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As uses of plasma-derived medical products increase globally, so does the demand to collect plasma from donors. There is evidence that positive interactions with center staff motivate plasma donors to return. This paper reports on a focused ethnography investigating experiences of nurses and phlebotomists in one of Canadian Blood Services’ first source plasma collection center during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants found the transition from whole blood collection to source plasma amid a global pandemic challenging, but they adapted by coming together as a team, and then worked to put the donor experience first. Their experience resonates with scholarship on emotional labor. As blood services worldwide attempt to increase source plasma collection, there is a need to understand care work that nurses and phlebotomists perform on the front-line. This study offers insight into how blood services can support staff in plasma operations by recognizing emotional labor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of educational institutions in the field of nursing is to educate nurses with the competences to provide high-quality care to their patients, meaning that students need to learn about evidence-based practice and how to translate the knowledge, skills, competency, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours into daily practice. The bachelor thesis is the ultimate test for undergraduate nursing students to present what they have learned. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore undergraduate nursing students' experiences of conducting clinical projects in their bachelor theses. Methods: We used qualitative focus-group interviews to gain a deeper understanding of the students' experiences of conducting clinical projects in their bachelor theses as an approach to learn about evidence-based practice. The analyses focused on meaning according to Brinkmann and Kvale. Results: Eighteen out of 22 eligible students who had chosen to participate in ongoing clinical research projects and write an academic paper as their bachelor thesis were included in this study. The students were all females and divided into three focus groups. The clinical projects were conducted in a public hospital, a private hospital, nursing homes, or within home-care nursing. The analyses showed that conducting clinical projects in the bachelor thesis provided the students with important knowledge for providing evidence-based care and it. motivated them to want to initiate future clinical projects as nurses., They got valuable hands-on experience for how to conduct research, and made the students aware of the importance of keeping themselves updated on the latest knowledge. Conclusion: Conducting clinical research projects on a bachelor level provide undergraduate nursing students with important knowledge of how to provide evidence-based nursing care to their patients. Learning how to conduct clinical research projects is also important for motivating future nurses to initiate research aiming to improve clinical nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Childhood, adolescent and young-adult (AYA) cancer survivors often experience health problems due to late or long-term effects of their cancer or the treatment thereof. The general population gains health benefits from immersion in nature, and nature-based programmes seem to be an intervention that can promote health among childhood and AYA cancer survivors. Objective: To explore the impact of the WAYA wilderness programme on the health of childhood and AYA cancer survivors. Methods: The study had a qualitative approach, with data from individual interviews (n = 18) 3 months after completion of the WAYA programme. In addition, case report data was collected during follow-up talks (1, 2 and 12 months after the programme) (n = 19). The WAYA programme consisted of an 8-day expedition, followed 3 months later by a 4-day base camp. The programme included activities such as hiking, backpacking, kayaking, rock climbing, bushcraft and mindfulness. Data was analysed according to a qualitative content analysis. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) were followed. Results: An overarching theme was identified: "Personal growth from challenges in nature supported by deep connections with others". In 4 additional themes, participants' experiences describe how deep personal connections arose, as they developed a feeling of being able and competent in nature. Nature provided a space that supported relaxation and respite from everyday challenges and stimuli, which also led to an experience of being more connected to nature. Conclusion: The WAYA programme was experienced as being of support to childhood and AYA cancer survivors. The programme provided them with skills and tools to be safe in nature. When connected to nature, the participants developed trust and self-confidence, personal growth, relaxation and recovery from stress. Their engagement in outdoor activities continued after completion of the programme, when they returned to everyday life at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Breastfeeding has proven over the years to be one of the most effective means to ensure child survival. The advocators and myth busters of breastfeeding myths are supposed to be health professionals. However very little is known about myths surrounding breastfeeding as expressed by these health professionals (nurses and midwives). Hence this study. Objective: The study aimed at exploring the myths about breastfeeding as voiced by lactating nurses and midwives. Method: Qualitative exploratory descriptive design was used to investigate the subject matter. Twenty-five nurses and midwives were purposely selected to participate in the study after they had voluntarily opted to be part of the study. Data was audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and inductively analyzed. Results: It was evident that participants believed in myths about breastfeeding. The main themes discovered were breastfeeding myth beliefs and sociocultural myth influences. Six sub-themes identified were green stools/diarrhoea, childhood