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The text discusses various books that explore the relationship between urban environments and nature, focusing on topics such as rivers, street trees, and urban green spaces. Authors like Martin Knoll, Sonja Dümpelmann, Kristin Poling, and Flavia Alice Mameli et al. analyze how cities interact with nature, the impact of scientific expertise on policymaking, and the role of citizen participation in shaping urban spaces. These books provide insights into the historical, cultural, and social dimensions of urban nature, highlighting the complexities of governance, citizen empowerment, and environmental sustainability in urban settings. [Extracted from the article]

This article focuses on Major Gualberto Villarroel's dictatorship in Bolivia (1943-1946), his murder, and the reanimation of his memory as a Bolivian national hero by the MNR party or Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (Nationalist Revolutionary Movement). This nationalist party forged out of the crucible of the Chaco War, between Bolivia and Paraguay during 1932-1935, was an important factor in Bolivian politics throughout the twentieth century and initially came to power through an urban insurrection in April 1952. The article specifically uses the case of Gualberto Villarroel to explore why some national heroes are missing from the La Paz cemetery, how the MNR chose to commemorate the Revolution of 1952 and Villarroel's martyrdom for the MNR in 1946, and how the MNR used those events to colonize urban space, to shape collective memory, and to silence popular historical actors. The MNR's choice in making Villarroel a martyr required a revision of historical reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using grief as a node of beginning, this paper considers how all qualitative writing is an intra-action through which the process of engaging with one's memory, remembering, and collective memory co-constitutes subjectivities and agency within and across the writing process. Therefore, this paper argues that through writing qualitatively, both the author, as well as broader sociopolitical norms and values be and become in ways that are worth our attention and intention as researchers and participants in local and less local contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kate Charlesworth's graphic narrative Sensible Footwear: A Girl's Guide (2019), part memoir and part documentary of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex life and activism in the United Kingdom from 1950 to 2019, remembers the time when the LGBTQI+ and feminist movements met and influenced each other deeply, namely in lesbian feminism of the 1970s and 1980s. Drawing on feminist historiography and memory studies, this article discusses the role the figure of the lesbian has played in the collective memory of lesbian feminism. With a focus on the expressive capacities of comics, it examines how the work revisits this figure at a time when women's and LGBTQI+ rights face a backlash led by anti-gender campaigners, some of whom draw on discourses associated with lesbian feminism. It concludes that the work challenges dominant narratives about the relationship between lesbian, queer, and trans feminism and enables a reconsideration of these movements as parts of a common political project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I engage in a discourse analysis of National Geographic's docuseries "9/11: One Day in America" to argue that the series' multi-layered effort at commemoration, geared as a long-awaited "full" telling of the 9/11 story, but committed to honoring a specific group of victims and survivors, is enabled by a disorienting temporality that raises questions about the role of national memorials and archives at this moment. Temporality is essential to the development of narrative, and with narrative a central element in the making of memory worlds, temporality cannot be underestimated as a key factor in how memories take shape. "One Day" depends on structural instantiations of time to develop its narrative as authentic memory, reflecting a paradoxical linear yet circular pattern that simultaneously authenticates and undermines the veracity of the story it tells. "One Day" transports viewers into lower Manhattan and through the events of 9/11 via a vividly illustrated timeline. But while a linear version of time in "One Day" supports the telling of survivor stories and the memorialization of the dead, the overarching effect of the timeline for viewers is circular, transporting viewers back in time to 2001 and a state of fear and confusion, forcing collective memory to exist in a repetitive temporality that excuses a turn away from history and consequences. The resulting circular mechanism for commemoration allows cultural institutions, like the ones represented in "One Day," to emphasize the past at the expense of more critical understandings of both history and the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memoricide, it seems, is memory made rubble and ash. Its emblematic imagery is of scenes many would find familiar: burning ash-snow from Sarajevo's Vijecnica ; satellite images of Palmyra's missing structures; the exploding Bamiyan Buddhas. Physically altering space is understandably a highly visible tactic. However, when explicitly built into definitions, the emphasis on physical destruction has been on specific forms targeted: archival institutions, monuments, memorials and heritage sites. This article revisits memoricide as a range of converging physical, social and discursive strategies. It introduces 'everyday' memoricide – the normalisation of memory erasure as mundane practices – which ordinarily masks its intelligibility as memoricide through 'common sense' or 'greater good' discursive frames. The sacred Djab Wurrung trees, threatened by the Victorian State Government's Western Highway project, and a felled Directions Tree in particular, provide a still unfolding case study within the broader history of Australian memoricide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While it is commonly accepted that forgetting may serve to accomplish worthwhile goals, relevant social technologies require detailed analysis. We examined the literature on the social practices of the collective inhibition of unwanted memories. Complimenting the term 'sites of memory' introduced by Nora, we applied the term 'sites of oblivion' to the areas intentionally designed to protect visitors from specific unwanted memories associated with the disturbing affect. This study proposed a preliminary classification of the 'sites of oblivion'. This analysis identified four qualitatively distinct social politics aimed at evoking the transformation of existing sites of memory into memory-inhibiting areas. Each of these politics employs a specific psychological mechanism of memory inhibition and varies with concrete strategies to achieve the goal of not remembering. These basic high-level forgetting politics include: exploiting the natural fragility of human