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In view of persistent global inequalities in scientific knowledge production with clear centers and peripheries, this paper examines a lingering concern for many scientists in the Global South: why is it, at times, so hard to have scientific insights from the South recognized? This paper addresses this big question from within a long-term field immersion in a Ugandan–Australian scientific collaboration in molecular biology. I show how disciplinary hierarchies of value affect the distribution of labor between Uganda and Australia and thematize the role of place and its affective atmospheres that texture the quotidian scientific work in this project. Unsurprisingly, they tend to devalue Ugandan sites and contributions, and turn Uganda into a rather unlikely site for new insights to emerge. However, in spite of doing devalued and outsourced "menial" labor such as fieldwork, Ugandan biologists' fieldwork involves affective encounters with their experimental banana plants that thereby become differently thinkable. The paper argues that attending to affective atmospheres that infuse research sites offers clues about scientists' position in global hierarchies and at the same time can help make room for insights that emanate from unexpected places. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the progress of geographical research on the gambling industry and presents a framework to comprehend the role of space in gambling consumption and harm. It covers two themes: the casino's place in urban governance and the agency of gamblers, and how space impacts gambling consumption and harm. The paper introduces a conceptual framework of orientation, affective atmosphere, and intimacy to better comprehend how gambling practices can increase or decrease risk. Finally, the paper suggests that this framework can help to better understand online sports gambling consumption and harm in the context of market growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Encounters between materials and bodies matter throughout the creative process. This paper contends that creative work depends on these encounters generating and filling the atmosphere with affect. Based on an in-depth ethnography within a fashion design studio, the article empirically traces such affective encounters and corresponding atmospheres. In the studio, designing is performed through artefacts as well as experimental and collaborative gestures that inspire affective reactions and spark creative work. The creative body is part of a complex and atmospheric space where materials, bodies and external influences circulate via affective encounters and prompts. The analysis reveals the spatial and affective materiality of creativity and contributes to the recent interest in atmospheric organizational inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prompted by the recent prominence of the notion of atmosphere in the study of organization, in this paper we take a step back to discuss and reflect the underpinnings of atmospheric theory and their implications for knowing, theorizing and studying organizational atmospheres. To do so, we sketch a genealogy of the atmospheric. Drawing upon the wider remit of atmospheric thought in social and cultural theory, we then discuss the onto-epistemological, methodological and political implications of organizational atmospherics, suggesting a vocabulary and sensibility for future atmospheric inquiries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently debates have emerged concerning how atmospheric objects referred to collectively as 'elemental' become entangled in the operation of communication infrastructure. The paper extends these debates through research into UK emergency responders' information sharing during emergencies. Harnessing textual analysis and an interview, the paper unpacks the protocols established to organise information sharing and explores how such protocols interweave an assemblage of technologies to share information as emergencies unfold. The evidence presented demonstrates different ways that the elemental forces physically constitutive of emergencies are incorporated into information sharing. However, it also details cases wherein these elemental forces disrupt the information sharing practices they otherwise enable and outlines the effects this disruption has on emergency response provision. Considering the case, I make three arguments to establish a distinctive approach for conceptualising the entanglement of the elements within information sharing. First, I extend understandings of the capacities that elements actualise to enable information sharing. Second, I elaborate on the notion of excess to explain how elemental forces disrupt information sharing. Accounting for its political ramifications, I demonstrate thirdly, how, by disrupting information sharing, elemental forces obstruct government attempts to comprehend the emergencies they attend and, in turn, provide resources to ensure adequate response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines a series of anxieties about mixing at the Jewish Lads’ Brigade and Club (JLB & C) in Manchester, UK during the 1950s and 1960s, primarily focused on inter-faith activities, relationships and marriages. This paper explores how a powerful moral geography of gender and religion came to be shaped, regulated and negotiated at this youth work space. The concerns expressed by some adults over teenage encounters in the post-war city were articulated and understood through the notion of ‘atmospheres’, and this paper suggests how this idea and language captured some of the anxieties and emotions surrounding cultures of leisure at this time. This paper contributes an in-depth and sustained focus on the moral geographies of the post-war city in relation to young people, as well as addressing an important gap in scholarship on Jewish youthful religiosities. Furthermore, it pushes at ideas about meaningful encounters through the consideration of the JLB & C as a meeting space and arena for visitors. Overall, the paper examines how the JLB & C acted as both a mirror to the wider social changes of the post-war era, while also being an active contributor in shaping those same processes of social change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on affective resistance with an emphasis on the context in which resistant action emerges, and on the liberating power of laughter. It adopts the approach of 'affective ethnographic history' to examine the activities of the Polish oppositional artistic collective, the Orange Alternative (OA), between 1986 and 1989. The OA organized interventions in the streets of Polish cities which engaged the general public as participants. The