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Coordination polymers (CPs) have been extensively investigated for a variety of applications because of their tunable structures and properties. In this work, we demonstrated the potential of catalytic CPs in the fabrication of an integrated multifunctional composite for establishing a cascade amplified immunoassay. For this purpose, an Fe(iii)-based CP (FeCP) with peroxidase-like activity was employed as a model of catalytic CPs to simultaneously integrate glucose oxidase (GOx) and the anti-prostate specific antigen (anti-PSA) antibody through a self-adaptive inclusion process. This leads to the formation of a dual-functional anti-PSA/GOx@FeCP composite with cascade catalytic activity and capture ability to target the antigen. Benefiting from the shielding effect of FeCPs as a host, a significantly improved stability against harsh environments can be achieved for the loaded GOx and anti-PSA antibody in the composite. On this basis, by utilizing anti-PSA/GOx@FeCPs as a detection antibody, a colorimetric immunoassay based on the cascade catalysis of GOx and FeCPs as a signal amplified enhancer was developed for the detection of PSA. Under optimal conditions, satisfactory detection results have been achieved in both buffered aqueous solutions and serum samples. We believe that this study will open up a new avenue for the rational design and fabrication of multifunctional composites while offering a new cascade amplification strategy for PSA detection.