activity traces or destroying memorial sites, including various forms of ignoring (the 'no traces' politic); retracting attention from memory triggers to other intense stimuli (the 'switching memory to' politic); recasting 'sites of memory' into 'sites of oblivion' through functional replacement or reconceptualisation, including renaming (the 'recasting' politic); and the politic of 'hyper-evocation', that is, decreasing the probability of recall outside of memorial sites by rising the threshold of mnemonic response to those reminders that are weaker than hyper-reminders. The psychological mechanisms underlying the inhibitory mnemonic effect of 'sites of oblivion' are as follows: Pavlovian extinction, attention deployment, Pavlovian re-conditioning and Pavlovian discrimination, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few decades, the Ruhr Area in Germany has undergone a structural transformation that changed the landscapes of its towns and cities. Nowadays, the remnants of heavy industry are integral parts of urban semiotics articulating the cities' industrial "soul" and heritage. In this paper, we illustrate how an analysis of residual industrial structures opens up ways of thinking about reinvented spaces that anchor cultural memory, regional identity and nostalgia. Our analytical focus is the Winding Tower of Shaft 12, preserved at Zollverein UNESCO World Heritage Site in Essen – a landmark called the "Eiffel Tower of the Ruhr Area". Our semiotic landscape study is inspired by the framework of multimodality. We trace the industrial Tower resemiotized and remediated into visuals and material artefacts (e.g. art, logos, objects). We show how the Tower emerges as post-industrial capital which carries on the reinvention ideas and ideals that fabricate the area's symbolic economy, allowing people to continue consuming its authenticity. Ultimately, we demonstrate how this specific example of resemiotized industrial structures has a key multimodal role in the construction and consumption of the city (image). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the 1980s, Catholic dissidents in Slovakia constructed divergent modes of moral reasoning. While national democratic Catholic dissidents looked to universal Catholic morality, nationalist Catholic dissidents anchored their moral reasoning in nationalized ethics. Their respective modes of moral reasoning were crucially formed in the making of national Catholic memory. If both appreciated Slovak sovereignty, the former prioritized democracy, human rights, and dialogue across religious and ethnic divides, the latter national independence over democracy. This in turn determined how and when they pursued Slovak cultural and political sovereignty across the boundary of 1989. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates how two Communist forced labour camps, Belene in Bulgaria and Goli Otok in Croatia, became sites of memory and remain icons of political repression and state-organized torture. The article discusses how the public memory of the two camps has been shaped through vivid depictions in former inmates' memoirs and in works of fiction. It analyzes recent debates about the preservation and institutionalization of these sites of memory and about what, whom, and how to commemorate. As a further step, it investigates how the camp sites have attracted visitors interested in so-called dark tourism. The article explores the creation of a literary tradition of memory by tracing the writings that have helped to establish Belene and Goli Otok as sites of memory of political repression in Bulgaria and Croatia, and it examines the processes involved in the construction of the physical sites as heritage sites and tourist attractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Post-Communist memory politics has occupied a highly disputed symbolic position ever since the Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia. This article presents the case of Czech student leaders of the revolution, especially Monika Pajerová (since 2002 Monika MacDonagh-Pajerová), who co-organized the 17 November 1989 demonstration that initiated the fall of the Communist regime. It focuses on the social and political movement "Thank You and Goodbye!" ("Děkujeme, odejděte!") organized by the same students in 1999. The article analyzes this particular moment as a turning point in post-Communist development: the students' genuine concerns and their sincere analysis of the democrats' own shortcomings in and after 1989 created the background for a new ideology of anti-Communist remembrance that would become prevalent in the Czech public sphere in the 2010s. The post-Communist regime's refusal to integrate the Communist period as a legitimate part of national history prevented the building of an appeased democratic society. It was the original sin of the post-Communist regime, one that would create the need to rewrite the national script concerning Communist history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This collaborative autoethnography invited and engaged 16 participants in a workshop to both explore and embody autoethnography as communal activity. Working in four groups, each group determined a prompt for reflection and remembrance, writing individually and sharing communally their diverse but interlocking cultural memory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How is the electoral behavior of minorities shaped by past violence? Recent studies found that displacement increases hostility between perpetrators and displaced individuals, but there has been paltry research on members of surviving communities. We argue that the latter exhibit the opposite pattern because of their different condition. Violence will cause cross-generational vulnerability, fear and risk-aversion—leading the surviving communities to seek protection and avoid conflict by signalling loyalty and rejecting nationalist movements. In their situation as an excluded minority in the perpetrators' state, they will be more likely to vote for out-group parties. Exploiting exogenous battlefield dynamics that created inter-regional variation in the Palestinian exodus (1947–1949), microlevel measurements that capture the damage of violence, and an original longitudinal data set, we show that Palestinian villages in Israel more severely impacted by the 1948 war have a much higher vote share to Jewish parties even 70 years later. Survey evidence further supports our theory, revealing that this pattern exists only for members of the surviving communities, and not among displaced individuals. The findings shed new light on the complex social relations that guide political decision-making in post-war settings and divided societies that suffer from protracted conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If Gaelic has been symbolically appropriated to represent Scotland, then it follows that we need to look more closely at the part played by documentary film both of and from the Scottish Hebrides, in furthering the dissemination of what is an idealised and contested identity. As documentary is a negotiated contract between the producer and those they 'represent', the discussion needs to consider whether the representation of a Hebridean identity, and by extension a mythical Scottish identity, is constructed by the filmmaker, and if so, how filmic constraints and practices inform this representation. Within this framework is an acknowledgement of the extent to which Hebridean identity has been mediated by books, photographs and films for the past 300 years. This article will deliver the findings of a research project undertaken in the in the Outer Hebrides (also known as the Western Isles and Lewis & Harris). The research investigates the extent to which interviewees themselves collude with documentary makers in presenting a view of the Gael that reflects the Gaelic-speaker's own self-assigned role as guardian of the land and traditions. As this research marries practice with research, it will present it in a semi-autobiographical style. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tramway of Turku was closed in 1972. The last tram rides were memorable public events where the tramcars got a floral tribute and people came to say farewell. This article concentrates on the urban cultural memory of the tram after the closure and is now an integral part of the city's urban culture and identity. The Museum Centre of Turku holds many tram-related materials and has published research on the history of the tram, but it does not have premises for a continuing exhibition, so keeping the memory alive has been up to private citizens, civic activity, and political activism. The tram was photographed by professional and private photographers, which has enabled a rich visual heritage that has been used in various ways. At the present, the memories affect the planning of a possible new tram, although how the old tram relates to future plans, remains complicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In December 2020, Major League Baseball announced a decision to formally include records of Negro League Baseball games as 'official' Major League status. Against the backdrop of widespread protests for social justice and discourses surrounding racial reckoning occurring during that same year, the decision garnered heightened importance given baseball's symbolic resonance within US public culture. This essay asserts this decision, and the coverage it received among prominent sports outlets, reveal a rhetorical hierarchy wherein "Major League Baseball" status serves to legitimize the historical contributions of Negro League players via an act of statistical integration. In granting official "Major League" status to the Negro Leagues, Major League Baseball operates from a position of institutional legitimacy, statistically integrating the Negro Leagues via an act of mortification. Ultimately this serves to rhetorically construct a post-racial history of the game and reassert the legitimacy of baseball's statistical record. The implications of this analysis for scholars of sport, rhetoric, and public memory are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines centenarian memoirs as a popular cultural phenomenon and through it the promises of post-reform vernacular history. The argument posits that these memoirs are a genre that has been commercially successful through their transformation of self and historical narratives in the People's Republic of China, in particular, the transformation of these memoirs from vestiges of state-cultivated intellectual confessions to vernacular cultural memories in the popular print market. Focusing on celebrated centenary memoir writers centring on Yang Jiang, the study develops Chen Sihe's conception of the vernacular, emphasising its shifting intersection with the political–institutional and the intellectual elite. The popular historiography emerging from these trans-generational memory "fevers" reveals vanishing modern Chinese intellectual values percolating through the vernacular ethos in the cultural industries of the early twenty-first century. The vernacular has been the post-reform locus for contesting and retaining critical intellectual traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I discuss how children and grandchildren of North Korean war refugees who were displaced during the Korean War construct identity and belonging in relation to their North Korean heritage. Drawing from the concept of postmemory, I examine how their northern heritage is experienced, constructed, mediated, and even solidified across generations who did not directly experience the Korean War. Unlike existing literature that predominantly focuses on the traumatic aspects of postmemory, I found that one's construction of postmemory also encompasses positive family memories. These affirming memories exist alongside traumatic ones, countering the overdetermined paradigm of trauma across memory studies. Thus, I propose alternative ways of remembering that capture a nuanced understanding of how the second and third generations construct positive postmemories alongside the traumatic memories of their ancestors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research presents three archival studies conducted on three different databases, on the location of memorials. Study 1 compares French monuments dedicated to the Wars of 1870–1871 (defeat) and 1914–1918 (victory). We note a proportionally greater presence in public spaces of monuments dedicated to the 1914–1918 War. Study 2 concerns the memorials to political repression in the Russian Federation, erected before and after 1991 (date of promulgation of a victim rehabilitation law). Results show an increase of presence of monuments in the public space starting from 1991. Study 3 concerns the location of monuments dedicated to the Second World War in the Russian Federation. No significant variation in the locations of these monuments is observed between 1951 and 2010. The results of these studies suggest that the location of monuments could be a relevant indicator to assess the way a society views a commemorated event at a given moment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the discursive strategies of the Turkish Jewish community of Çanakkale to make sense of their troubled memories resulting in a mass emigration. Considering the emphasis on silence in the present literature on the memory practices of the Jewish community, I argue that they do not simply avoid facing the past but rather refer to nostalgia as a complementary, proactive strategy. My analysis is based on the memoirs and impressions of the individual members who took part in the annual visit to Çanakkale to highlight the role of nostalgia between silence and speaking out. The critical discourse analysis of the narratives published in the newsweekly Şalom reveals that nostalgia emerges as a silence-breaker. In addition to the constructive strategy of presenting the discourses of coexistence and good-neighborhood embodied in a distinctive local identity, they propose a strategy of dismantling the figures that