focus of the interventions was on the creation of affective atmospheres leading to affective transitions in the participants from fear to the lack of fear. The paper contributes to scholarly debates on resistance in three ways: (1) it proposes that resistance and its efficacy should be assessed not in terms of the form of resistance, but through consideration of resistant action in relation to the context of its emergence; (2) it demonstrates how affective resistance operates through affective atmospheres that result in affective transitions to the state of lack of fear; and (3) it reconsiders the significance of laughter as an affective force that has liberating consequences both within a particular resistance assemblage and beyond it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses long-term research in an Indian village to develop Karl Mannheim's notion of each generation's 'fresh contact' with their inherited social and environmental setting. I examine how a generation of young people re-apprehend their local environment following a period of migration. I argue that young people aged between 25 and 34 who have lived outside their locality re-appraise their village economically and spiritually when they return home. I point to the social nature of this 'fresh contact', its spatial character, and the high degree of reflexivity that young men display in discussing their own agency as a generation – a point that emerged especially clearly in their discussion of the term 'mahaul,' a Hindi word meaning 'atmosphere'. The paper contributes to geographical and anthropological work on youth agency by highlighting the utility of notions of fresh contact in specific social conjunctures, such as the migration of a particular cohort. At the same time, it suggests the importance of placing alongside Mannheim's work an explicit focus on the spatial nature of fresh contact, the sociality that constitutes cohorts as generations, and young people's reflexive capacity to theorise their generational agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on affect and affective atmospheres have been a topic of increasing interest in marketing, particularly in the management of consumption and retail spaces where service providers attempt to orchestrate a prescribed, collective affective response in consumers. This paper draws on the work of Sara Ahmed and Margaret Wetherell to bring the subject back to the fore, providing a more fine-grained theorisation of how individuals land in such atmospheres. We articulate surfacing and sticking as key dimensions of landing, highlighting the heterogeneity of our landing, whereby affect is individually felt through bodily reactions due to how our personal affective history intersects with the socio-political context. Using a poetic affective attunement method, we capture intensely affective atmospheres, namely spirit-permeated religious settings in Brazil; demonstrating how landing results in different orientations or disorientations through which often elided emotional experiences come into view, privileging some subjects and objects whilst disadvantaging others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how to begin interior architecture education and provides a fertile ground on which students can tackle design departures. Narratives are studied as a vehicle and an opportunity for self‐expression and discovery for first‐year students to explore and produce atmospheres. The project Staging Poe draws its narrative inspirations from Edgar Allan Poe's poems. It proposes to approach atmosphere through a narrative method, by translating words into materiality. Narratives of literary works are proposed to novice students as starting points while stepping into the not‐yet‐familiar ways of the design process. Staging Poe further envisions a first‐year design studio rooted in ongoing contemporary debates on the theory and practice of atmosphere and materiality in tandem with technology. The objective is to inspire a new generation of interior architecture students. This paper begins by discussing the theory of atmospheres and the potential role of narratives in exploring atmosphere within the Basic Design studio. Next, we examine Poe's The Philosophy of Composition as a guide to translating narrative into atmosphere before discussing the design of the Staging Poe project and the two consecutive phases of its methodology. Student progress is reviewed through an analysis of weekly reports and followed by an examination of the students' overall performance in the course. The findings of the analysis demonstrate how the structure of the studio advances student design thinking and performance in relation to their understanding of atmosphere and its material and quasimaterial agents. The study concludes that there is room for the exploration of alternative and field‐specific methods in the education of interior architecture discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper draws together ongoing efforts to recast the materiality and meaning of infrastructures with recent critical and creative engagements around questions of the elemental. In doing so, the paper develops the concept of elemental infrastructures in order to grasp how the elemental is not just a material resource acted upon or transformed by infrastructures but is becoming part of the generative ontology and condition of infrastructural capacities. The argument of the paper is developed via a discussion of recent experiments with contemporary forms of atmospheric media in which different configurations of the elemental, from helium to stratospheric winds, are being worked together in order to shape new infrastructural arrangements. In speculating with these experiments, the paper considers what it might mean to develop an expanded sense of infrastructural value from variations in an elemental commons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how cyclists gain a sense of the environments they move through by considering their felt experiences of the affective atmospheres that emerge in and through their movements. More specifically, the focus falls upon how various forms of transport infrastructure choreograph bodies in their movements through the city and so contributes towards the co-production of various affective atmospheres between differently mobile bodies. Drawing on video interviews with 24 commuter cyclists in Plymouth, UK, the roles that such infrastructures and atmospheres play in shaping the experience of cycling through shared forms of transport space are considered. Based on this, the paper argues that such felt experiences of affective atmospheres should be considered further in planning for cycling and when evaluating future developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies atmospheres of stillness in a contested urban public space known as the ‘Bearpit’. The purpose is to provide a nuanced account of stillness and its relationship to atmosphere. Drawing on an ethnographic examination of the Bearpit, the paper finds that the positive and beneficial aspects of stillness can be found in unexpected and unconventional places. However, there is no single, unifying experience of stillness, but rather a plurality of ‘stillings’. The paper highlights three forms of stillness distilled from study of the site – calmness, control and withdrawnness – and demonstrates how these modalities emerge from and contribute to the construction of atmospheres in the Bearpit. Moreover, these atmospheres have direct political consequences for those who take part in city life. The paper’s contribution is found in the advancement of non-anthropocentric understandings of atmosphere and the development of stillness as a way of understanding city life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To design places of spiritual quality and depth, designers need to reconnect themselves to the nature of place in order to create a sense of belonging prior to presenting a design solution. The traditional site analysis research produced by architects is too removed from the atmosphere of place and often becomes a set of drawings representing a hierarchical human use analysis based solely on function. This type of process needs to change in order to bring about awareness of the character of place, including making users more present with time and their own sense of belonging. Rituals are an inherent part of spirituality, and in this case, the acts performed to understand and embody the character of place encourage the sense of spiritual. The rituals presented in this paper are ethnographic methods that challenge the Western conventions of the design process. They encourage imagination and empathy through writing poetry that utilizes personification, rhythm, and bodily movement that cocreates knowledge of the sense of place through action. The design of public spaces is an important aspect of our culture and critical engagement. To arrive at meaningful spaces, the personal and civic culture needs to be expressed and highlighted. This paper presents how to change the traditional design process in order to better understand the character of place prior to designing a solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents various models (dose–response functions, DRFs) for predicting the first-year corrosion losses of structural metals for areas with marine and marine–urban (industrial) atmospheres. The prediction results for the first-year corrosion losses (C1pr) calculated by the DRF from the ISO 9223 standard and by the DRF developed by us are presented. A comparative assessment of the results is given. In this work, we used experimental data on the corrosion losses of carbon steel (CS), Zn, Cu, and Al over the first year of exposure (C1ex) at coastal test locations conducted within the MICAT project and the Russian programmes. The atmosphere corrosivity parameters necessary for the DRFs were considered for these locations. It was shown that the development of DRFs that provide the most reliable C1pr requires experimental data from one-year metal exposures with orientation of the samples in the direction facing the predominant sea wind directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aestheticization of organizational space is a growing phenomenon with organizations carefully designing the aesthetic engagement in space to invoke specific values and behavior. Simultaneously, however, the traditional workspace is disappearing as work is performed increasingly in multiply-located, hybrid spaces combining corporate, domestic and public spaces. This paper seeks to understand the aestheticization of hybrid spaces by theoretically drawing on the notion of atmosphere as proposed by the philosopher Gernot Boehme. By ethnographically exploring how an urban film festival creates its unique atmosphere, we identify three intertwined aesthetic practices that underpin the aestheticization of hybrid space: the interrelation of different aesthetic codes and expressions, the processual guidance of the aesthetic experience, and the provision of a centre of experience. We discuss how ambiguities, multiplicities and diversities may become a resource when aestheticizing hybrid space, reminding us to be critical even when atmospheres emerge beyond the careful aesthetic design of space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breathing is the activity which all forms of animated life share in common. The breath has been symbolised across cultures as the meaning of life itself. If breathing is imagined as life, gassing is the very opposite. Gassing is the intended (or unintended) means to prevent or obstruct breathing. Perhaps it is for this reason that the Nazi concentration camps are remembered as expressions of technological as much as metaphysical terror. The 2013 and 2017 Syrian chemical attacks show how gassing remains a ‘red line.’ This paper deals with the historical significance and complexity of air and breathing in law. Human dependency on the air has in early treaties been protected at times of war between ‘civilised’ nations but was exploited as an instrument against the breather during colonialism. Today, non-lethal-weapons, a more-than-technical term, are used extensively to discipline the biological body into political order. Engaging with the work of Foucault, Sloterdijk and others, I seek to make sense of the legal status of this contradictory political technology, which does not directly attack the body but rather conditions the atmospheric requirements for its animation. I argue for a move towards understanding law atmospherically as an extension of the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerosols are ubiquitous in the atmosphere and have strong effects on climate and public health due to the importance of reactions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds in air. Over the last decade, study of the reactions of PAHs and their derivatives in the atmosphere has become a key topic to find an effective way to decrease the impact of this spontaneous reaction and so reduce air pollution. This article aims to pool the majority of research on the reactions of PAHs with atmospheric agents such as oxygen, hydrogen and ozone and compare the theoretical and experimental results. In examining theoretical research, the number of aromatic rings is very important in calculating the rate constants and determining the main pathway of the reaction. So, while there are weak theoretical data, several papers issued in this field have concurred with