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A new neolignan, named coixide A (1), along with fifteen known compounds, (7 R,8 S)-3′-demethyl-dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-3′- O-β-glucopyranoside (2), (7 R,8 S)-3′-demethyl-9′-butoxy-dehydrodiconiferyl-3′- O-β-glucopyranoside (3),adenosine (4), 2- O-caffeoyl isocitricacid (5), pseudolaroside A (6), 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-(2 H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4 H)-one (7), 2- O-β-glucopyranosyl-7-methoxy-2 H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4 H)-one (8), 2- O-β-glucopyranosyl-4-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2 H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4 H)-one (9), 2- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-hydroxy-2 H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4 H)-one (10), p-coumaric acid ethyl ester (11), caffeic acid ethyl ester (12), p-coumaric acid (13), cis-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (14) trans-N-p-coumaroyltyramine (15), and coixol (16) have been isolated from Coix lachryma-jobi var. mayuen. Their chemical structures were elucidated by chemical evidence on the basis of spectroscopic and MS data, and as well as by comparison with those reported.