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The study was undertaken with the objective of assessing determinants of women participation choice and intensity of participation in Micro and Small Enterprises in Hadiya zone, Ethiopia. Within the zone three town administrative were selected based the largest number of economic activities. The investigation was grounded on cross-sectional review information from 385 women Micro and Small Enterprise's undertakings participant and non-participant that were assigned using semi-structured interview schedule, key informants interview, focus group discussion, and personal observation. Secondary data was acquired from empirical reports, government policy documents, national statistical reports, journal articles and reports of different organizations. Heckman's two-stage selection model was applied to recognize factors influencing women's participation decision and intensity of participation in MSEs. The first level of probit model estimation results reveal that educational status, business experience, access to credit, access to training, achievement motivation, receiving remittance, information seeking behaviour and initial capital were emphatically and fundamentally impact the likelihood of women participation decision in MSE while age was negatively related and does significantly determine the participation choice of the women. The after effects of the second stage Heckman model demonstrated that the intensity of participation in Micro and Small Enterprises was significantly and positively influenced by educational status, access to market, access to transportation, and achievement motivation. Hence, this study recommends that government and concerned bodies are anticipated to enhance the educational level, skill, and knowledge development training, provide aids and subsidized to income, credit facilities, and the remittance-receiving channels. It is also suggested that women should formulate their own goals and they should participate in business by their own choice nevertheless of other alternatives accomplish well and actions need to be accepted to offer incentives for women who have faced a lack of available initial capital in the study area.

As demand for land increased over time, urban centers have been physically expanding their boundaries to surrounding rural and peri-urban areas by including additional land where people did base their lives in agriculture. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the impacts of urban expansion on welfare of expropriated peri-urban communities of Hossana town, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia by using propensity score matching method. Household survey research design with semi-structured interview schedule for a sample of 369 households (clustered in to 148 expropriated and 221 non-expropriated) was conducted. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from primary and secondary sources. In addition to household interview schedule; focus group discussion, key informant interview, transect walk, case story and personal observation were used as data collection tools. After propensity score matching, the per capita income of non-expropriated households is significantly greater than expropriated households. Therefore, urban expansion has significant impact on welfare of expropriated peri-urban local communities. Hence, it was suggested that rehabilitation programs should be developed to support the expropriated households to enable them appropriately use their cash compensation and remaining asset and prepare them for the new environment.

The study was conducted to identify determinants of rural farm household food security status in Boloso Sore district of Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia. A three-stage sampling technique was utilized to obtain a sample size of 90 rural farm households. Cross sectional data were collected through structured questionnaire, focus group discussion and personal observation. Data were analyzed using head count index, food insecurity gap index, food surplus gap index and binary logit model. The result showed that only 34.5% of rural farm households were found food secure while 65.5% were food insecure. The food insecurity gap and food surplus index showed that food secured households exceeded the food security line by 34.6% while 27.8% of food insecure households fall below the poverty line. The severity of the food insecurity gap among the food insecure households was found to be 11.7%. The binary logit model result revealed that the major factors determining Original Research Article Tekle and Berhanu; AJAEES, 5(2): 57-68, 2015; Article no.AJAEES.2015.039 58 food security of rural farm households were family size in adult equivalent, total cultivated land size, annual income of household, oxen ownership of households, access to extension and credit and age of the household head. Age of household head, family size and access to extension services had a negative effect on household food security status while household income, credit access, oxen ownership and cultivable land size had a positive effect on household food security. Limiting the increasing population pressure, promoting income-generating activities, enhancing microfinancing efficiency, creating employment opportunities, information dissemination, among others can contribute to food security status of households in the study areas.