key experimental results. For reactants with more than six aromatic rings, small basis sets have good conformity with experimental outcomes. Due to the abundance of OH in the atmosphere, much research has been done to find the best reaction pathway and calculate the associated rate constants experimentally and theoretically. In future, the opportunity exists for new researchers to detect the main intermediates, most important pathways, rate constants and the products of reactions with more than six aromatic rings and to detect PAHs in a dense atmosphere. Product identification will help to reduce air pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the cluster of aesthetic features involved in the common experience of the weather. Perceptual features (framelessness, chromatics, texture, synaesthesia, ephemerality, proteism) are accompanied by 'atmospheric' moods that are irreducible to physiological well-being. Representation and imagination reach their limits due to the more-than-human spatiotemporal scale of the atmosphere. Finally, some 'transaesthetic' aspects include the agency of an active matter and the longing for an elemental alterity. The aesthetics of the weather has to account for the interdependence between aesthetic and ethical values, between bodily engagement and appropriate knowledge, individual contemplation and social commitment, in order to develop ecological responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the promotion and consumption of alcohol at the 2012 New Zealand Rugby Sevens Tournament. The paper uses a quantitative survey to gain insight into how attendees experienced the event in relation to alcohol promotions and alcohol consumption. One hundred and six participants completed the survey, the results of which highlight respondents’ opinions of: (a) the appearance and role of alcohol promotions at the event; (b) the link between event atmosphere and alcohol consumption; and, (c) messages about moderating alcohol consumption during the event. The discussion draws attention to how live spectators of one particular alcohol-sponsored sports event perceived the role of alcohol as part of the entertainment package and the atmosphere of the event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anthropogenic developments have been causing a warming phenomenon of city centres called urban heat islands (UHI). The effect is made worse by the urban canopy characteristics of concrete, façade glazing and asphalt surfaces of building and road structures. Buildings would absorb shortwave radiation and store heat during daytime, and release heat into atmosphere at night, thus increasing the ambient temperature. The wide spread use of HVAC air-conditioners in the densely urbanised areas, as well as increasing commercial developments and massive rise in automobile traffics are also important contributing factors, which can lead to formation of ozone and smog. Urban temperatures can be up to 5–12℃ warmer than the surrounding countryside under extreme meteorological conditions of calm and clear anticyclonic weather. High temperatures in cities can exacerbate energy demand for building air conditioning, therefore higher emission of CO2 contributing further to green house warming. There are a number of UHI mitigation strategies including increasing the surface reflectivity and vegetation density in urban areas. This can be achieved by greening the urban environment by planting trees and vegetation; incorporating better roof designs such as cool roofs, greenroofs, reflective roofs and cool pavements. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of UHI effects in city centres and examine the mitigation strategies and the thermal benefits of greenroofs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces the concept of animals' atmospheres, as a contribution to work in animal and atmospheric geographies. It defines the concept and identifies the key factors that shape an animals' atmosphere. These offer a framework for future comparative research. The second section focuses on methodological and epistemic challenges of knowing and representing animal atmospheres. The third section examines engineering of animals' atmospheres, in context of the biopolitics of managing animal life in the Anthropocene. In conclusion, the article highlights its contributions. Illustrations are drawn from the atmospheres of dogs and wolves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several studies indicate that the decay of medieval stained glass windows is related to both the glass composition and the characteristics of the environment. The kinetics of the decay processes has been always described through experiences performed in aqueous confined conditions, which are obviously not encountered in real condition. A research programme has been set up in order to assess the kinetics of atmospheric weathering. The long and short term weathering has been studied through respectively ancient glass fragments and glass analogues exposed in the field. This paper presents the preliminary results of the long term. A characterisation of the morphology and chemical modification induced by weathering has been performed. Results will be used in the next step to build up a model of long term atmospheric weathering kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes as its starting point the centrality of nonrepresentational registers of communication and comprehension to understanding how everyday experiences of travelling with others by public transport unfolds. Drawing on extensive primary research, it explores how different affective atmospheres erupt and decay in the space of the train carriage; the modes of affective transmission that might take place; and the character of the collectives that are mobilised and cohere through these atmospheres. Acknowledging that these atmospheres have powerful effects, this paper focuses on the trajectories of particular misanthropic affective relations; and how such negative relations emerge from a complex set of forces which prime passengers to act. Yet this call to action is often met with a reticent passivity that transposes these negative affective relations, often in ways that intensify their force. In expanding the realm of that which is often taken to constitute the 'social', the paper concludes by considering how the demands of collective responsibility fold through contemporary understandings of community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a study on the atmospheric corrosion of carbon steels, zinc, copper and aluminium in the industrial atmosphere. Trends representative for Central Europe are evaluated on the results for the Czech test site Kopisty. The climatic data and levels of pollutants, namely SO2, have been