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The article identifies and provides a synthetic overview of various concepts relating to the evolution of the real estate market and property valuation. According to the authors, the processes observed on the real estate market necessitate changes in training programs for property valuers. Real estate appraisers should be able to cope with new consumer expectations and requirements, and they should be well versed in modern technological solutions and analytical tools. The study indicates that, in order to face the challenges of the modern world, the appraisal profession should undergo a paradigm shift to embrace the fact that real estate is a commodity and that globalization is inevitable on the real estate market. Due to the high value of urban areas, a modern specialist determining the value of real estate is particularly needed there. Property valuers should develop new analytical skills, and they should rely on modern data processing tools to collect and process information. Additionally, recent events, including the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrate that property appraisers should be better prepared for dealing with unprecedented circumstances. The training curricula proposed in this article should increase property valuers’ competencies and effectively support real estate market entities and sustainable urban development.

Although real estate valuation is supposed to make the market transparent, it has been noted to be partial in many countries. Analysis of literature and results of the statistical analysis of survey responses of Polish property appraisers indicated that: Property valuers operate in an environment which exerts influence on the final result of valuation. The attempts of the client to influence the valuation process and their effectiveness do not depend on the gender and age of the property appraiser. The problem of valuation bias should be seen in the weakness of the system enforcing compliance with ethical standards, with this being an area which requires reinforcement in many countries.

The objective of the study is to try and identify the reasons for the detachment of the valuation practice from its methodology. Two methods have been used in the paper: the analysis method and the case study method, under which fourteen property valuation reports posted on websites and two opinions about the property valuation prepared for court purposes in order to detect and identify sources of deviations from the valuation methodology have been analyzed. The study, besides theoretical aspects, includes references to practical application: pointing out directions of changes in legal regulations and national valuation principles, which should help achieve uniformity in interpreting the valuation concept, allowing the reduction of its uncertainty, understood as the uncertainty of a single valuation and uncertainty as the difference between valuations.