and/ or even with other Tattoo Artists) or, to try to guard against such, consider the most serious possibility for each task. As the objective was to portray the Tattoo sector globally (and not one or the other studio in particular), it was decided to cover all situations and, being several possible, always considered the most serious. In addition, even though these methods allow some subjectivity to be mitigated in the risk assessment, it cannot be eliminated. In situations of doubt between two hypotheses of the scale, it will be possible for a less experienced evaluator at one time to choose one and, in another equivalent task, choose the other or until this happens by repeating the evaluation of exactly the same task, at different times. Even so, these methods and constitute a valuable aid in the Occupational Health Risk Assessment.

Introduction / Objectives Risk perception is very variable among workers and employers- this influences all the behaviors related to the valorization and adoption of measures that promote Occupational Health and Safety. The purpose of this review was to summarize the main data associated with this topic, in order to provide the professionals of this sector with tools more adequate and effective for the achievement of their objectives, since the identification of risk factors/ occupational hazards does not appear to be sufficient in all cases. Methodology It is a Review, initiated through a research carried out in June of 2019 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive , MedicLatina, Academic Search Ultimate, Science Direct, Web of Science, SCOPUS and RCAAP. Content In Psychometric Theory it is mentioned that the Risk Perception depends on several psychological, social and institutional questions and it is quantified; the evaluation of each individual should not be considered an error. In Cultural Theory it is emphasized that the elements fear different circumstances and assimilate the dangers according to the cultural influence. In fact, it is emphasized here that the identification of Risks is a way of preserving societies and groups; however, this may underestimate individual aspects in the perception of risk. The Theory of Rewards, in turn, argues that the worker feels less threatened by a Risk Factor that involves some kind of reward. The concept of locus of control comes from the theory of Social Learning; this will be internal when the individual considers that it is up to him to the orientation/ resolution of a problem; in turn, will be external when it considers that nothing depends on him, but on other factors (such as luck, destiny, god, specialized professionals). Workers with internal locus of control generally consider that Risk results as a consequence of their attitudes. However, it is also described that if this is intense, the employee may have an unrealistic optimism and a sense of being invulnerable. The others (external locus) are generally more pessimistic, aggressive and distrustful, believing that it is not worth struggling because they have no control over Risks. Finally, in the perspective of Systems Theory, the Organization is considered to be an open system that interacts with the environment, self-regulates and can achieve the same goal through different manners and resources. Discussion/ Conclusions Most of the selected papers reported general data regarding Risk Perception or studied specific professional sectors, although sometimes with small samples, in a context of statistical significance. In addition, opposite conclusions have been recorded, although, because of the complexity of the variables involved, both can make sense. The documents published on the subject do not contain news that have not been intuited by professionals in Occupational Health teams. However, this research allowed us to verify that these empirical notions fit into pre-developed theories, in the areas of Psychology and Sociology, but with many more variables than we initially thought. Increased Risk Perception enhances the valorization and receptiveness to Occupational Health and Safety issues. However, while Risk Assessment is based on scientific methodology; Risk Perception is based on experience, values, beliefs, personality, locus of control, culture and climate of safety and group influence, for example. If the Occupational Health professionals are more attentive and skilled in these issues, their performance will be enhanced.

Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos O setor da Dança está pouco retratado em contexto de Saúde Ocupacional e a bibliografia é razoavelmente escassa. Neste setor o profissional pode apenas efetuar ensaios e atuações (a solo ou em equipa), pode dar aulas para eventuais futuros colegas e/ ou para leigos ou acumular ambas as vertentes. Metodologia Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em agosto de 2020 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”. Conteúdo A dança é uma arte complexa, cujo instrumento é o corpo. Conjuga movimento com a emoção, servindo também como forma de comunicação. Em alguns estilos de dança a rotina de treinos é muito exigente e competitiva, de forma a aperfeiçoar departamentos como força, resistência, velocidade, flexibilidade, equilíbrio e controlo. Aos treinos intensos, por vezes, associam-se algias e lesões concretas. Por exemplo, no Ballet clássico, a exigência técnica é muito elevada e desafiante e, na bibliografia selecionada, é certamente a dança mais estudada neste contexto. A escassa bibliografia encontrada incide sobretudo nas principais lesões associadas (quer acidentes de trabalho, quer doenças profissionais); sendo que alguns artigos também destacam o eventual consumo de substâncias psicoativas em algumas modalidades específicas. Discussão e Conclusões Os autores elaboraram uma descrição dos principais Fatores de Risco/ Riscos Laborais deste setor, no geral; bem como listaram as Medidas de Proteção (coletivas e individuais) que consideram ser mais adequadas. O setor da dança está muito pouco estudado pela Saúde Ocupacional, sendo pertinente a análise da realidade portuguesa, sobretudo em alguns estilos muito desenvolvidos no nosso país e sobre os quais não se encontrou qualquer bibliografia específica (mesmo em contexto internacional)., Introduction/ background/ objectives The Dance sector is rarely portrayed in the context of Occupational Health and the bibliography is reasonably scarce. In this sector the professional can only perform rehearsals and performances (solo or in a team), can teach classes to future colleagues and/ or community, or accumulate both. Methodology This is a bibliographic review, applied through a research carried out in August 2020, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of systematic reviews, record of the Cochrane methodology, collection of nursing and allied health: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP ”. Content Dance is a complex art, with the body as instrument. It combines movement with emotion, also serving as a form of communication. In some dance styles the training routine is very demanding and competitive, in order to improve departments such as strength, endurance, speed, flexibility, balance and motor control. Intense training is sometimes associated with pain and specific injuries. For example, in classical Ballet, the demand is very high and challenging and, in the bibliography, it is certainly the most studied dance in this context. The scarce bibliography found focuses mainly on the main associated lesions (either work accidents or occupational diseases); some articles also highlight the possible consumption of psychoactive substances in specific contexts. Discussion and Conclusions The authors prepared a description of the main Risk Factors/ Occupational Risks in this sector, in general; as well as listed as Protection Measures (collective and individual). The dance sector is very little studied by Occupational Health, being relevant the analysis of the Portuguese reality, especially in some styles very developed in our country and about which no specific bibliography was found (even in an international level).

Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos A possibilidade de realizar trabalho em casa remonta há vários séculos; contudo, o desenvolvimento tecnológico permitiu a criação de novos postos de trabalho nele alicerçados e eventualmente totalmente executados fora das instalações do empregador. Para além disso, a situação de Pandemia associada ao SARS-COV-2 (vulgo COVID-19) incentivou muitas instituições a iniciar ou intensificar o Teletrabalho. Pretendeu-se com esta revisão resumir o que de mais relevante se descreveu sobre o tema, em contexto de Saúde Laboral. Metodologia Trata-se de uma Revisão bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2020, nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Data base of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, SCOPUS e RCAAP”. Conteúdo O Teletrabalho consiste em trabalhar em casa ou, pelo menos, fora das instalações convencionais do empregador, mas em local previamente estipulado e aprovado, usando tecnologia. Nesta revisão foram resumidos dados relativos à evolução histórica do trabalho, realçando as diversas Revoluções Industriais. Foram também incluídas algumas estatísticas nacionais e sobretudo internacionais em contexto de Teletrabalho. De forma sucinta também se descrevem os principais subtipos de Teletrabalho e quais as caraterísticas desejáveis em teletrabalhores e telegerentes. Por fim, realçam-se as principais vantagens e desvantagens deste regime laboral, mencionadas na bibliografia consultada. Conclusões De forma generalista, a perceção das vantagens e desvantagens depende das caraterísticas do funcionário (como personalidade, flexibilidade, autonomia, competência, necessidade de socialização, postura e empenho perante o trabalho); caraterísticas do empregador (gestão, maleabilidade, valorização