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The Bi2S3nanomaterials with various morphologies such as nanorods, nanowires, nanowire bundles, urchin-like microspheres and urchin-like microspheres with cavities have been successfully synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method. Experimental results indicate that sulfur sources play crucial roles in determining the morphologies of Bi2S3products. Moreover, formation mechanisms of different Bi2S3nanostructures are discussed based on understanding of the growth habit of Bi2S3crystal. Finally, we also studied the morphologies-dependent electrochemical and optical properties of the as-synthesized Bi2S3nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphology control of bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) nanostructures, from one-dimensional nanorods with various aspect ratios, to various kinds of two-dimensional nanofabrics (dense nanofabrics and spark nanofabrics) to three-dimensional urchin-like microspheres and crossed nanofabrics, has been achieved viaan ionic liquids-assisted hydrothermal route, by adjusting the active state of the BiOCl, the characteristics and concentration of the ionic liquid used and the reaction temperature. Reasonable growth mechanisms for the Bi2S3with different morphologies are proposed, based on active state of the intermediate BiOCl, characteristics of the ionic liquids used and the crystal growth habits of Bi2S3. More importantly, we introduce the concept of two different states of the intermediate BiOCl (active BiOCl and inert BiOCl) to explain the growth mechanisms of nanofabrics, nanorods and urchin-like microspheres, from different crystal growth processes. Moreover, electrochemical measurements demonstrate that Bi2S3nanofabrics and urchin-like microspheres possess higher initial Li intercalation capacity than graphitic materials (372 mA h g−1), and their cyclic performances are highly dependent on their morphologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]