1. Surveillance Study of Acute Neurological Manifestations among 439 Egyptian Patients with COVID-19 in Assiut and Aswan University Hospitals.
- Author
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Khedr EM, Abo-Elfetoh N, Deaf E, Hassan HM, Amin MT, Soliman RK, Attia AA, Zarzour AA, Zain M, Mohamed-Hussein A, Hashem MK, Hassany SM, Aly A, Shoyb A, and Saber M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Anosmia epidemiology, Brain diagnostic imaging, COVID-19 diagnosis, COVID-19 epidemiology, Central Nervous System Diseases diagnosis, Central Nervous System Diseases epidemiology, Disease Progression, Egypt epidemiology, Encephalitis epidemiology, Encephalitis physiopathology, Female, Guillain-Barre Syndrome epidemiology, Guillain-Barre Syndrome physiopathology, Hospitals, University, Humans, Hypoxia, Brain epidemiology, Hypoxia, Brain physiopathology, Lung diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting epidemiology, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting physiopathology, Myasthenia Gravis epidemiology, Myasthenia Gravis physiopathology, Myositis epidemiology, Myositis physiopathology, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases diagnosis, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases epidemiology, SARS-CoV-2, Seizures epidemiology, Seizures physiopathology, Spinal Cord diagnostic imaging, Spinal Cord Diseases epidemiology, Spinal Cord Diseases physiopathology, Stroke diagnosis, Stroke epidemiology, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Anosmia physiopathology, COVID-19 physiopathology, Central Nervous System Diseases physiopathology, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases physiopathology, Stroke physiopathology
- Abstract
Background: COVID-19 can be accompanied by acute neurological complications of both central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS). In this study, we estimate the frequency of such complications among hospital inpatients with COVID-19 in Assiut and Aswan university hospitals., Materials and Methods: We screened all patients with suspected COVID-19 admitted from 1 June to 10 August 2020 to the university hospitals of Assiut and Aswan in Upper Egypt. Clinical and laboratory tests, CT/MRI of the chest and brain, and neurophysiology study were performed for each patient if indicated., Results: 439 patients had confirmed/probable COVID-19; neurological manifestations occurred in 222. Of these, 117 had acute neurological disease and the remainder had nonspecific neuropsychiatric symptoms such as headache, vertigo, and depression. The CNS was affected in 75 patients: 55 had stroke and the others had convulsions (5), encephalitis (6), hypoxic encephalopathy (4), cord myelopathy (2), relapse of multiple sclerosis (2), and meningoencephalitis (1). The PNS was affected in 42 patients: the majority had anosmia and ageusia (31) and the others had Guillain-Barré syndrome (4), peripheral neuropathy (3), myasthenia gravis (MG, 2), or myositis (2). Fever, respiratory symptoms, and headache were the most common general symptoms. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and ischemic heart disease were the most common comorbidities in patients with CNS affection., Conclusion: In COVID-19, both the CNS and PNS are affected. Stroke was the most common complication for CNS, and anosmia and/or ageusia were common for PNS diseases. However, there were 6 cases of encephalitis, 2 cases of spinal cord myelopathy, 2 cases of MG, and 2 cases of myositis., (© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2021
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