measured, collected and analysed over 25 years. The corrosion rate of structural metals is significantly affected by SO2 and the metals quickly react to the decrease of SO2. The corrosion of both newly exposed metals and surfaces formerly exposed to polluted environments slowed when SO2 pollution in the atmosphere was reduced. The study does not reflect the effects in atmospheric corrosion systems with dominating chloride influences (marine and marine–industrial atmospheres). The chemical composition and morphology of the corrosion product layers of zinc, copper and aluminium are presented and compared. The comparison of the corrosion rates and corrosion product compositions of zinc after 1, 20 and 100 years of exposure is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An inhalation exposure study for particulate matter (PM) investigates links between exposure and observed changes in respiratory function by evaluating the interactions of chemical and physical properties of the PM with physiological mechanisms. Laboratory studies are useful in this regard, but provide limited information because of the difficulty in reproducing real atmospheric PM compositions and processes. To better understand the types of particles to which people are actually exposed in their daily lives, and the human health risks for source-specific PM, a real world assessment of the source-to-receptor pathways for ambient PM is vital. This was accomplished using a unique mobile air research laboratory (AirCARE1) which enables inhalation exposure studies in real-world settings. The overall goal of this study was to determine the effects of concentrated air particulates (CAPs) from 2 different urban atmospheres in Michigan on the lungs of ovalbumin-sensitized rats concurrently challenged with the allergen. Our work demonstrated that short-term (8 hours) exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μ m; PM2.5) concentrated from 2 different urban atmospheres in Michigan induced distinct allergic responses in the lungs of rats. This paper presents detailed characterization of CAPs and their sources in an effort to define possible associations between the observed health effects and source-specific ambient PM2.5. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology is a central issue for the global climate change problem, requiring analysis tools that can examine the impact of specific technologies within a long-term, global context. This paper describes the architecture of the ObjECTS-MiniCAM integrated assessment model, which implements a long-term, global model of energy, economy, agriculture, land-use, atmosphere, and climate change in a framework that allows the flexible incorporation of explicit technology detail. We describe the implementation of a "bottom-up" representation of the transportation sector as an illustration of this approach, in which the resulting hybrid model is fully integrated, internally consistent and theoretically compatible with the regional and global modeling framework. The analysis of the transportation sector presented here supports and clarifies the need for a comprehensive strategy promoting advanced vehicle technologies and an economy-wide carbon policy to cost-effectively reduce carbon emissions from the transportation sector in the long-term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flow of carbon dioxide through the atmosphere is a complex system because it consists of several cycles; e.g., through the biosphere which produces and consumes it, and through the Earth's water surfaces which absorb and emit it. These processes are dependent on temperature but their reactions to temperature have different signs. Temperature rise promotes both the consumption and the production of carbon dioxide by the biosphere but liberates carbon dioxide from water surfaces. This paper offers a comprehensive review of the behaviour of these processes. It considers these flows and assesses observations of the movement of carbon dioxide to and from the atmosphere. The disturbance of the natural cycle by current anthropogenic emissions is used as an instrument to throw light on what is actually happening to cause alteration to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. Also, these considerations are used in attempts to model the processes with mathematical equations derived from physics and biology. It is concluded that it is not possible to decide on a preferred mathematical model because the disturbing signal is still too low in comparison to the observed natural variation in the system. Hence, the use of existing models of the system would have high uncertainty if extrapolated to higher concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Lastly it is suggested that the consideration only of human emissions, neglecting the possibility of other natural sources contributing to the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, may lead to erroneous calculations of the involved flow rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pressure refers to a force exerted on humans, objects, and ecosystems that prevents or facilitates the flow and growth of things, movements, bodies, and ideas. Cuba has to cope with a lot of pressure due to the collapse of the tourist industry in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, an aging infrastructure, a malfunctioning system, and the long-lasting U.S. embargo. I propose to think through pressure in order to highlight some of the strategies adopted by people and other organisms to deal with or lower the pressure felt in their daily life. In reflecting on the current Cuban economic, social and humanitarian crisis, I aim at catching the pulse of the moment to shift the crisis-based discourse to one based on pressure. I focus on two types of pressure – air and blood – to think through the pulse of the post-COVID Cuban crisis. Pressure allows for a cross-sectorial and multi-scalar understanding of the connections between how people live and how they strive to develop coping mechanisms to face pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A chamber to house two marmosets in a space-simulated environment was built and tested. The chamber was used in three experiments of two weeks duration each to study changes in the oral microflora of marmosets exposed to an atmosphere of 70% oxygen and 30% nitrogen at 5 psi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creating a creative atmosphere (CA) is the core value of creative tourism. The purpose of this study is conceptualize a construct of CA in "creative tourism destinations," as well as to establish a set of reliable and valid measurement tools. In Study 1, we generated initial items through in-depth interviews and content analysis. In Study 2, we collected