disease, teeth discoloration, child becoming stupid, culture and close relatives. Conclusion: Health professionals believe in unfounded myths about breastfeeding. Steps should be taken for them to get better lactation support. The outcomes of this study underscore the need for health professionals to address breastfeeding myths, understand the sociocultural context, and support evidence-based practice. Improving lactation support and education for nurses and midwives can lead to better clinical practice and, as a result, help to promote successful and healthy breastfeeding in Ghana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Opioid overdose deaths continue to climb in the United States. Administering naloxone to an overdose victim can save their life, but rapid access to naloxone remains a barrier. Delivering naloxone to a bystander using a drone has potential to increase naloxone availability but there are still many uncertainties about this mode of delivery. Can an untrained bystander to an opioid overdose successfully administer drone delivered naloxone after viewing video instructions on the drone and how long does it take? Methods: This mixed-methods observational study, conducted in a controlled outdoor environment, simulated an opioid overdose using a mannequin (overdose victim) and panicked bystander. Untrained and medically naïve participants were instructed to call for help, move the drone from the landing spot to the mannequin, and follow the instructions provided by the drone to administer naloxone. Data was collected using video recordings, interviews, and an online survey. Time stamp data was extracted from the video for 2 time points: time for removing the naloxone from the drone and time to administer the naloxone. Interviews were audio recorded and analyzed using an inductive concept analysis approach. One interview question was coded as a binary response of anxiety/no anxiety and added to the demographic data. Results: The average time to remove and administer naloxone was 62 seconds. Anxiety during the activity was reported by 59% of the participants but there was no correlation between anxiety and time. The design of our drone and instructional video can be improved. Conclusions: We have established baseline times for completing steps in administering naloxone delivered by drone. We were able to successfully induce anxiety and have a baseline measure for what percentage of untrained bystanders may experience anxiety when involved with an emergency situation. Design of instructional materials and drone construction can contribute to anxiety and successful administration of naloxone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A clinical nutritionist (CN) is a university-educated professional trained to perform preventive and recovery functions in the health of patients. The actions of these professionals, both worldwide and in Latin America, may face barriers and opportunities that require careful identification and examination. The main objective of this study is to identify the most important barriers and opportunities for the clinical nutritionist in 13 Latin American countries. A qualitative study was carried out; the initial phase involved conducting in-depth individual interviews with 89 informants, experienced CNs from 13 Latin American countries. After calculating the mean and standard deviation, we ranked the top 10 most frequently reported barriers by assigning a score ranging from 1 to 10. Additionally, 3 opportunities were identified with a lower score from 1 to 3. Means and standard deviation were calculated to sort the responses. Results: the most important barrier was the absence of public policies that regulate and/or monitor compliance with the staffing of CNs according to the number of hospital beds, while the most important opportunity was the advances in technology such as software, body analysis equipment and other tools used in Nutritional Care. The identified barriers can interfere with the professional performance of CNs and, moreover, make it difficult to monitor the good nutritional status of patients. It is recommended to consider the barriers identified in this study, as well as the opportunities, with a view to improving the quality of hospital services with an adequate supply of nutritionists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted as a plan of action for people, planet, and prosperity by 2030. SDG 3 aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all ages, and other goals focus on reduction of inequality, abolition of poverty, decent work for all, and building effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions. A community pediatric clinic, Kidscope, was established in a vulnerable Irish community offering free developmental assessment and onward referral of children 0 to 6 years. The Kidscope model involves multiagency input with local public health nurses (PHNs) acting as fundamental partners in the provision of specialist early years support to vulnerable children and families. This study evaluates PHN involvement in Kidscope in the context of SDGs. Objective: To record and understand PHN roles within Kidscope and to capture their contribution to achieving SDGs in a disadvantaged Irish community. Methods: Qualitative stakeholder analysis and mapping design. Snowball sampling identified participants. Data collection involved scoping interviews, questionnaires, one-to-one interviews, and a focus group. A Stakeholder Matrix Table was developed in line with the guiding framework. Transcripts were thematically analyzed. Results: PHNs are key stakeholders in Kidscope contributing to clinic development, delivery, and sustainability. Six themes were identified: lead referrers, in-clinic support, learning and education, child and family follow-up, specialist early years role, and partnership working. PHNs contribute to six SDGs through the Kidscope model. Conclusion: PHNs are fundamental partners in achieving SDGs in a disadvantaged Irish community through ameliorating childhood developmental delay by intercepting the gap within Ireland's early intervention system and disrupting the impact exclusion to healthcare has on vulnerable children