challenge the former by de-ethnicizing them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informed by Irving Horowitz's view of the Festschrift, this article adopts both a retrospective and a prospective approach to the work of the sociologist Bridget Fowler. On the one hand, it assesses some of the key characteristics and contributions of her three single-authored books: The Alienated Reader: Women and Popular Romantic Literature in the Twentieth Century (1991), Pierre Bourdieu and Cultural Theory (1997) and The Obituary as Collective Memory (2007). On the other, it takes cues from these books to develop a more forward-looking type of reflection that connects some recent sociological and anthropological research on 'the neoliberal university' to writing about hope and utopia. The article emphasises that Fowler is attentive not only to processes of social reproduction but also to what John Holloway terms 'cracks in the texture of domination', that is, to examples of freedom, resistance and the imagination of alternatives in popular culture and elsewhere. At the same time, it shows how thinking about utopia and hope can contribute to debates about 'the alienated academic' and the 'death' of universities. The article concludes that Fowler's sociology is, alongside its many other qualities, a valuable contribution to 're-learning hope', arguably one of the most important challenges facing us today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing works on the sources of secessionist agitations in postcolonial Africa tend to be methodologically nationalist but also circumvent the diasporic dimension. Particularly, the resurgent ethnic separatism amongst Igbos in southeastern Nigeria has been predominantly analysed from the theoretical standpoints of relative marginalisation and material deprivation that focus on domestic politics in post-war Nigeria. We broaden this literature by underscoring the diasporic dimension of this secessionist conflict. Drawing on the literature on diaspora nationalism with a focus on the case of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB)—a transnational separatist movement—we reveal evidence showing how the Igbo diaspora instigate and exacerbate separatist tensions in the homeland by reviving collective memories of the macabre Nigeria-Biafra war (1967–1970) and reimagining alternative political futures for ethnic Igbos devoid of the state's grand narratives of nationhood. We contend that the diasporic dimension is profoundly critical to comprehending separatist agitations in southeastern Nigeria with implications for wider postcolonial African contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collective memories support collective identities and provide lessons for group members to manage present challenges. Three surveys (total N = 1,137) tested whether U.S. nationals who strongly identify with all humanity (IWAH) were more interested in learning about pandemics in history as events that affected the whole world (Study 1) and more knowledgeable about past pandemics (Studies 2a and 2b). Stronger IWAH predicted greater interest in learning about past pandemics, but not greater knowledge of these events. Further, while IWAH was a consistent predictor of support for global cooperation for pandemic preparedness and, to a lesser extent, of compliance with COVID-19 health-protective behaviors, knowledge of past pandemics contributed modestly to these outcomes. These findings suggest that while past pandemics have the potential to become global memories, they are not yet actual global memories that inform a sense of global human identity and offer courses of action for the present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article summarizes the results of a doctoral thesis based on the psychosocial perspective and was justified by the indigenous presence in the city and the lack of public policies that respond to the real demands of the population. It aimed to investigate who the indigenous people are in an urban context and how historical memory is present in the construction of their identity, identifying them as a tool of resistance to colonization. Based on the Participation-Action-Research, the sources of information were field diaries and interviews with three indigenous representatives from two organized groups. From the Constructive-Interpretive Analysis, it can be concluded that the historical memory is configured as a tool in which it expands the identity dimension, making it possible to recognize oneself as an indigenous person from the historical records of memory, favoring the strengthening and resistance in the face of violence experienced in everyday life. In addition, the importance of collective spaces for strengthening the subject was evident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The materialist conception of art understands art in relation to the material conditions within and by which art is produced and consumed. For cultural psychology, the materialist conception of art has been useful for developing insights into how individual perceptions are shaped, and are shaped by, culture as a collectively produced and historically embedded site of meaning-making. However, in much of cultural psychology, the relationship between progressive politics and the materialist conception of art remains under-appreciated. In this article, I consider how cultural psychologists might strengthen this relation through artistic shock, that is, a subjective, perceptual, and/or historiographical rupture brought about through the experience of art. In particular, I outline how Bertolt Brecht and Walter Benjamin theorised and practiced artistic shock, and examine what the work of these thinkers could mean for cultural psychologists working with political collectives to grapple with psychopolitical questions related to subjectivity, contradiction, and memory. I conclude by reflecting on how future work that seeks to politicise cultural psychology might engage with the materialist conception of art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the threefold categorisation of memory as antagonistic, cosmopolitan and agonistic, proposed by Anna Cento Bull and Hans Hansen, the article examines contemporary memory activism in the Republic of Moldova and how it contributes to creating historical narratives. Through an analysis of two memory initiatives, namely 'The Last Address' and 'Stolpersteine', designed to memorialise victims of Soviet repression and atrocities committed by the Romanian and Nazi German forces, respectively, the article uncovers the many challenges facing memory activists in Moldova where there is limited openness about these periods in recent history. Instead, different versions of the past and suppression of painful truths are subservient to contemporary political agendas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the conditions necessary for a narrative recounting of past events to become memorable and incorporated into collective memory. The analysis is focused on the role played by artistic remediations