the first sample and investigated scale factor structure through exploratory factor analysis to obtain five factors: novel atmosphere, joyful atmosphere, artistic atmosphere, hedonic atmosphere, and distinctive atmosphere. A second sample was collected in Study 3 to verify the reliability of the CA scale with confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. This process netted 23 items. A major contribution of this study is to develop a multidimensional scale for CA consisting of the five factors—novel atmosphere, pleasurable atmosphere, artistic atmosphere, hedonic atmosphere, and distinctive atmosphere. The results of this study can be applied as a reference measurement tool for designing creative tourism at tourist destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The post-Bionian paradigm in psychoanalysis invites us to listen to the session as a waking-dream-thought where unconscious-thinking-in progress is continuous. The hypothesis put forward here and illustrated using clinical material is that we can use the notion of day's residues as a metaphor to refer to the incoming narrative of the patient. Whatever the patient brings to the session can be conceived as "day's residues" in that they are potential instigators of waking-dream-thought in the session. This metaphor helps the analyst place brackets around the outside of the session, deconcretizing what apparently are hard facts, so that immediate contact is made to create a shared perspective, possibly producing in this session "food" for the mind. To create the waking-dream-thought of the session, the analyst may consider listening to the incoming narrative as a metaphor. This is not a new or different concept but a particular kind of elaboration on the metaphoric stance taken by psychoanalysts of all stripes; it is an elaboration that expands the ways we can describe the session and narrow the gap between talking about the session and the experience of the session itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How do residents on the socioeconomic margins of the city experience and perceive atmosphere? How does the concept of atmosphere change when we write it from a context of impoverished and stigmatized residents? Drawing on research in neighborhoods near Mumbai's largest garbage ground, Deonar, we seek to advance a growing body of work on urban atmosphere. We examine how atmosphere operates materially and affectively through different and changing relations between air, waste, work, environment, and social conditions. The accounts from residents revolve around a set of recurring issues – health, smell, fire, and stagnant and contaminated water – through which different perceptions of atmosphere take shape. This reading both informs the pluralization and extension of understandings of atmosphere, from questions of health and bodily damage to social anxieties linked to stigma, and reveals atmosphere as an index of poverty and inequality. We argue for the value of a research focus on "perceptions of atmosphere" as part of a situated geography of atmosphere on the margins, and as a basis for understanding urban poverty, inequalities, and politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is focusing on ultra-short term wind prediction, using the wind speed of so called "leading turbine" as a reference to calculate the distribution wind speed in a wind farm, where the leading turbine is the first one to contact the wind determined by relative location of every turbine in wind farm. Then wake effect, time-lag effect and dynamic relative locations algorithms are introduced and integrated into the calculation to get every input wind speed of remained wind turbines. The illustrative cases take a wind farm in China as study subject to forecast wind speed of every wind turbine based on actual captured data of "leading turbine". Then the comparison demonstrates difference of selected turbine's time-varying wind speed and power output in wind farm estimated by wake effect factor and time-lag effect factor. The conclusion reflects feature that wake effect will reduce power output and time-lag effect will smooth power output. At last we transform the integrated wind speed prediction results into the total power output data, and compare it with actual captured output power data of wind farm, the result shows that the accurate and rapid calculation method based on dynamic relative location of turbines in wind farm is authentic and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was targeted to develop design strategies and methods by testing the complex interplay between the dynamics of daylight and electrical lighting in an office. The double dynamic lighting design concept is based on the idea of adding task lighting, with a directionality referring to the daylight inflow and a variation on direct/diffuse lighting and respective changes in colour temperature respond to sky conditions and daylight levels. The experiment was conducted in an office space at Aalborg University in Copenhagen from September to December 2019. Four participants moved in and worked in the office with four-week periods of respective standard static lighting as a baseline, and dynamic lighting. In a parallel mixed method approach with interviews and questionnaires, the dynamic lighting was compared to the baseline and to a control group. The results indicate that the dynamic lighting periods had a positive effect on visual comfort, perceived atmosphere and work engagement. The studies helped to develop the definition of five dynamic light settings. Seasonal changes, time of day, dynamic sunscreens and individual needs for task lighting can be implemented in future field experiments as additional dynamic parameters to meet individual needs and circadian potentials for double dynamic light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To ensure the accuracy of self-reported data, it is important to reduce potential sources of bias such as the unwanted influence of prior questions on subsequent questions, the so-called item context effect. This article attempts to replicate the finding that evaluative subjective well-being was affected by a preceding item, a question about the political atmosphere in the country; it also examines manipulations that could mitigate the impact of the context-inducing item on well-being. Study 1 used a sample of 4,500 participants recruited from Amazon's Mechanical Turk; it examined the effect of three manipulations based on adding buffer questions or adding text to reorient participants' attention. A context effect was found, and one manipulation mitigated the context effect. Study 2 used a nationally representative sample (n = 906); it only replicated the context effect. These results reaffirm the