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Objectives: To discuss the presentation and management of a rare neoplasm in a previously unreported laryngeal subsite. Methods: Case report and literature review. Results: An 89-year-old woman presented with a subglottic mass, biopsy of which was consistent with basal cell adenocarcinoma. She was successfully treated with surgical intervention and remains disease free 29 months postoperatively. Conclusions: Basal cell adenocarcinoma is a rare salivary gland tumor, the laryngeal variant of which is even scarcer. Herein we describe the presentation and successful surgical management of the first reported case of subglottic basal cell adenocarcinoma. We additionally provide a histologic review followed by approaches to treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ameloblastomas can present in various clinical and histomorphologic patterns. The granular cell variant accounts for only 3.5% to 5% of ameloblastomas. The aim of this case report is to present an example of ameloblastoma with unusual granular cell component, affecting a 63-year-old woman, in which both the inner and peripheral layers of follicles composed exclusively by eosinophilic granular cells. Assessment of the immunohistochemical and histochemical profile of the lesion was performed and the challenges of such a diagnosis were also addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cokeromyces recurvatus is a dimorphic zygomycete with histologic morphology similar to Coccidioides immitis. A 66-year-old man who was status-post bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia was hospitalized with new onset rash, nausea, and vomiting and subsequently expired. A sputum culture collected on the day of death revealed heavy growth of C. recurvatus 6 days after collection. At autopsy, microscopic examination of the lungs revealed numerous thick-walled, nonbudding spherules ranging in size from 40 to 80 µm. Initial immunohistochemical staining of the formalin-fixed lung tissue was positive for Coccidioides . Additional immunoperoxidase staining revealed the organisms were consistent with a zygomycete fungus, compatible with C. recurvatus infection. Polymerase chain reaction using panfungal primers was attempted on the formalin-fixed tissue but was inconclusive. This case highlights the potential for misdiagnosing Cokeromyces as Coccidioides when the diagnosis is based on histology and immunohistochemical staining. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study presents a case of Ewing sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor arising in the esophagus of a 44-year-old woman who presented with progressive dysphagia. Imaging studies demonstrated a polypoid lesion in the esophagus. The tumor was characterized by corded and pseudopapillary architecture, cytologic monotony, and low proliferative activity. Immunohistochemical stains were positive for CD99, neuron-specific enolase, vimentin, cyclin D1, p53, and FLI1 gene product. Fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated a 22q12 translocation, associated with primitive neuroectodermal tumor in the tumor cells, whereas reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction conformed expression of Ewing sarcoma/FLI1 fusion transcript in the patient’s bone marrow aspirate. Although this is a rare site for this type of tumor to occur, primitive neuroectodermal tumor should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mesenchymal tumors of the esophagus. Genetic analysis is crucial to establish the diagnosis and can be successfully performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material and hematopoietic tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Ten cases of oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) in HIV- negative patients are presented. Eight of the 10 patients were on steroid treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1 patient was on prednisone as part of a therapeutic regimen for gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and 1 patient did not have any history of immunosuppression. There were 5 men and 5 women, ages 32-79, with mean age being 61.8 years. Nine out of 10 lesions were located unilaterally on the tongue, whereas 1 lesion was located at the junction of the hard and soft palate. All lesions were described as painless, corrugated, nonremovable white plaques (leukoplakias). Histologic features were consistent with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hyperkeratosis suggestive of OHL, and confirmatory in situ hybridization was performed in all cases. Candida hyphae and spores were present in 8 cases. Pathologists should be aware of OHL presenting not only in HIV-positive and HIV-negative organ transplant recipients but also in patients receiving steroid treatment, and more important, certain histologic features should raise suspicion for such diagnosis without prior knowledge of immunosuppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report describes an unusual pancreatic tumor in a 3-year-old boy. He presented with abdominal pain secondary to pancreatitis and was found to have a complex, multicystic lesion within the head of the pancreas. He subsequently underwent a pancreatoduodenectomy. Grossly, the mass was 3 cm, multicystic, and well demarcated. Histologically, there were numerous variably sized, dilated ducts lined by tall columnar mucinous cells surrounded by a stroma that exhibited foci of cellular condensations resembling primitive pancreatic mesenchyme. Acinar and endocrine cells were often seen budding into the ducts forming ''ductulo-insular bodies.'' As a result of its superficial resemblance to Stocker type 2 cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung, we are proposing the name ''multicystic adenomatoid hamartoma'' for this lesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disseminated Acanthamoeba infections and bacillary angiomatosis are among the unusual opportunistic infections encountered in patients with AIDS. We report a fatal case of disseminated Acanthamoeba palestinensis infection involving the skin, palate, brain, lungs, and testes in a patient with AIDS in whom the mucocutaneous lesions were initially interpreted clinically and pathologically as bacillary angiomatosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Papillary endothelial hyperplasia (PEH) occurring within or around the capsule of thyroid neoplasms is rare. Such Masson-like lesions, which have been attributed to fine needle aspiration—induced injury and thrombosis, can mimic tumor angioinvasion or vascular neoplasms. This study reports the case of a poorly differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid that was accompanied by more than 10 foci of pericapsular and peritumoral papillary endothelial hyperplasia, one of which contained a tumor embolus. The vessels within the papillary fronds had CD31- and CD34-staining blood vessels but were lined by D2-40 staining endothelial cells, which were continuous with the lining of the spaces within which PEH had developed. This suggests that, in contrast to Masson’s lesions that develop within blood vessels as a result of thrombosis, pericapsular PEH associated with thyroid neoplasms develops within lymphatics, possibly related to lymphangiogenic factors secreted by the thyroid neoplasms. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Imperfect or unusual presentation, morphology, or immunophenotype can make the diagnosis of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) very challenging. To illustrate this, we present 5 unique cases from the archives of our tertiary care academic medical center that presented a diagnostic challenge wherein FDCS was the top differential diagnostic possibility. The workup of these cases, including multiple expert consultations, highlights the importance of avoiding specific pitfalls in the diagnosis of FDCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 38-year-old man who underwent neck dissection for metastatic malignant melanoma from a cutaneous primary. The clinical examination founds 1.5 to 4.5 μm thick and 20 to 100 μm long, slightly curved, dark-purple hyphae-like structures in hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of his multiple lymph nodes. It notes that pseudofungi shown in the patient's lymph node was free of tumor and appeared unremarkable.

The article discusses the intrafollicular glomeruloid vascular proliferation appearing in the benign thyroid tissue encircling the papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. It states that glomeruloid bodies are described in high-grade malignancies but they are not described in thyroid carcinomas. According to the authors, they are unsure if the glomeruloid lesions are the result of reactive changes to intrafollicular hemorrhage or the result of angiogenic factors released by the tumor.

The article describes the starlike and starfish nuclei from the thyroid follicular cells of a 60-year-old Liberian immigrant with longstanding goiter. It sates that the nuclei represented regenerative, eye-pleasing nuclear changes which were found near the previous fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). The patient decided to remove the goiter for cosmetic and functional reasons.

Malignant transformation is an infrequent complication of endometriosis. The ovary is the primary site in 79 per cent of cases, and extragonadal sites are identified in 21 per cent. Primary involvement of these types of tumors with the colon and/or rectum is a rare clinical entity. Endometrioid carcinoma is a common histologic type that remains a diagnostic challenge--the main differential diagnosis includes colorectal carcinomas. We report a case of malignant transformation arising in colonie endometriosis. The patient had a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 10 years before she presented with hematochezia. The patient was ultimately treated by surgical resection. Immunohistochemical staining in addition to the usual histopathology was critical for accurate diagnosis of this endometriosis-associated intestinal tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]