in creating such memorability. In Romania, as well as in other East Central European countries, the production of memorability and the management of the resulting collective memories are interlinked with the narratives of communism that dominate the memorialisation of the recent past. The article reviews several examples of acts of dissent, based on their representativeness and the existing literature, and question the memorability of dissident acts by considering the memory discourse on communism and the involvement of different agents of memory. It also interrogates the use of the Romanian secret police (Securitate) files in artistic productions, examining this acknowledgement of the role played by the Securitate in creating the narratives of the communist past. Two artistic productions based on reworkings of the Securitate files are analysed: a documentary theatre play staged by Gianina Cărbunariu, Uppercase Print (2013), and Radu Jude's 2020 film of the same title, both presenting the story of Mugur Călinescu. The article argues that these productions question mainstream frames of memory by revisiting the narratives and biographies created by the Securitate files and give new, artistically mediated voices to victims, perpetrators and collaborators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This book review examines "German-Jewish Life Writing in the Aftermath of the Holocaust: Beyond Testimony" by Helen Finch. The review delves into the experiences of four postwar German-Jewish writers and their struggles to publish their works. It explores the themes of the Holocaust, sexual abuse, and racialized violence present in their writings. The review also questions the argument made by Finch regarding the rejection of survivors' testimonies and raises concerns about the validity of her conclusions. [Extracted from the article]

This paper aims to study transnational diasporic interactions with the internal return of protracted displaces, using two cases from directly war-affected regions of Sri Lanka. This paper contributes to the conceptualization of return by analyzing the complexities arising through diaspora engagement in post-war return and recovery of internally displaced people. Split returns—of near and far diasporas in the form of short-term, temporary family visits—shape protracted returns in post-war situations. Diaspora's collective memory that results in diaspora transnationalism requires an engagement in rights-based issues such as access to and ownership of land in which the diasporas directly or indirectly intervene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extant research regarding collective memory has established the importance of examining how socially constructed memories shape group identities, lived experiences, and realities over time. In addition, collective memory scholars have underscored the inextricable and co-shaping linkages between space, place, and collective memory. However, comparatively less is known about how collective memories are constructed and articulated in cases of environmental exposures. We argue that it is important to investigate the ways in which exposed communities preserve their stories and how their collective memories influence efforts to seek redress as well as push for broader social change. We examine a case of historical pesticide exposure and related illnesses and mortality among farmworkers in Central Florida. We ask how exposed communities translate their experiences into a cohesive collective memory, how cultural artifacts preserve their stories in the broader discursive context, and how they utilize various histories as a form of health activism. We draw on data including ten years of farmworker blog entries, in-depth interviews, and media coverage. Our analysis revealed how farmworkers created artifacts representative of their memories of environmental exposures and illnesses, as well as how they translated these experiences into a cohesive collective memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses (the restoration of a sense of) continuity as a necessary part of transformative learning. Using the lenses of rhythm theory, biographical learning, and memory studies, it highlights both the individual and social dimensions for making sense of the past after a period of change. Discussing the example of an individual transformation and the social transition of Eastern Europe in the 1980s–1990s, it explores two aspects of the transformation process: the need for stability and the selective and altering nature of our process of remembrance. It advocates for developing the capacity to reflect on how we relate to our past and how we narrate the course of our lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Politically grappling with history is a constructive act, one that relies on context, structure, and agency, and is also directed at the forging of cultural coherence. In light of the growing transnationalization of commemoration practices, political actors not only rely on national past but also appeal to historical foreign events in political domestic speech. This research focuses on Israel as a case study for theoretical expansion of the political encounter with history and the experience of alterity. Qualitative analysis of Israeli political rhetoric since the 2000s demonstrates how Israeli prime ministers primarily rely on domestic collective memories; when used, events of others are intended to create a sense of shared experience through comparison. 'Importation for comparison' is thus the apparatus reflecting how Israeli prime ministers comply with current needs put forth by internal and external challenges in a globalized world. Contributing to the ongoing discussion regarding the nature of identity, this research underlines how referencing to events from abroad is one of the prominent ways in which national self is evaluated, discussed, and negotiated, thus providing a better understanding of how Israeli society imagines itself in relation to others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of collective memory receives increasing attention in international relations. This burgeoning scholarship, however, mainly centres on its role as a strategic tool in foreign policy, binding it to national context. This research uses collective memory as an analytical framework to gauge identification processes at the international level. Specifically, we examine how states self-present themselves with various collective We's and against multiple others. Contingent upon exclusive biographical narratives, we show how states transform and present collective memories in ways that resonate with their particular identity combination. Using inductive comparative analysis of speeches delivered by heads of state of Germany, the United States, and Israel during United Nations General Assembly sessions (1991–2017), analysis demonstrates how states evoke the past to narrate who they are, as states. Expanding understanding regarding how historical events are utilised in foreign policy, findings illustrate the dynamic