importance of carefully considering item context effects in survey research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the atmospheric qualities of illuminated space, grounding notions of affect in investigating the longstanding autumnal event of Blackpool Illuminations. I consider the affective qualities of lighting before discussing the 'atmosphere' of the Illuminations. I critically explore the division between affect and emotion, the insistence on affect's precognitive qualities, and the notion that affective atmospheres produce a 'mute attunement' to place. In foregrounding the dense social production of atmosphere at Blackpool Illuminations, I highlight the flow of affect and emotion in place, show how lighting is ideally constituted to blur divisions between the representational and nonrepresentational, identify the anticipation of affect, and demonstrate that affective atmospheres are coproduced by visitors as part of a reiterative, festive, convivial, and playful social practice in familiar space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects on energy and environment which is focused at the controversies associated with global warming. She pointed out that more remedies deal with the climate threat and clamor for daily attention as global warming combat combined with alarm over energy security. She suggested that major decisions on carbon markets and energy investments should be made against the tensions between developed and developing nations. She added that further discussion for the atmosphere is possible.

A new publication by NOAA (US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) claims to have removed the previously evident discrepancies between mean global temperature anomalies measured on the surface and those measured in the lower troposphere. It claims that a combination of attention to inaccuracies and the use of linear regression equations on selected climate sequences have removed these discrepancies. This paper shows that these claims are untrue. The apparent agreement of the two sets of records for the chosen sequences is dependent on the enhanced influence of volcanoes and El Niño events in the lower troposphere, compared with an additional warming factor on the surface. If a temperature sequence comparatively free from these influences, (1979 -1997) is chosen, there is no significant warming in the lower atmosphere for six of the seven records, and for the seventh, no significant warming between 1988 and 1997; whereas warming still prevails on the surface over these periods. The supposed enhanced greenhouse effect is thus currently undetectable in the lower atmosphere, where it is supposed to be most prominent, for extended periods, so the warming on the surface over these periods must have some other cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the influence and dynamics of technological change in the Innovation Modeling Comparison Project (IMCP) for atmospheric stabilization. Technological advance is a product of distinct forces typically classified into public and private sector knowledge investment or learning by searching, and applied learning by doing. The IMCP project represents a first systematic attempt to assess and compare the progress made through different modeling approaches, and to offer some insights into what this may mean for the strategic economics of tackling the long-term challenge in the energy sector. The goal of the project is to transform the energy systems in ways that could stabilize the atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide.

The street has a long and distinguished pedigree in criminology as a site of human sociability, transgression and spontaneity. Recent scholarship in legal studies has, however, explored the role that non-human actors play in the normative ordering of urban life. These interventions suggest the need for criminologists of the street to take seriously not only the experiential foreground of crime but also its background. In this article, we seek to bring these traditions into dialogue through engagement with the concept of 'atmosphere' – a place-based mood or spatialised feeling that blends human and non-human elements, and has the capacity to act in a quasi-agentic manner. Drawing on an experiment in 'atmospheric methods' conducted during Hong Kong's pro-democracy Umbrella Movement, in which some of the city's central streets were occupied for 79 days, we seek to demonstrate that the analytics of 'atmosphere' offers a unique conceptual approach to urban life and street crime in the contemporary age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iceland attracted international attention when its national football team qualified for the 2018 Men's World Cup. This surprise qualification made Iceland the smallest nation to qualify in the 88-year history of the prestigious competition. During the World Cup, life in Iceland seemed to center on the Icelandic team and attract interest and attention from almost every Icelander. But how widespread was the national interest in Iceland's participation and did the inclusion of Iceland in the competition have any positive social/psychological impact on individuals and/or Icelandic society? Questionnaire data from a sample of the Icelandic population show that there was extensive interest among Icelanders in the participation of the Icelandic team in the World Cup. The findings further show that Iceland's participation positively affected the mood of Icelanders and created a positive atmosphere among the Icelandic nation, as well as some critical attitudes, at least for the short term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues that high-rise residential projects—a dominant form of contemporary cities—are playing a pivotal role in generating new urban experience for city dwellers. Drawing on an affect-based research approach, we empirically examine high-rise residential projects built from 1998 to 2016 in two medium-size cities in central Israel. We address three moments of new affective experience of residents: (1) the view and the practice of viewing; (2) bodies and sound; and (3) bodies becoming a body. The article contributes a conceptual shift to urban planning for studying present-day urban experience. Accordingly, it derives insights to better understand contemporary socio-spatial relations in cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This 40-day diary tracks the ordinary effects of self-isolation and quarantine on a small island off the British Columbia coast. Drawing on reflections on the emotional and embodied dimensions of self-isolation, and on observations of the effects of physical distancing in public spaces, the writing paints a picture of COVID-19 as atmospheric dis-ease. Whereas