and their families. Findings underscore a shift from the current "cradle to grave" model of working toward a specialist early years PHN role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Managing a patient on mechanical ventilation is a vital aspect of clinical scope in intensive and critical care units. In addition, it is a highly technical, intricate, dynamic task requiring extensive knowledge and skills. Little is known about critical care nurses' experiences caring for patients on mechanical ventilation in contexts where resources are constrained, creating an empirical gap in the available body of knowledge. Objective: This study explored critical care nurses' experiences caring for patients on mechanical ventilators at an intermediate hospital in northeastern Namibia. Method: The study followed qualitative descriptive and explorative designs. The purposive sample included 13 critical care nurses who had cared for patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 6 months. Data were collected via individual unstructured interviews and analyzed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach. Results: Four themes and eight subthemes emerged. Varied personal feelings, such as feeling proud, competent, exhausted, traumatized, overwhelmed, and concerns for patients' well-being were experienced by critical care nurses. Participants described learning from colleagues in the unit and expressed concerns about not having postbasic training in critical care nursing. Negative experiences included concerns about community members' misconceptions about critical care units and mechanical ventilators, and challenges with resources, personnel, and admission procedures. Conclusion: Critical care nurses in resource-constrained settings have positive and negative experiences caring for patients on mechanical ventilators. The findings have implications for the development of support systems for critical care nurses, including induction programs, competence enhancement, psychological support, the development of guiding documents for admission, patient preparation and sensitization of community members. There is a need for this study to be replicated in other resource-constrained contexts where specialized critical care nurses are available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Medication assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder (OUD) saves lives and enhances quality of life for people in recovery. However, only a small percentage of people eligible for MAT in the United States receive treatment, and among those who do seek treatment, retention is a challenge. This study aims to understand factors that help individuals enter and stay in MAT from the perspective of those in recovery. The patient perspective is vital in efforts to improve care delivery and best support individuals in treatment. Methods: Survey development was driven by a review of current peer-reviewed literature plus information gained through 3 semi-structured interviews and follow-up discussions with 5 individuals who have lived experience in MAT, termed Participant Advisors. Survey questions focused in part on MAT participants' opinions relating to program policies such as drug testing, relapse protocols, duration of treatment, participant use of anti-anxiety medications and marijuana, and requirements for attendance in peer recovery groups such as Narcotics Anonymous and Alcoholics Anonymous. Responses were collected from West Virginia-based MAT programs from February through August 2021, with 1700 surveys distributed to 21 MAT programs. Results: At the close of data collection, 225 survey responses, including over 500 free-text comments, were received (13.2% response rate). Most (n = 207, 95%) were currently in a MAT program and most (n = 187, 88.6%) reported using buprenorphine/naloxone for MAT, though participants reported having used other medications for treatment of OUD as well. Questions about how long a person should have MAT prescribed, how long they should be able to stay in treatment, whether they can use marijuana or anti-anxiety drugs while in treatment, and whether they should use a 12-step program generated mixed opinions. Findings strongly support consideration of individual situations and shared decision-making with providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Opioid overdose deaths continue to climb in the United States. Administering naloxone to an overdose victim can save their life, but rapid access to naloxone remains a barrier. Delivering naloxone to a bystander using a drone has potential to increase naloxone availability but there are still many uncertainties about this mode of delivery. Can an untrained bystander to an opioid overdose successfully administer drone delivered naloxone after viewing video instructions on the drone and how long does it take? METHODS: This mixed-methods observational study, conducted in a controlled outdoor environment, simulated an opioid overdose using a mannequin (overdose victim) and panicked bystander. Untrained and medically naive participants were instructed to call for help, move the drone from the landing spot to the mannequin, and follow the instructions provided by the drone to administer naloxone. Data was collected using video recordings, interviews, and an online survey. Time stamp data was extracted from the video for 2 time points: time for removing the naloxone from the drone and time to administer the naloxone. Interviews were audio recorded and analyzed using an inductive concept analysis approach. One interview question was coded as a binary response of anxiety/no anxiety and added to the demographic data. RESULTS: The average time to remove and administer naloxone was 62 seconds. Anxiety during the activity was reported by 59% of the participants but there was no correlation between anxiety and time. The design of our drone and instructional video can be improved. CONCLUSIONS: We have established baseline times for completing steps in administering naloxone delivered by drone. We were able to successfully induce anxiety and have a baseline measure for what percentage of untrained bystanders may experience anxiety when involved with an emergency