dos recursos humanos, meios e procedimentos); tarefas em si (facilidade ou não de serem teletrabalhadas); caraterísticas da família (número de elementos, idade dos filhos e qualidade relacional); domicílio (tamanho, iluminação, mobiliário, equipamentos, área reservada ou não para o Teletrabalho); transito, poluição e segurança urbana; bem como consequências para a relação com a empresa, trabalho e vida pessoal (família e sociedade); ou seja, um mesmo aspeto tanto pode ser considerado uma vantagem, como uma desvantagem, em função do contexto global. Para além disso, na realidade, o Teletrabalho tem tanta diversidade de condições e caraterísticas, que conclusões consensuais não são possíveis. É necessário que cada instituição analise as vantagens e desvantagens de inserir o Teletrabalho e, caso decida avançar, tenha uma noção de quais são os fatores que podem potenciar e comprometer o sucesso do projeto., Introduction/ background/ objectives The possibility of doing work at home dates back several centuries; however, technological development has allowed for the creation of new jobs based on it and eventually fully executed outside the employer’s premises. In addition, the pandemic situation associated with SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) has encouraged many institutions to initiate or intensify telework. The purpose of this review was to summarize the most relevant data about the topic, in the context of Occupational Health. Methodology This is a Review, initiated through a survey conducted in April 2020, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, SCOPUS and RCAAP”. Content Telework is working at home, or at least outside the employer’s conventional facilities, but in a previously stipulated and approved location, using technology. In this review, data on the historical evolution of the work were summarized, highlighting the various Industrial Revolutions. Some national and especially international statistics were also included in the context of Telework. The main sub-types of Telework are also briefly described and what are the desirable characteristics in teleworkers and telemanagers. Finally, the main advantages and disadvantages mentioned in the consulted bibliography are highlighted. Conclusions Generally speaking, the perception of advantages and disadvantages depends on the employee’s characteristics (such as personality, flexibility, autonomy, competence, need for socialization, posture and commitment to work); characteristics of the employer (management, malleability, valorization of human resources, means and procedures); the tasks themselves (ease or not of being teleworked); family characteristics (number of elements, age of children and relational quality); the household (size, lighting, furniture, equipment, area exclusive or not for the Telework); traffic, pollution and urban safety; as well as consequences for the relationship with the company, work and personal life (family and society); that is, the same aspect can be considered both an advantage and a disadvantage, depending on the global context. Furthermore, in reality, Telework has such a diversity of conditions and characteristics, that consensus conclusions are not possible. It is necessary for each institution to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of inserting the Telework and, if it decides to proceed, have a sense of what are the factors that can enhance and compromise the success of the project.

Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos Os telemóveis são usados cada vez com maior frequência, quer em contexto pessoal, quer profissional. Vários investigadores têm apresentado evidência de que se tratam de objetos que comportam geralmente vários microrganismos, alguns dos quais eventualmente patogénicos. Existirão alguns setores profissionais onde esta questão se poderá tornar problemática, nomeadamente entre instituições de saúde hospitalares (não só pelo tipo de microrganismos existente, como pela imunossupressão e/ ou debilidade médica geral dos indivíduos presentes). Pretende-se com esta revisão perceber o que está descrito a nível de risco biológico para os trabalhadores que manuseiem telemóveis, ainda que quase todos os estudos publicados se convertam para o setor da Saúde e a enfase seja dada aos pacientes (e secundariamente à comunidade) e não aos trabalhadores em si. Metodologia Trata-se de uma Scoping Review, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2019 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”. Conteúdo A temperatura do telemóvel pode criar boas condições para o desenvolvimento de alguns microrganismos. Daqui eles podem, com alguma facilidade, passar para a face, olhos e boca do utilizador. Para além disso, alguns dos telemóveis usados em trabalho não são só para uma só pessoa, mas sim passados entre turnos; em alguns países não é rara a partilha por vários membros da mesma família e/ ou emprestado às crianças, para jogarem. Para além disso, muitos usam este objeto durante as refeições/ na cozinha e até quando estão na casa de banho, o que potencia a carga microbiológica. Os smartphones parecem estar mais contaminados, devido a serem geralmente maiores e proporcionarem mais interação e manuseamento; simultaneamente, os com ecrã “touch” apresentam menos colonização que os teclados (eventualmente devido à homogeneidade da superfície). Alguns investigadores colocam a hipótese de existir relação entre a colonização de alguns telemóveis e a que