juggling process states perform with various elements of self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to analyse the social representations of the Spanish Civil War and the dictatorship among young people from different autonomous communities in Spain. A free-association exercise elicited by the words 'Civil War' and 'Francoism' was completed by 477 university students of the Basque Country, Catalonia, Galicia and Madrid. Participants were also asked about their national identity and ideological orientation. Lexical analysis was used to analyse their responses, and the results revealed that there is no shared narrative among participants. The results show that most of the discourses constructed for these times go hand in hand with the discourses of the current political parties in Spain, which seek to satisfy the basic needs of the groups and justify their decisions and goals. However, the intergenerational voice also appears in the results showing alternatives to the political and hegemonic narratives of the state. This has significant implications for future research and memory policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subjective memory evaluation is important for assessing memory abilities and complaints alongside objective measures. In research and clinical settings, questionnaires are used to examine perceived memory ability, memory complaints, and memory beliefs/knowledge. Although they provide a structured measure of self-reported memory, there is some debate as to whether subjective evaluation accurately reflects memory abilities. Specifically, the disconnect between subjective and objective memory measures remains a long-standing issue within the field. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the benefits and limitations of questionnaires that are currently in use. This review encompasses three categories of metamemory questionnaires: self-efficacy, complaints, and multidimensional questionnaires. Factors influencing self-evaluation of memory including knowledge and beliefs about memory, ability to evaluate memory, recent metamemory experiences, and affect are examined. The relationship between subjective and objective memory measures is explored, and considerations for future development and use of metamemory questionnaires are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article conducts a social constructivist analysis of the post-2022 debate in Poland to trace how the geopolitical notions of "Central" and "Eastern" Europe have been affected by the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by Russia. It shows that the attack stimulated a powerful wave of identification with Ukraine across the political spectrum rooted in Polish collective memories. New opportunities also opened for Poland's self-positioning as a leader in Central and Eastern Europe. At the same time, this consolidation did not overcome the enduring domestic political antagonism and the rival political camps continued to promote competing imaginaries of the European order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces the concept of territorial healing as a strategy for holistic intervention with communities affected by violence-related trauma. Violence exerted in places generates affective and territorial ruptures contained in socio-emotional wounds and disruptions in the social and institutional fabric that weakens collective life. Building on post/in-conflict cities studies, peacebuilding studies, and a decolonial approach, we argue that territorial healing agglutinates myriad interventions aimed at a collective restorative reparation of geo-traumas (Pain, 2021) and promotes the construction of collective subjects for decision-making in territorial processes. The article highlights the need to go beyond the local/spatial turn of peacebuilding and reparative planning by providing a more robust understanding of how to frame the political project of reparative justice in urban spaces and across different scales. Territorial healing processes go beyond institutionalized frameworks to involve decentralized and autonomous processes that expand the spatiality of the symbolic, corporeal and emotions of collective urban life. This article suggests that a territorial healing trajectory requires weaving the mapping of body-territory-earth (Cabnal, 2019), collective memory, and spatial imagination as a strategy to manage existing conflicts through therapeutic dialogue and the shaping of reparative infrastructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: This study investigates the effects of language loss on bilingual autobiographical memory. More specifically, the study focuses on whether severe language loss would lead to any linguistic changes and/or interfere with how memories are recalled and shared. Methodology: Autobiographical memories were elicited with the help of a cued-recall technique and memory questionnaire from two groups of immigrants—attriters (who experienced significant language loss) and bilinguals (who retained their first language proficiency). Data and analysis: The data set consisted of pre-immigration memories that were originally encoded in the first language, Russian. The frequency of recall (i.e., sharing memories with others as well as reminiscing) and linguistic components (i.e., words) of memories elicited from the attriters and bilinguals were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Findings and conclusion: Overall, attriters were able to recall memories that were originally encoded in the forgotten language. They also reported reminiscing about their pre-immigration memories and sharing their memories with others. However, attriters revealed that the pre-immigration memories came to them with words in the second language, English, which was not the case with bilinguals. Attriters also reframed memories for several Russian culture-specific items and events. This finding is indicative of memory re-encoding —a phenomenon when memories are updated, stored, and subsequently retrieved with added information. While this finding points to the bilingual mind's ability to adapt to language loss, it may also suggest linguistic and cultural assimilation under the influence of the new language and culture. Originality: This is the first investigation of autobiographical memory in bilinguals with severe language loss that highlights the malleability and adaptability of the bilingual mind as well as the importance of language maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of modern technologies, museums have been engaged in the competition for novel sensory resources. Taking into consideration the main body of visitors, their experiential representation has gradually become the focal point of the museums. However, at present, the museum display is limited to visual effect. The scientific and technological methods proposed by existing research have not really formed a deep cultural memory of historical stories, and the sustainable development paths of museums need to be further optimized. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the conception and path of museum auditory experience development, and to verify the existing patterns of empathy in museum auditory experience development. We set up digital music vocalization tools in the museum to temporarily create the immersion experience for digital music. In this scenario, we could meticulously observe the tourists' experience, with the joint effect of active cognitive environment and environment-driven emotion. We also conducted a timely survey on the cognition, emotion, and experience of the observation subjects after the experiment. Last, empirical methods has been used to analyze the role of immersive empathy in enhancing visitors' experience, in order to gain insights into visitors' perception and cognition of the museum, integrating with the digital music. After analyzing the collected data, this study found that cognitive empathy has a significant positive impact on visitors' experience. It indicated that for the historical stories presentation, the properly integration of museum and digital can help tourists deeply understand the historical events, which could restore the cultural connotation conveyed by the designer. Emotional empathy also has a significant positive impact on visitors' experience. It showed that that the rendering of digital music will motivate visitors' emotional fluctuation, during their visit to the museum. And through the combination of audio-visual effects, the constructed spatial perception, allowing visitors to enjoy immersive experience. This study proposed a vision for the development of auditory experiences in museums, based on both cognitively active immersion and emotionally passive immersion of visitors. We also suggested that in the new era, museums need to reform with voice, to timely adjust and innovate their way to exhibit cultural relics, with the hierarchical design of audiovisual integration to construct a more appealing scene and atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Over the past few years, scholars from a broad range of disciplines have started to explore the role that emotions play in the collective memory of social movements. Against this backdrop, they have proposed that activists do not necessarily commemorate failed struggles by drawing on negative emotions such as suffering and grief. As a case in point, the interdisciplinary literature has drawn attention to the fact that the historical labour movement commemorated even events that ended in bloodshed and defeat, such as the Paris Commune of 1871, through performances and writings that evoked feelings of hope and joy. Analysing commemorative practices by the German labour movement in the late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this article shows that Commune memory differed considerably in Germany. In a first step, the article shows that during the two decades following the Commune's bloody demise, German socialists remembered the Paris Commune by drawing on hatred, anger, and grief – not hope or joy. In a second step, the article demonstrates that while the 1890s did see the rise of memory practices that emphasized hope, this was a peculiar kind of hope largely detached from the historical event that was commemorated. By the turn of the century, the German labour movement had established a memory tradition that saw the Commune as a painful but necessary step in the forward march of the movement. In a short conclusion, the article explores some of the reasons why memory traditions by the German labour movement differed from the pattern detected elsewhere. In so doing, it shows that the change in the affective repertoire corresponded to a change in the political needs of the movement. The conclusion thus points to how the historical examples discussed here contributes to a better understanding of role of emotions in social movements more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of memory studies has, in recent years, experienced a 'nonhuman turn' that extends the analytical focus beyond anthropocentric functions of collective remembering. However, while this growing literature has considerably enhanced our understanding of how memories of environmental change may promote a stronger sense of connectedness with nature, the different arguments – developed mainly through critical readings of cultural texts – have yet to be investigated empirically. By means of an original survey of 1,100+ adults in Aotearoa New Zealand, the paper here provides a first step towards addressing the empirical gap in the 'nonhuman turn' literature. Two main findings emerge from this analysis. First, knowing about historical environmental change and overestimating the extent of environmental change make it more likely that individuals see themselves as part of nature. Second, the survey demonstrates that the relationship between memories of environmental change and closeness to nature interacts with wider political conflicts over how to remember the colonial past. In particular, the question of who to blame for historical environmental change shapes the effect of ecological memories in different ways, depending on whether respondents identify as European New Zealanders or Indigenous Māori. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined how commemorative journalism shapes collective memory by exploring 18 supplements and special projects commemorating Israel's 70th anniversary. The research questions focused on three central narrative characteristics of journalism: protagonists, plots, and narrators. Our examination revealed the ways in which those located at the fringes of the ethnic-national community were excluded from these journalistic narratives, conveying mostly a tale of Israeli strength, narrated mostly by Jewish men. We maintain that the current dominant memory version narrated by the supplements reflects a withdrawal from and rejection of recent, more critical journalistic readings of the Israeli past. This conscious return to older, hegemonic patterns of narration of the national past could be understood within the context of two central conditions, shaping the construction of Israeli reality over the past two decades: the growing dominance of the political Right and changes in Israel's media map. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hysteresis has been used to understand various social phenomena, such as political polarization, the persistence of the vaccination-compliance problem, or the delayed response of employees in a firm to wage incentives. The aim of this article is to show the insights that can be gained from using agent-based models (ABMs) to study hysteresis. To build up an intuition about hysteresis, we start with an illustrative example from physics that demonstrates how hysteresis manifests as collective memory. Next, we present examples of hysteresis in psychology and social systems. We then present two simple ABMs of binary decisions—the Ising model and the q -voter model—to explain how hysteresis can be observed in ABMs. Specifically, we show that hysteresis can result from the influence of various external factors present in social systems, such as organizational polices, governmental laws, or mass media campaigns, as well as internal noise associated with random changes in agent decisions. Finally, we clarify the relationship between several closely related concepts such as order–disorder transitions or bifurcation, and we conclude the article with a discussion of the advantages of ABMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As society has come to rely on groups and technology to address many of its most challenging problems, there is a growing need to understand how technology-enabled, distributed, and dynamic collectives can be designed to solve a wide range of problems over time in the face of complex and changing environmental conditions—an ability we define as "collective intelligence." We describe recent research on the Transaction Systems Model of Collective Intelligence (TSM-CI) that integrates literature from diverse areas of psychology to conceptualize the underpinnings of collective intelligence. The TSM-CI articulates the development and mutual adaptation of transactive memory, transactive attention, and transactive reasoning systems that together support the emergence and maintenance of collective intelligence. We also review related research on computational indicators of transactive-system functioning based on collaborative process behaviors that enable agent-based teammates to diagnose and potentially intervene to address developing issues. We conclude by discussing future directions in developing the TSM-CI to support research on developing collective human-machine intelligence and to identify ways to design technology to enhance it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the value of urban history and material culture in the study of memory. More specifically, it offers an examination through a masculine lens of the ways in which urban icons have impacted and shaped individual and national identities. The article focuses on Bulnes Square in Santiago de Chile and the Eternal Flame of Liberty as a key place and symbol of Augusto Pinochet's "fascism in progress." I draw on local press archives, advertising, and photographs to further explore the gender metaphor of state and nation as expressions of monolithic nationalism and their perpetuation of a hypermasculine tone, examining their links to place and national memory construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I conducted fieldwork in Umoja village, Samburu County, Kenya and Chorrera County, Colombia. These countries have a history of gender violence against Indigenous women and this violence often continues into contemporary times. Conversations about contemporary violence against Indigenous women in Chorrera's educational spaces—high school or the workshops of the local Indigenous organization—during the post-conflict period are painful and uncomfortable for them. Thus, I introduced the experience of Umoja from Kenya as a memory device to analyze the violence against Indigenous women and their educational expectations in Chorrera. These dialogues prompted by Umoja's analysis in Chorrera reveals the simultaneous opportunities of Indigenous women's collective memory, resistance, and challenges to girls' and women's access to traditional and formal education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ever since the emergence of digital gaming as a popular pastime, the Second World War has been one of its major sources of inspiration. This article contributes to the study of the memory-making potential of historical digital entertainment games, by offering an analysis of The Saboteur, an American game that is set in France during the Second World War and that offers a depiction of an explorable open game world occupied by the Nazi regime. Through an analysis of a game's paratextual positioning, its ludic social discourse, and instances of perceived ludonarrative dissonance from a historical and cultural memory perspective, the article concludes that the game offers a romanticized representation of male violent resistance against the Nazi occupier who is depicted as Manichaeistically evil and a-historically violent. This representation equally reconfirms the dominant cultural memory narratives formulated in France and the United States during and immediately after the war. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a collection of essays that bridge the research programs of Pierre Bourdieu's sociology of culture and the Marxist community. The collection reflects the intellectual trajectory of Bridget Fowler, who shares references with Bourdieu and brings a Marxist background to her reading and discussion of his work. Fowler's research extends both the Birmingham School and Bourdieu's research programs, questioning the dominant worldview and studying the experience of the dominated. The articles in the collection explore various research questions, extending Bourdieu's program and revising the Marxist perspective through feminist and intersectional lenses. Overall, the collection exemplifies a true scholarly community driven by shared passion, commitment, high intellectual standards, and constructive criticism. [Extracted from the article]

As part of de-Communization, states in central and eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union used lustration measures to remove Communist officials and secret police collaborators from positions of power and to bring to light Communist-era abuses. As a form of transitional justice, lustration is unusually temporally tethered to the Communist past. However, in practice some states stretched lustration's temporal parameters, reaching back up to eighty years to pre-Soviet and Nazi World War II (WWII) abuses, and extending forward decades into the post-Communist present. This temporal stretching expanded lustration's goals beyond vetting mechanism to corruption fighter, historical memory marker, and nation-state (re)builder. Lustration's temporal stretching conflicts with Venice Commission, Council of Europe, and European Court of Human Rights guidelines and legal rulings on lustration. This article presents three temporal approaches to the window of time covered by lustration in eleven post-Communist states between 1990 and 2018: lustration focused on a single, elongated Communist past, lustration covering multiple pasts, and lustration spanning both Communist and post-Communist abuses. Comparative cases in these three temporal categories illustrate significant variation within states surrounding the temporal purview of lustration. This regional variation is juxtaposed with Council of Europe guidelines, related court rulings, and Venice Commission amicus briefs to illustrate contending temporalities surrounding the use of lustration as an "extraordinary" justice measure in consolidated democracies. This study highlights the importance of time as a variable and invites more empirical work on the conditional effects of time on transitional justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]