situation. Design of instructional materials and drone construction can contribute to anxiety and successful administration of naloxone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, Norwegian health authorities introduced social distancing measures in nursing homes. The aim was to protect vulnerable residents from contracting the potentially deadly infection. Drawing on individual interviews with nursing home managers and physicians, and focus groups with nursing staff, we explore and describe consequences the social distancing measures had on nursing home residents’ health and wellbeing. The analysis indicates that most residents became socially deprived, while some became calmer during the nursing home lockdown. Nursing home staff, physicians and managers witnessed that residents’ health and functional capacity declined when services to maintain health, such as physiotherapy, were put on hold. In conclusion, we argue that although Norwegian health authorities managed to keep the infection rates low in nursing homes, this came at a high price for the residents however, as the social distancing measures also negatively impacted their health and wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hemodialysis (HD) patients experience numerous physical and psychological symptoms on a daily basis. These symptoms have a heavy impact on their quality of life, which is a key indicator of their survival in the short term. Numerous empirical studies have shown that the quality of the nurse-patient relationship (NPR) is essential in promoting positive outcomes for patients. When patients receive caring, their autonomy and independence grows, their sense of hope increases, their quality of life improves, and their sense of satisfaction with nursing care received rises. Inversely, the presence of dehumanizing practices in hemodialysis settings can contribute to delay healing for patients. In light of the importance of the quality of the relationship between nurses and HD patients and of the benefits to be had from a quality relationship, an educational intervention based on Watson's Theory of Human Caring was delivered to HD nurses. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore qualitatively the perceptions of nurses working with HD patients in French-speaking Switzerland regarding changes to their clinical practice after receiving an educational intervention intended to reinforce caring attitudes and behaviors towards patients. Methods: The method used was that of consensual qualitative research (CQR). Sixteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with hemodialysis nurses post-intervention. Results: The results evidence a transformation of clinical nursing practice illustrated by three core ideas: (1) caring practice was reinforced; (2) new practices emerged; and (3) some limitations appeared. Conclusion: In these times of global pandemic where the issue of the humanization of nursing care is front and center, this professional development activity helped reinforce caring-based practice. This practice needs to be developed within the various care units in order to guarantee and promote quality of care and patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/Objectives: Coaching is emerging as a form of facilitation in health professions education. Most studies focus on one-on-one coaching rather than team coaching. We assessed the experiences of interprofessional teams coached to simultaneously improve primary care residency training and interprofessional practice. Methods: This three-year exploratory mixed methods study included transformational assistance from 9 interprofessional coaches, one assigned to each of 9 interprofessional primary care teams that included family medicine, internal medicine, pediatrics, nursing, pharmacy and behavioral health. Coaches interacted with teams during 2 in-person training sessions, an in-person site visit, and then as requested by their teams. Surveys administered at 1 year and end study assessed the coaching relationship and process. Results: The majority of participants (82% at end of Year 1 and 76.6% at end study) agreed or strongly agreed that their coach developed a positive working relationship with their team. Participants indicated coaches helped them: (1) develop as teams, (2) stay on task, and (3) respond to local context issues, with between 54.3% and 69.2% agreeing or strongly agreeing that their coaches were helpful in these areas. Cronbach's alpha for the 15 coaching survey items was 0.965. Challenges included aligning the coach's expertise with the team's needs. Conclusions: While team coaching was well received by interprofessional teams of primary care professionals undertaking educational and clinical redesign, the 3 primary care disciplines have much to learn from each other regarding how to improve inter- and intra-professional collaborative practice among clinicians and staff as well as with interprofessional learners rotating through their outpatient clinics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-communicable disease rates associated with being overweight or obese are rising. Technologies warrant consideration as weight loss interventions. Cloudtag's® Onitor® Track, a dual-position wearable plus smartphone application, monitors energy expenditure and provides tailored exercise programmes. This research aimed to undertake an experimental study of 20 overweight and obese women using the technology; explore its feasibility and acceptability through interviews; and investigate its behaviour change techniques. The primary outcome was decreased body weight (kg) at 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes were body mass index (kg/m2) and waist circumference (cm) changes. 15 overweight and obese women took part. Results indicated weight loss (median 2.7 kg, p < 0.05) and waist circumference decrease (median 4 cm, p < 0.05), but attrition was high (60%). Users reported dietary changes but few activity adjustments. They valued feedback. 27 behaviour change techniques were identified. The Onitor® Track shows potential for weight loss in overweight and obese women, but further work is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]