existe no interior de malas de senhora, onde eles são geralmente transportados. Conclusões Ainda que os estudos tenham sido muito dispares em relação a procuram qualquer tipo de microrganismos ou apenas bactérias ou vírus e para além da diversidade microbiológica real entre países, as técnicas de cultivo diferentes certamente possibilitaram o crescimento de algumas estirpes e a inviabilidade de outras. Ainda que existam estes enviesamentos que justificaram algumas diferenças percentuais significativas, simultaneamente, também ficou claro que todos os telemóveis albergam inúmeros microrganismos, ainda que a maioria destes não seja relevante para indivíduos imunocompetentes e todos os artigos tenham sido escritos antes da Pandemia por Covid-19. Assim, em contexto de Saúde Ocupacional, parece não existir um risco muito significativo para Trabalhadores que não sejam imunocomprometidos. Contudo, as exceções, simultaneamente, podem se tornar relevantes: ou seja, para Funcionários com alterações no funcionamento do sistema imune, para microrganismos com multirresistências aos fármacos convencionalmente utilizados e, obviamente, nesta fase em que nos encontramos (início do segundo semestre de 2020) para estirpes novas, para as quais não existem ainda eventual imunidade natural (por infeção prévia) ou proporcionada por vacina eficaz e, por isso, capazes de causar doença muito extensa nas populações e, ainda que o número de casos graves seja pequeno, dado a dimensão do contágio, tal adquire uma amplitude muito relevante, por todas as suas implicações humanas, emocionais, técnicas, laborais e económicas. Recomenda-se por isso o uso muito criterioso do telemóvel (sobretudo em circunstâncias onde a contaminação biológica é mais provável e/ ou intensa), quer a nível de trabalho, quer em contexto pessoal; bem como a desinfeção adequada e regular destes objetos, por álcool a 70%., Introduction / background / objectives Mobile phones are used more frequently, both in a personal and professional context. Several researchers have presented evidence that they are objects that generally contain several microorganisms, some of which are possibly pathogenic. There will be some professional sectors where this issue may become problematic, namely between hospital health institutions (not only due to the type of microorganisms that exist, but also due to the immunosuppression and/ or general bad medical conditions of the individuals present). The aim of this review is to understand what is described in terms of biological risk for workers who handle mobile phones, although almost all published studies convert to the Health sector and the emphasis is given to patients (and secondarily to the community) and not to the workers themselves. Methodology It is a Scoping Review, initiated through a survey conducted in April 2019 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Content The temperature of the mobile phone can create good conditions for the development of some microorganisms. From here they can pass to the user’s face, eyes and mouth. In addition, some of the mobile phones used at work are not just for one person, but are passed between shifts; in some countries they are shared by several members of the family and/ or lent to children, to play. In addition, many use this object during meals/ in the kitchen and even when they are in the bathroom, which enhances the microbiological load. Smartphones appear to be more contaminated, due to being generally larger and providing more interaction and handling; simultaneously, those with a touch screen have less colonization than keyboards (possibly due to the homogeneity of the surface). Some researchers have hypothesized that there is a relationship between the colonization of some mobile phones and that which exists inside women’s bags, where they are usually transported. Conclusions Although the studies were very dispar in relation to looking for any type of microorganisms or just bacteria or viruses and in addition to the real microbiological diversity between countries, the different cultivation techniques certainly made it possible for some strains to grow and others not to be viable. Although these biases can justified some significant percentage differences, it was also clear that all cell phones contain numerous microorganisms, although most of these are not relevant for immunocompetent individuals, bet all articles were written before the Pandemic by Covid-19 . Thus, in the context of Occupational Health, there seems to be no significant risk for workers who are not immunosuppressed. However, the exceptions, simultaneously, can become relevant: for Employees with changes in the functioning of the immune system, for microorganisms with multidrug resistance to conventionally used drugs and, obviously, at this stage (april 2020 ) for new strains, for which there is still no natural immunity (by previous infection) or provided by an effective vaccine and, therefore, capable of causing very extensive disease in populations and, although the number of serious cases is small, given the contagion dimension, this acquires a very relevant amplitude, for all its human, emotional, technical, labor and economic implications. For this reason, it is recommended to use the phone very carefully (especially in circumstances where biological contamination is more likely and/ or intense), both at work and in a personal context; as well as the proper and regular disinfection of these objects, by 70% alcohol.

Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos As vibrações e o ruido são dois fatores de risco laborais razoavelmente prevalentes e, em muitas situações, presente em conjunto. Caso seja real uma associação fisiopatológica entre ambos, será bastante relevante comprovar tal, de forma a reajustar, se necessário, os limites das vibrações e ruido considerados seguros. Metodologia Trata-se de uma Scoping Review, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em setembro de 2019, nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Ultimate, Science Direct, SCOPUS e RCAAP”. Conteúdo Alguns investigadores quantificaram maiores perdas de audição em trabalhadores simultaneamente expostos a ruido e vibrações; contudo, trabalhadores expostos a vibrações provenientes de instrumentos de trabalho, geralmente estão expostos também a níveis mais elevados de ruido. Caso exista uma ligação fisiopatológica entre estes dois fatores de risco laborais, acredita-se que esta possa incidir na teoria da vasoconstrição simpática (observada no síndroma dos dedos brancos) e que também poderá danificar a cóclea, produzindo danos isquémicos a nível das células ciliadas. Outra hipótese destaca que algumas ferramentas de trabalho poderão originar vibrações capazes de atingir diretamente o ouvido interno, por condução óssea (sobretudo a nível temporal). Conclusões A generalidade dos estudos consultados não apresentava metodologia muito robusta, que permita avaliar com rigor se a hipoacusia mais intensa em indivíduos simultaneamente expostos a vibrações resulta de uma verdadeira associação fisiopatológica, ou se se trata apenas de um enviesamento estatístico. Seria interessante que equipas de saúde ocupacional a exercer em clientes com trabalhadores simultaneamente expostos a estes dois fatores de risco (e, se possível, com combinações de intensidades diferentes) investigassem o tema, de forma a se produzir conhecimento capaz de potenciar a saúde e segurança ocupacionais., Introduction / framework / objectives Vibrations and noise are two reasonably prevalent occupational risk factors and, in many situations, present together. If a pathophysiological association between them is real, it will be very relevant to verify this, in order to readjust, if necessary, the vibration and noise limits considered safe. Methodology This is an Scoping Review, initiated by a September 2019 survey of the “Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, CINALH plus with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Ultimate, Science Direct, SCOPUS and RCAAP.” ContentSome researchers have quantified higher hearing losses in workers simultaneously exposed to noise and vibrations; however, workers exposed to vibration from work instruments are generally also exposed to higher levels of noise. If there is a pathophysiological link between these two occupational risk factors, it is believed that this may be related to the theory of sympathetic vasoconstriction (observed in white-finger syndrome) and may also damage the cochlea, producing ischemic damage to the hair cells. Another hypothesis points out that some work tools may give rise to vibrations that can reach the inner ear directly, through bone conduction (especially at the temporal level).Conclusions Most of the studies consulted did not have a very robust methodology that allows a rigorous evaluation of whether the most intense hypoacusis in individuals simultaneously exposed to vibration results from a true pathophysiological association, or if it is only a statistical bias. It would be interesting for occupational health teams to investigate on clients with workers simultaneously exposed to these two risk factors (and, if possible, with combinations of different intensities), in order to produce knowledge capable of enhancing occupational health and safety.

Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos Muitos postos de trabalho têm postura de pé mantida e as consequências para o trabalhador e empregador são frequentemente observadas. As equipas de saúde ocupacional são frequentemente questionadas sobre a importância do uso de tapetes de descanso e/ou qual o modelo que se deveria escolher. Com este estudo, pretende-se conhecer quais os benefícios da utilização dos tapetes e respetiva evidência. Metodologia Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica Integrativa/ Scoping Review, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2019 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Ultimate, Science Direct, Web of Science, SCOPUS e RCAAP”. Conteúdo A postura de pé mantida associa-se genericamente a desconforto/ dor e fadiga, podendo causar alterações musculares nos membros inferiores e, secundariamente, patologia músculo-esquelética (sobretudo na região lombar, perna e pé). Os sintomas podem ser atenuados caso se consiga aliviar a pressão plantar. As técnicas usadas são o tapete de descanso, calçado com palmilhas amortecedoras, ortóteses ou plataformas inclinadas. Os tapetes poderão ser diferenciados em função da rigidez, espessura, compressão e material; bem como aditivos, revestimentos e forma geométrica, todos capazes de alterar a eficácia. Para além disso, eles também podem ter outros efeitos interessantes (como atenuação do ruído, vibrações, desconforto térmico, risco de queda dos trabalhadores e de objetos, proteção dos chãos, retenção de detritos, distribuição de cargas eletrostáticas ou restrição na propagação do fogo). Discussão e Conclusões Os estudos publicados sobre este tema são escassos e, para além de, por vezes, tentarem quantificar parâmetros subjetivos, as amostras de trabalhadores envolvidas foram geralmente muito pequenas, pelo que as conclusões divulgadas na literatura não são robustas ou facilmente generalizáveis a todos os funcionários com postura de pé mantida. Ainda assim, parece consensual entre os documentos selecionados que os tapetes atenuam os sintomas associados a esta questão, permitindo melhorias na produtividade, absentismo, satisfação e até sinistralidade. Contudo, nos poucos artigos que compararam o uso de tapetes versus rotação entre postura de pé mantida e sentada ou intercalada com caminhadas suaves, estas últimas parecem ser na realidade mais eficazes que os anteriores, ainda que estes sejam já uma mais valia para a Saúde Ocupacional., Introduction / objectives Many jobs have standing work position and the consequences are easily observed. Occupational health teams are often asked about the importance of using resting mats and/ or which model to choose. With this study, it is intended to know the benefits of using resting rugs and if your choice is the most effective to prevent occupational hazards. Methodology This is an Integrated Bibliographic Review, framed in a survey conducted in April 2019 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Summaries of Effects Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: Comprehensive, MedicLatina, Final Academic Search, Direct Science, Web of Science, SCOPUS and RCAAP. Content The standing posture remained associatively to the discomfort/ fatigue, causing symptoms and musculoskeletal pathology (mainly in the lumbar region, leg and foot). Symptoms can be alleviated if you consider to decrease plantar pressure. The techniques used are the rest rugs, shoes with shock insoles, orthoses or sloping platforms. The carpets were differentiated according to the rigidity, thickness and material; as well as additives, coatings and geometric shape and all can interfere in the function of the mat. In addition, they may also have other interesting effects (such as noise attenuation, vibration, thermal discomfort, risk of falling workers and objects, floor protection, debris retention, electrostatic charge distribution or fire propagation restriction). Discussion and Conclusions The studies published on this topic are scarce and, in addition they are attempting to quantify subjective parameters; besides that, the samples of workers involved were generally very small, so the conclusions published in the literature are not robust or easily generalizable to all employees with standing posture. Nevertheless, it seems consensual among the documents selected that the rugs attenuate the symptoms, allowing improvements in productivity, absenteeism, satisfaction and even accidents However, in the few articles that compared the use of mats versus rotation between standing and sitting postures or interspersed with soft walks, the latter seem to be actually more effective than the previous ones, although these are already an added value for Occupational Health.

Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos: Os Coveiros estão sujeitos a diversos riscos/ fatores de risco; no entanto, a bibliografia associada é muito escassa. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica Integrativa, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2017, nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Complete e RCAAP”. Conteúdo: Coveiro é o indivíduo que abre as covas nos cemitérios e enterra os mortos. Nas funções atribuídas são ainda incluídas a retirada de corpos, inumações, transladações, exumações, serviços gerais de construção civil, limpeza, jardinagem, recolha e tratamento do lixo, prestação de informações/ portaria e manutenção geral. A irregularidade das tarefas associadas aos enterros permite intercalar com as restantes tarefas gerais. O trabalho é pesado mas repartido, o que o torna menos árduo. Para além disso, na generalidade do tempo não há pressão, sendo frequentes as pausas durante o horário de trabalho. Conclusões: Os principais fatores de risco nestes profissionais são manuseamento manual de cargas, posturas forçadas/ mantidas; queda de objetos; desconforto térmico; radiação ultravioleta; agentes biológicos; agentes químicos da limpeza; máquinas/instrumentos, ruido, vibrações e poeiras; turnos prolongados e/ou em horário pós-laboral; queda a níveis diferentes e soterramento. Quanto a medidas de proteção coletivas salientam-se o auxílio mecânico nas tarefas mais pesadas a nível de manuseamento de cargas e posturas forçadas/ mantidas, divisão da mesma carga por vários funcionários, rotatividade nas tarefas mais pesadas, intercalar tarefas com diferente patamar de dificuldade a nível de cargas; organização do serviço de forma a executar tarefas ao ar livre nas alturas do ano e do dia mais amenas, rotatividade nas tarefas e intercalar tarefas com diferentes desconfortos térmicos; organizar recursos que permitem uma correta higiene de mãos e corpo; usar agentes químicos e menos tóxicos possíveis, intercalar agentes com toxicidades diferentes, rotatividade de tarefas com agentes químicos mais prejudiciais e ter o menor número de funcionários expostos; usar máquinas modernas e em bom estado de conservação; diminuir a produção do ruido, potenciar o isolamento acústico, rotatividade para as tarefas mais ruidosas, intercalar tarefas com intensidade sonora diferente e ter o menor número de funcionários expostos; organizar os turnos de forma a evitar turnos prolongados e rotatividade das horas extra; formação para os riscos/ fatores de risco ocupacionais/ EPIs (equipamentos de proteção individual) e cumprimento rigoroso dos condicionamentos oficializados nas fichas de aptidão. A nível de EPIs poder-se-ão considerar luvas, calçado com biqueira de aço, farda, máscara, viseira e proteção auricular. Quanto a doenças profissionais fica subentendido a possibilidade de surgirem patologias herniárias, lesões músculo-esqueléticas, patologias oncológicas, eczemas alérgico ou de contato, asma e outras doenças respiratórias ou até mesmo hipoacusia/ surdez. Por fim, a nível de acidentes profissionais supõe-se que sejam mais prováveis as escoriações, contusões, fraturas e amputações., Introduction / framework / objectives: Gravediggers are subject to several risks / risk factors; however, the associated bibliography is very scarce. Methodology: This is an Integrative Bibliographic Review, initiated through a survey conducted in April 2017, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Complete and RCAAP. Content: Digger is the individual who opens the graves in the cemeteries and buries the dead. In the attributed functions are also included the removal of bodies, burials, transfers, exhumations, general civil construction services, cleaning, gardening, garbage collection and treatment, provision of information/ concierge and general maintenance. The irregularity of the tasks associated with funerals allows to interweave with the other general tasks. The work is heavy but divided, which makes it less arduous. In addition, in most of the time there is no pressure, with frequent breaks during working hours. Conclusions: The main risk factors in these professionals are manual handling of loads, forced/ maintained postures; Falling objects; Thermal discomfort; Ultraviolet radiation; biological agents; chemical cleaning agents; machines/ instruments, noise, vibrations and dust; long shifts and/ or post-work hours; Falling to different levels and burial. Collective protection measures include mechanical assistance in the heaviest tasks in the handling of loads and forced/ maintained postures, division of the same load by several employees, rotation in the heavier tasks, intercalary tasks with different levels of difficulty level of loads; organization of the service in order to perform outdoor tasks at the heights of the year and day, churning tasks and intercalating tasks with different thermal discomforts; organize resources that allow correct hand and body hygiene; use the least toxic and chemical agents possible, intercalate agents with different toxicities, task turnover with more harmful chemical agents, and have the lowest number of employees exposed; Use modern machines in good condition; reduce the production of noise, promote acoustic insulation, rotate for the noisiest tasks, to intercalate tasks with different sound intensity and to have the fewest number of employees exposed; organize shifts to avoid prolonged shifts and overtime turnover; training for occupational hazards/ risk factors/ personal protective equipment (PPE) and strict compliance with the conditions officially established on the skill sheets. At the EPI level, gloves, footwear with a steel toe, a uniform, a mask, a visor and an ear protection can be considered. As for occupational diseases, the possibility of hernia pathologies, musculoskeletal injuries, oncological pathologies, allergic or contact eczema, asthma and other respiratory illnesses or even hearing loss/ deafness is implied. Finally, in the case of occupational accidents, it is assumed that bruises, fractures and amputations are more likely.

