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In the realm of corrosion mitigation, the search for sustainable and ecologically accountable inhibitors attracts significant interest from the environmental point of view. This study investigates the intriguing possibilities presented by Erigeron bonariensis (EB) as a green and innovative corrosion inhibitor for weathering steel in 1 M H 2 SO 4 . EB, a naturally abundant plant species, holds promise as a green and sustainable inhibitor due to its inherent chemical composition in the environment. The intricate interplay between the phytochemical constituents of the extract and the corrosive environment is meticulously deciphered. Furthermore, the environmentally benign nature of the inhibitor adds an extra layer of significance to its application, aligning with contemporary green chemistry principles. The inhibition effect of Erigeron bonariensis (EB) extract on the corrosion of mild steel in acidic media (H 2 SO 4 ) was studied using weight loss, absorption studies, phytochemical analysis, electrochemical methods, and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental findings revealed that an increase in inhibitor concentration is correlated with higher inhibition efficiency. The adsorption of inhibitor molecules on the mild steel surface was found to agree with the UV-Vis adsorption spectrum. Additionally, a surface study conducted using scanning electron microscopy indicated notable differences in the presence and absence of inhibitors for weathering steel. At 2000 mg L -1 , EB extract has the best inhibitory efficiency for weathering steel in 1 M H 2 SO 4 of 99.50% by the leaf part, followed by 94.35% by the flower part, and 85.22% by the stem part. Overall, this study suggests that EB extract serves as a promising alternative for corrosion prevention, demonstrating significant inhibition efficiency., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

In the present report, the authors describe a synthetic route for the generation of N -phenyl amino acid derivatives using CO 2 via a C-C coupling reaction in an undivided cell containing a combination of Mg-Pt electrodes. The reactions were completed in a short time without the formation of any other side product. The final products were purified via a simple recrystallization procedure. The structures of the newly prepared compounds were established using advanced spectroscopic techniques including 1 H, 13 C NMR, IR, and ESI-MS. All the prepared derivatives show good-to-excellent activity when tested against bacterial and fungal strains. Interestingly, it was observed that the presence of polar groups (capable of forming H-bonds) such as -OH (4d) and -NO 2 (4e) at the para position of the phenyl ring show activity equivalent to the standard drugs., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Lactoferrin is a heme-binding multifunctional glycoprotein known for iron transportation in the blood and also contributes to innate immunity. In this study, the interaction of theaflavin monogallate, a polyphenolic component of black tea, with camel milk lactoferrin was studied using various biophysical and computational techniques. Fluorescence quenching at different temperatures suggests that theaflavin monogallate interacted with lactoferrin by forming a non-fluorescent complex, i.e. , static quenching. Theaflavin monogallate shows a significant affinity towards lactoferrin with a binding constant of ∼10 4 -10 5 M -1 at different temperatures. ANS binding shows that the binding of polyphenol resulted in the burial of hydrophobic domains of lactoferrin. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters (Δ H , Δ S and Δ G ) suggested that the interaction between protein and polyphenol was entropically favored and spontaneous. Circular dichroism confirmed there was no alteration in the secondary structure of lactoferrin. The energy transfer efficiency (FRET) from lactoferrin to theaflavin was found to be approximately 50%, with a distance between protein and polyphenol of 2.44 nm. Molecular docking shows that the binding energy of lactoferrin-theaflavin monogallate interaction was -9.7 kcal mol -1 . Theaflavin monogallate was bound at the central cavity of lactoferrin and formed hydrogen bonds with Gln89, Tyr192, Lys301, Ser303, Gln87, and Val250 of lactoferrin. Other residues, such as Tyr82, Tyr92, and Tyr192, were involved in hydrophobic interactions. The calculation of various molecular dynamics simulations parameters indicated the formation of a stable complex between protein and polyphenol. This study delineates the binding mechanism of polyphenol with milk protein and could be helpful in milk formulations and play a key role in the food industry., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

We report a graphene oxide (GO) lamellar membrane with increased inter-layer spacing for efficient permeation of water molecules and heavy metal ions through nanoporous graphene oxide. The inter-layer spacing of the GO sheets in the lamellar structure was increased by introducing poly-aminophosphonic acid (APA) in between the GO sheets. We demonstrate experimentally, the use of a prepared membrane (GO-APA) by a SPE technique for the preconcentration and extraction of heavy metal ions by chelate formation and their determination by ICP-OES. We found that this sub-micrometer-thick membrane allows unimpeded permeation of water molecules through two-dimensional capillaries formed across the pores and by closely spaced graphene sheets. Compared to the bulk GO sorbent, GO-APA membrane offers enhanced sensitivity and permeability for heavy metal ions due to relatively large inter-layer spacing and high surface area (extraction phase) with a high number of active functional groups. The potential of this technique for the preconcentration and extraction of Pb(ii), Cd(ii) and Cu(ii) is illustrated with the contaminated ground water and industrial waste water analysis. The detection limit achieved for studied ions was 1.1 ng L -1 , under optimized experimental conditions. The co-existing ions did not hinders the extraction of trace heavy metal ions. Accuracy of the developed method was assessed by analyzing Standard Reference Materials. The Student's t test values were found to less than the critical Student's t value of 4.303 at the 95% confidence level. The method shows good precision as coefficients of variation for five replicate measurements were found to be 4-5%., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Novel, safe, and effective antilisterial agents are required in order to prevent Listeria monocytogenes infections and maintain food safety. This study synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the shoot extract of in vitro -grown Tamarix nilotica (TN) and characterized them using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We also assessed the antilisterial potential of the synthesized TN-AgNPs by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against two strains of L. monocytogenes and L. innocua . TN-AgNPs (2×MICs) showed a significant decrease in growth in all Listeria test strains. Release of cellular content and cell morphology analysis of TN-AgNP-treated bacterial cells demonstrated the mechanism of bactericidal activity of AgNPs. In addition, TN-AgNPs induced a significant decrease in swimming motility (62-71%), biofilm formation (57-64%), and preformed biofilms (48-58%) in all Listeria test strains at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Microtitre plate assay results for biofilm inhibition were confirmed by SEM and CLSM visualization of TN-AgNP-treated and TN-AgNP-untreated Listeria test strains. TN-AgNPs also showed wound-healing activity in MCF-7 cells by inhibiting cell migration in a scratch plate assay. TN-AgNP-induced enhanced reactive oxygen species generation in treated cells could be a plausible reason for the biofilm inhibitory activity of AgNPs. TN-AgNPs having antilisterial, antibiofilm, and wound-healing properties can be effectively used to prevent L. monocytogenes infections in the food industry and healthcare., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)