disease is sickness and disorder, dis-ease is a social malaise infecting the body public via atmospheric contagion. Atmospheric disease, it is argued, is a shared mode of attention and a mix of effects permeating a place with the diffused rhythms, shared sensations, contagious moods, and common orientations typical of self-isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atmosphere is a neglected topic in social work, and so this article considers the production of atmospheres amongst the residents of an extant 1960s housing scheme in Edinburgh (UK). This is in order to address not only the complexity of feelings about living on such an estate but also to consider what consequences the paying of attention to atmosphere's production and effects might have for a social work concern with welfare and wellbeing. The article is based upon semi-structured and walking interviews with 17 residents – council or private renters and home-owners – of Claremont Court, a mixed, low-rise estate and analyses their description and crafting of atmosphere as a way to understand questions of belonging, welfare and community in situ. After reviewing some existing research on atmosphere and outlining methodological issues relating to the Claremont Court project, the article goes on to consider how residents described their feelings about or sense of the estate and its design before discussing the emergence of contradictory narratives about home. The production of narratives about those needing welfare support is particularly pertinent to atmospheric accounts of the housing scheme, and so the article addresses this before finally making an argument for the relevance of immersive and emplaced accounts of space and place for both social work practice and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses atmosphere theory to describe the revolutionary events on Ukraine's Maidan Nezalezhnosti as they unfolded from November 2013 to February 2014. Like other recent occupation movements (Tahrir Square, Gezi Park, Zuccotti Park), the Maidan protestors created a vast infrastructure that supported large-scale protest and daily life on the square. I argue that atmosphere, or the feeling of place, was important to the makeup of Maidan. Like other occupation movements, Maidan became a "world" unto itself because it generated unique feelings that held the place together. Drawing on atmosphere theorists Peter Sloterdijk and Gernot Böhme, I describe the atmospheres of Maidan, show how these atmospheres were generated, and then describe how these atmospheres influenced the course of the revolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have studied here the wet/dry cyclic corrosion behaviour of V-N-0.8Cr weathering steel and compared with a reference steel (Q345B) in 0.01 mol/L NaHSO3 simulated industrial atmosphere. The study indicated that the coherent protective oxide layer formed in the surface of V-N-0.8Cr microalloyed weathering steel, contained corrosion resistant alloying elements (Cr, Ni, Cu, P, Mo). The addition of Cr significantly inhibited the corrosion of weathering steel. The corrosion rate of V-N-0.8Cr and Q345B steel after 360 h corrosion were 1.60 g/(h·cm2) and 2.42 g/(h·cm2) respectively. The major corrosion products in both the steels mainly constituted of α-FeOOH and γ- FeOOH and Fe3O4. The stratification of the corrosion layer evolved into a dual-layer structure, where the outer layer was dense and the inner layer was a loose and porous structure in V-N-0.8Cr weathering steel. This is different from previous studies. Cr tends to be concentrated in the inner corrosion layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the absence of an agreed definition of urban violence, this article suggests that exploring the violence-security nexus in the context of planetary urbanisation provides some necessary steps for theorisation. Moving from the analytical toward the conceptual, we offer three conceptual shifts, intended as steps toward a theory of urban violence: first, from violence in the city to violence in/of/through an age of planetary urbanisation; second, beyond the dichotomous thinking about the violence-security nexus; third, from manifestations of violence in the city to the 'threshold' (of visibility) beyond which a city is understood, and depicted, as violent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conversation with Lauren Berlant begins with reflections on the experimental form of her new, collaborative book The Hundreds (with Kathleen Stewart, 2019) and on worlding imaginaries. Berlant elaborates on the genre of the theoretical poem, how it came into being, and how it works. She reveals her creative politics of theory-making, processes of generating theory from everyday observations as well as from numerous and heterogenous sources she has been 'thinking with'. Images – including the dialectical image and the elaborative ekphrasis – are discussed as triggers in the process of writing. As such, they open up a potentially revolutionary elsewhere that is so central to queer and Marxist theory and aesthetics, as well as to Berlant's version of affect theory, and her affective realism. Towards the end of the discussion, Berlant praises the loss of our 'footing in the world' which might be for the benefit of a commitment to change, and offers an engagement in making another kind of world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the distribution of radionuclides from uranium mine tail gas into the surface atmosphere is one way of dealing with radioactive pollution, but the factors affecting the concentration distribution are considered insufficiently studied. This article looks into the structural characteristics of the exhaust shaft of a uranium mine and studied the effect of the cross-sectional shape (square or round) on radionuclide concentrations. We used numerical simulation to verify the significance and clarity of the impact. The results show that, without considering the terrain, the radionuclide concentration distribution is not sensitive to wind direction at different heights, regardless of exhaust shaft shape. There are 2–5 times more radionuclides discharged from the round exhaust shaft as the square shaft, and the difference increases with height. The concentration exceeds the maximum dose requirement until approximately 500 m downwind when the square exhaust shaft is used, while it is at least 1000 m with the round exhaust shaft. These conclusions imply that the structural features of the exhaust shafts, especially the cross-sectional shape, should be given high priority during construction, and the structure of the exhaust shafts should not be neglected or oversimplified in the study of similar problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]