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Most research on the mobility outcomes of violence focuses on Internally Displaced Peoples (IDPs) or refugees displaced in response to armed conflict. The influence of everyday urban violence on population movements has been largely invisible, especially transnationally. This paper addresses these issues in relation to transnational migration and displacement among Colombians in the United Kingdom. Cities in the global South have porous violence boundaries in terms of rural–urban linkages but also with regard to the more neglected dimension of transnational migration, a crucial response to everyday urban violence and less directly influenced by armed conflict. The paper also highlights transnational linkages between countries, forged and maintained especially through remittances that fund security infrastructure back home as well as further migration. The notion of displacement also encapsulates how fear and security in cities in the South are often transformed into anxiety and the experience of discrimination among those with no legal papers in cities such as London. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper explores the effects of iconic, abstract representations of complex objects on our interactions with those objects through an ethnographic study of the use of the London Underground Map to tame and enframe the city of London. Official reports insist that the 'Tube Map's' iconic status is due to its exemplary design principles or its utility for journey planning underground. This paper, however, presents results that suggest a different role for the familiar image: one of an essential visual technology that stands as an interface between the city and its user, presenting and structuring the points of access and possibilities for interaction within the urban space. The analysis explores the public understanding of an inscription in the world beyond the laboratory bench, the indexicality of the immutable mobile's visual language, and the relationship between representing and intervening. It further suggests fruitful crossovers between Science Studies, Urban Studies, and Human-Computer Interaction by approaching the individual as a 'user' of a city and its graphical interface, applying the technique of cognitive mapping to overlapping virtual and analog spaces, and exploring the social and practical effects of strong and standardized visual languages on further narratives and interactions with scientific, technological, or everyday objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fundamental problem with the educational system in the United Kingdom is that the subject-based emphasis of the curriculum leads to a separation in the teaching and learning of related skills. Using a framework previously prepared by the author, which positions Information Literacy within the wider domain of scholarly investigation, this paper employs a meta-synthesis approach to construct a meta-model that unites much of the material currently dispersed across England’s National Curriculum, and draws on the totality of the assembled content to outline a series of generic skills. The structure proposed here enables teachers to make connections between key aspects of what they cover in their own subjects and those addressed by colleagues concerned with other disciplines, and helps information professionals to recognize areas where their particular interventions will be most beneficial, in terms of promoting Information Literacy specifically and skills of more direct interest to subject practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

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This paper places Boyle's atomism in its social context, and describes the political motives which underlay it. Boyle's physico-threology was designed to answer the ideological challenges thrown up by tie turbulent events of mid-seventeenth-century England. After the Restoration, Doyle and the Royal Society continued to use his natural philosophy to this end. One important example is Boyle's A Free Enquiry ... (written in 1666, but not published until 1686). This addresses itself to the heretical implications of scholastic natural philosophy. Scholasticism, argues Boyle, assumes a universe in which a purposive rationality works quite apart from God and divine providence, and in which there is no distinction between `nature' and `providence'; this may lead to some form of `paganizing naturalism and so must be overthrown, Boyle's strategy is first to show that the scholastic conception is not scientifically valid, and then to offer his corpuscular philosophy as a superior alternative. However, Boyle's real enemy was not scholastic theory per se, but those who relied on it - papists and paganizing deists. In showing that both cherished outmoded assumptions about nature, Boyle attacked both kinds of idolatry simultaneously. The timing of the appearance of A Free Enquiry also added to its effectiveness as a shrewd piece of Anglican apologetics. It was published just when, because of James It's religious policy, the threat of subversion by papists and `atheists' bulked larger than ever before in the minds of Anglican churchmen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a national survey conducted between February and June 2012 which assessed the practices concerning the screening, diagnosis and management of gestational diabetes (GDM) in England. The survey revealed that all obstetric units in the country offered routine screening for GDM. It also found different criteria for the diagnosis of GDM including induction of labor and self-monitoring of blood glucose.

This article presents a commentary on a paper by Christoph Bluth on the 1982 war in the southwest Atlantic and the controversies that preceded and followed it. The author questions the statement that the Spanish protested against the colonization of what they considered to be their territory by right. He indicates that Bluth invokes, in deciding whether England had the right to retake the Falklands by force, what calls the theory of the just war, in which happens to be nothing less than the doctrine of the Catholic Church. He asserts that this is a matter of religion and has nothing to do with international law.

Objective: We evaluated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the antenatal patients attending North Middlesex University Hospital between March 2008 and March 2009. Study design: A prospective study of maternal levels of vitamin D at booking. Results: The prevalence of both deficient and insufficient levels of 25[OH]D was 87.6% across all included patients. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of asymptomatic vitamin D deficiency in the antenatal booking population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the holdings of the British Broadcasting Corp. (BBC) Written Archives Centre and correspondence files held by the National Archives to put together the production history of the film "The War Game." The film was a drama documentary account of the aftermath of a nuclear attack on southern England. The film was suppressed by the BBC and it is only recently that documentation relating to it has become available to researchers.

Drawing on interviews with two elite female athletes from different sports, one from a study in Norway and the other from a study in England, this article explores the process of 'grooming' in the context of sport. Both athletes experienced grooming for sex by their male coaches yet were able to stop the process at a particular point. Grooming has been used to demarcate 'sexual harassment' and 'sexual abuse' as separate points on a continuum of sexually exploitative behaviours. Grooming involves slowly gaining trust before systematically breaking down interpersonal barriers. Elite athletes can become trapped into compliance because they trust and like, or even love, their abusers. The motivation behind sexual harassment and abuse is often power, whereby the harasser seeks to take control over another individual. The abusers use threats (such as being cut from the team) and rewards or privileges to secure co-operation and manipulate the victims to maintain secrecy. Our primary purpose here is to use these adapted realist tales to provide a richer and more personal illustration of these events (within-case) than is presented through extrapolated checklists of 'risk factors' (cross-case). The stories also illustrate vividly elements from the different stages in the grooming process in sport, as described in previous literature. Finally, they reinforce the need to identify protective factors as part of anti-harassment and abuse prevention programmes with both coaches and athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explores the role of youth organizations in the dissemination of ideologies of gender in England from 1940 to 1970. Account on the persistence of the ideology during the post-1945 era; Argument for the conformity of the Liverpool Boys' Association and Liverpool Union of Youth Clubs to conservative definitions of femininity and masculinity.

This article is based on the assumption that the contrast between science and astrology was not merely some kind of fashionable idiom of the 19th century, but actually marked out one of the most significant aspects of the development of Western Capitalist societies. It examines some difficulties involved in the practice of the research which attempts to demarcate science from supposedly non-scientific systems of explanation, by so doing, it may be possible to begin to isolate certain distinguishing features of scientific activity without, at the same time, exaggerating the difference between scientific and other forms of cognitive practice. The strength of the medicine from the 17th century onwards was that at least parts of it were perceived as harmonizing increasingly with aspects of the ideology of powerful sections of the elite. Astrology, after about 1650, seems to have provided some forms of interpretation which had no directly, measurable consequences in the economic field, nor so provided symbolic re-interpretations of experience in terms which were attractive to the elite of the period.