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Background: This multi-institutional, observational study examined whether the outcomes after peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter placement in Japan meet the audit criteria of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) guideline and identified factors affecting technique survival and perioperative complications., Methods: Adult patients who underwent first PD catheter placement for end-stage kidney disease between April 2019 and March 2021 were followed until PD withdrawal, kidney transplantation, transfer to other facilities, death, 1 year after PD start or March 2022, whichever came first. Primary outcomes were time to catheter patency failure and technique failure, and perioperative infectious complications within 30 days of catheter placement. Secondary outcomes were perioperative complications. Appropriate statistical analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the outcomes of interest., Results: Of the total 409 patients, 8 who underwent the embedded catheter technique did not have externalised catheters. Of the 401 remaining patients, catheter patency failure occurred in 25 (6.2%). Technical failure at 12 months after PD catheter placement calculated from cumulative incidence function was 15.3%. On Cox proportional hazards model analysis, serum albumin (hazard ratio (HR) 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27-0.70) and straight type catheter (HR 2.14; 95% CI 1.24-3.69) were the independent risk factors for technique failure. On logistic regression analysis, diabetes mellitus was the only independent risk factor for perioperative infectious complications (odds ratio 2.70, 95% CI 1.30-5.58). The occurrence rate of perioperative complications generally met the audit criteria of the ISPD guidelines., Conclusion: PD catheter placement in Japan was proven to be safe and appropriate., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The authors have read and understood Peritoneal Dialysis International’s policy on conflicts of interest disclosures. TS has received speaker honorarium from Baxter Healthcare and received research grant from Terumo Corporation. HI has received research grant from Baxter Healthcare. KU has received salaries from an endowed chair at Baxter Healthcare. KU has received research grant, also from Baxter Healthcare. NW has received speaker honorarium from Baxter Healthcare. MY has received speaker honorarium from Terumo Corporation. DK has received speaker honorarium from JMS Co., Ltd. KT has received speaker honorarium from Baxter Healthcare and JMS Co., Ltd. The other authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article.