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Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos: O trabalho em locais de vida noturna envolve diversos profissionais que partilham alguns riscos laborais (DJs, barmans, empregados de limpeza, relações públicas, caixas). Contudo, a bibliografia sobre o tema é muito escassa. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica Integrativa, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2017, nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Complete e RCAAP”. Conteúdo: Alguns autores consideram que, para os mesmos decibéis, a exposição à música é menos nociva que outro tipo de ruído, uma vez que esta é desejada, apreciada e, por isso, não irritante, o que poderá condicionar o perfil hormonal a nível da suprarrenal. O ruído em divisões fechadas tem propriedades específicas. O som emitido num ambiente fechado incidirá sobre as paredes e outras barreiras; parte da energia sonora é refletida novamente. Conclusões: Os trabalhadores deste setor profissional estão expostos durante várias horas seguidas a ruído de intensidade superior à que a legislação laboral permite, sem qualquer proteção ou pausa. A exposição ao ruido está razoavelmente bem estudada no setor industrial mas não neste contexto. Para além disso, existem outros fatores de risco/ riscos quase não mencionados na bibliografia, como a eventual existência de cronodisrrupção, posturas mantidas, movimentos repetitivos, agentes químicos, cargas, queda de objetos e ao mesmo nível, esforço vocal e corte., Introduction / framework / objectives: Night work involves a number of professionals who share some occupational hazards (DJs, bartenders, cleaning persons, public relations). The bibliography on the subject is very scarce. Methodology: This is an Integrative Bibliographic Review, initiated through a survey conducted in April 2017, in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Complete and RCAAP”. Content: Some authors consider that for the same decibels, exposure to music is less harmful than other types of noise, since it is desired, appreciated and therefore not irritating, which may condition the hormonal profile at the adrenal level. Noise in enclosed rooms has specific properties. Sound emitted in a closed environment will focus on walls and other barriers; part of the sound energy is reflected. Conclusions: The workers of this professional sector are exposed for several hours to a noise of greater intensity than the labor legislation allows, without any protection or pause. Exposure to noise is reasonably well studied in the industrial sector but not in this context. In addition, there are other risks/ risk factors almost not mentioned in the bibliography, such as the possible existence of chronodisruption, maintained postures, repetitive movements, chemical agents, loads, falling objects, falls the same level, vocal effort and cut.

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Os trabalhadores ligados ao setor da jardinagem estão expostos a um conjunto de riscos e fatores de risco profissionais nem sempre percecionados pelos próprios e/ou empregadores ou até por elementos da equipa de Saúde Ocupacional sem experiência prévia nesta atividade laboral. Pretendeu-se com este estudo dar a conhecer o que de mais relevante e recente se publicou sobre o tema, contribuindo para uma maior capacitação de todos os envolvidos neste processo. Pergunta protocolar: Quais os principais riscos e fatores de risco laborais dos jardineiros, eventuais doenças profissionais associadas e medidas de proteção recomendadas? Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica em julho de 2015 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e Academic Search Complete”. Esta profissão está exposta a diversos riscos/ fatores de risco, nomeadamente agentes químicos, agentes biológicos, desconforto térmico, ruído, vibrações, trabalho em altura, quedas ao mesmo nível, cargas, queda de objetos, projeção de fragmentos/ corpos estranhos, uso de máquinas/ instrumentos cortantes e, eventualmente, poderá até existir risco oncológico. A generalidade dos trabalhadores da Jardinagem não se apercebe da importância ou intensidade de alguns riscos, pelo que, por vezes, menospreza algumas medidas de proteção coletiva e/ou individual. As principais doenças profissionais destacadas pela bibliografia consultada são a dermatite, uveíte, queratoconjuntivite, patologias osteomusculares e cancro de pele. Quanto a medidas de proteção coletiva, praticamente nenhum estudo as desenvolveu. Em relação a Equipamentos de Proteção Individual, apenas um artigo propôs uma lista parcial. Não só os dados apresentados nesta revisão reúnem de forma muito sucinta o que de mais recente se publicou sobre a saúde laboral neste setor (em português e utilizando artigos que abordavam aspetos muito parcelares e escritos noutras línguas), de forma a proporcionar um fácil acesso a esta informação da parte dos profissionais que se iniciem neste setor; como também se percebeu que a realidade portuguesa não está suficientemente retratada, pelo que seria pertinente motivar os profissionais da saúde ocupacional que trabalham no ramo (ou venham a trabalhar) para investigar aspetos relevantes do tema, divulgando as conclusões obtidas através da publicação de artigos.