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The low-cost material antimony trifluoride (SbF3) was doped into commonly used tin dioxide (SnO2) for the first time, and the SbF3-doped SnO2 as an electron-transport layer (ETL) was successfully applied in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). After the SbF3 doping, the optimized photovoltaic power conversion efficiency (PCE) was significantly enhanced from 19.89% to 21.42%. The effects of SbF3 on the device performance were then systematically investigated. The results show that the electron mobility of the ETL is markedly increased and the quality of the ETL/perovskite interface is effectively improved, which is helpful to promote the electron-transport efficiency in the ETL as well as the electron-extraction ability from the perovskite to the ETL. Besides, the perovskite grain size is clearly increased and the trap state density in the bulk perovskite is significantly decreased, both of which can greatly suppress charge-carrier recombination in the perovskite film. Moreover, the device based on the SbF3-doped SnO2 ETL displays negligible hysteresis and excellent stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coordination polymers (CPs) have been extensively investigated for a variety of applications because of their tunable structures and properties. In this work, we demonstrated the potential of catalytic CPs in the fabrication of an integrated multifunctional composite for establishing a cascade amplified immunoassay. For this purpose, an Fe(III)-based CP (FeCP) with peroxidase-like activity was employed as a model of catalytic CPs to simultaneously integrate glucose oxidase (GOx) and the anti-prostate specific antigen (anti-PSA) antibody through a self-adaptive inclusion process. This leads to the formation of a dual-functional anti-PSA/GOx@FeCP composite with cascade catalytic activity and capture ability to target the antigen. Benefiting from the shielding effect of FeCPs as a host, a significantly improved stability against harsh environments can be achieved for the loaded GOx and anti-PSA antibody in the composite. On this basis, by utilizing anti-PSA/GOx@FeCPs as a detection antibody, a colorimetric immunoassay based on the cascade catalysis of GOx and FeCPs as a signal amplified enhancer was developed for the detection of PSA. Under optimal conditions, satisfactory detection results have been achieved in both buffered aqueous solutions and serum samples. We believe that this study will open up a new avenue for the rational design and fabrication of multifunctional composites while offering a new cascade amplification strategy for PSA detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]