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We developed a system to detect multiple target biomolecules through sensing motif-tethered oligodeoxynucleotides. DNA-based molecular probes gave the primary amine motif upon reaction with the target biomolecules, glutathione (GSH) and H2O2. After labelling with biotin, the product DNAs were selectively collected to be quantified by qPCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumor biomarkers are highly desirable for the screening of patients with a risk of tumor development and progression. Here, we report a beta-galactosidase (β-gal)-responsive acetaminophen (β-GR-APAP) as a synthetic plasma biomarker for targeted tumor detection. Tumor β-gal labeling via the recognition of tumor-related antigen enabled the detection of a tumor using β-GR-APAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is an emerging cutting-edge method of acquiring metabolic and physiological information in vivo . We recently developed γ-glutamyl-[1- 13 C]glycine (γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly) as a DNP nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) molecular probe to detect γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity in vivo . However, the detailed enzymatic and magnetic properties of this probe remain unknown. Here, we evaluate a γ-Glu-Gly scaffold and develop a deuterated probe, γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly- d 2 , that can realize a longer lifetime of the hyperpolarized signal. We initially evaluated the GGT-mediated enzymatic conversion of γ-Glu-Gly and the magnetic properties of 13 C-enriched γ-Glu-Gly (γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly and γ-[5- 13 C]Glu-Gly) to support the validity of γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly as a DNP NMR molecular probe for GGT. We then examined the spin-lattice relaxation time ( T 1 ) of γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly and γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly- d 2 under various conditions (D 2 O, PBS, and serum) and confirmed that the T 1 of γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly and γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly- d 2 was maintained for 30 s (9.4 T) and 41 s (9.4 T), respectively, even in serum. Relaxation analysis of γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly revealed a significant contribution of the dipole-dipole interaction and the chemical shift anisotropy relaxation pathway (71% of the total relaxation rate at 9.4 T), indicating the potential of deuteration and the use of a lower magnetic field for realizing a longer T 1 . In fact, by using γ-Glu-[1- 13 C]Gly- d 2 as a DNP probe, we achieved longer retention of the hyperpolarized signal at 1.4 T., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)