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This paper is concerned with the rescaling of environmental governance, and with the social construction of environmental and governance scales in particular. With the aid of case-study data from Canada, it is argued that watersheds, as particular forms of rescaled environmental governance, have increased in popularity because of their status as boundary objects: that is, a common concept interpreted differently by different groups. The paper shows how particular features of the watershed approach-namely, their physical size and the shared discursive framings they employ ('stakeholder' and 'integration')- make the watershed concept both cohesive enough to travel among different epistemic communities, and plastic enough to be interpreted and used differently within them. As such, it is suggested that the trend of the uptake of the so-called 'watershed approach' reflects and is shaped by ideologies underpinned by three different, and occasionally competing, epistemic communities: the scientific, neoliberal, and grassroots communities. These arguments corroborate constructivist accounts of the political nature of boundary drawing, bring science into discussion on the relationship between neoliberalism and public participation, and contribute to environmental governance literatures by providing an alternative explanation for the uptake of watersheds in recent decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a summary of recent changes to the legal, regulatory and policy environment affecting generic pharmaceutical manufacturers operating in the Canadian market. It provides a top-line overview of the Canadian pharmaceutical market in terms of generic market share by dollar value and prescriptions filled, and growth in both of those key indicators. This paper describes changes brought into force in October 2006 to regulations of Canada's Patent Act that attempt to limit ‘evergreening’ tactics employed by brand-name drug manufacturers to delay market entry of competing generic products, changes to regulations of Canada's Food and Drugs Act that provide new brand-name pharmaceutical products with eight years of data exclusivity (plus six-month paediatric exclusivity) and the response of the Canadian Generic Pharmaceutical Association (CGPA) to these regulatory changes. This paper also outlines changes to pricing and reimbursement rules for generic pharmaceutical products that are being implemented in the two largest Canadian jurisdictions of Ontario and Québec.Journal of Generic Medicines (2008) 5, 167–174. doi:10.1057/jgm.2008.1; published online 5 February 2008 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]