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Tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) responses on a picture-naming task were used to test the hypothesis that dyslexia involves phonological, but not semantic, processing deficits. Participants included 16 children with dyslexia and 31 control children between 8 and 10 years of age who did not differ in receptive vocabulary. As hypothesized, children with dyslexia demonstrated more TOTs and proportionally more errors in the phonological, but not semantic, step of word retrieval. Longer and low-frequency words also prompted more TOTs. The groups did not differ in phonological errors on a follow-up recognition task. The results provide evidence of text-independent, on-line phonological processing deficits in readers with dyslexia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indicates that individuals' separation orientation helps explain the differential impact of important environmental factors on life satisfaction in the elderly. Separation Anxiety Test (SAT); Correlation between health and life satisfaction; Limitations of the study.

Presents the results of a study which examined the associations among parental divorce, family conflict, sex, and young men's and women's achievement of intimacy. Indications that family conflict and sex, but not divorce, were significantly related to intimacy; What an examination of those within the divorce group suggest.

Investigates factors influencing the adjustment of families of 49 autistic children to the stress of raising an autist ic child. Method; Results; Discussion.

The emergence of the modern concept of development is closely linked with the awakening of a historical consciousness in western thought. Historiography shifted from the veneration of the sacred to the analysis of the secular, and human change came to be viewed as progressive and developmental. Salvationist dogma about the hereafter was replaced by visions of a utopia here on earth. Progressive development involves a natural ordering of values and offers an empirical route for ascertaining the nature of God and the good. This is an impetus for Piaget's genetic epistemology, and is an important, if unacknowledged, feature of developmental theory. It is also the source of troubling difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Examines depression and attribution in abused children and their nonoffending caregivers. Relationship between negative attributions and higher scores on depression of both children and caregivers; Relation between non-offending caregivers' self-reported depression and their abused children's self-reported depression.