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This paper examines the past, present and possible futures of OPEC’s engagement with the issue of climate change. OPEC’s early identification of climate change within the frame of its existing battles with consuming countries led it to adopt an approach of confrontation. This paper argues that OPEC thereby both deprived itself of an opportunity to influence the shape of climate solutions and damaged its reputation for solidarity with other developing countries. Today, with significant technological, political and scientific momentum for a transition away from fossil fuels, OPEC members face serious risks that may only be mitigated by urgently transitioning their economies away from dependence on oil. Given the challenges of such a move, international support would be highly beneficial– support that will not be forthcoming unless OPEC sheds its negative reputation by taking meaningful action. This paper explores alternative approaches to climate change, focusing on oil supply, through which OPEC could act on climate while addressing some of its strategic concerns.