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The main aim of the research was to carry out the surface modification of basalt fabric in order to improve selected thermal properties of the material, i.e., resistance to contact and radiant heat, to apply it in a hot work environment. Attention was focused on checking whether the metal coating deposited does not cause too high conductivity, which is dangerous to human health. The process of magnetron sputtering with the use of chromium and aluminum of various thickness values was applied to basalt fabrics. Based on scanning electron microscope analysis, it was found that none of the aluminum or chromium coatings covered 100% of the basalt fabric surface. Results of the surface resistance analysis of four out of the six samples of basalt fabrics tested indicate that they belong to anti-static materials. The metallic coatings obtained can potentially be used to improve the thermal properties of basalt fabric mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern children's clothing is characterised not only by the diversity of forms and rich ornamentation but also, primarily, by the specificity of these clothing products that guarantees their safety of use, functionality and shaping of the personality characteristics of the child. The world of children's fashion takes into account current trends, paying particular attention to its practical aspects. An important role in the design of children's clothing can be played by transformable clothing, which supports the child in its normal psychophysical development, as well as parents in economic terms. Surveys carried out show the opinions of children and parents regarding transformable clothing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper was to determine the adhesion force between an aluminum foil and basalt fabrics. Aluminised basalt fabric can be used as an alternative solution for protective clothing production. So far aluminised glass fabric has been used for this purpose. The lamination of basalt fabrics with aluminum foil does not changed fabric flexibility and can provide better protection against thermal radiation. To check different variants of adhesion, fabrics reinforced by a steel wire were also used (wire diameter 0.1 mm). The steel wire caused an increase in the fabric tear strength as well as in puncture and cut resistance. Two types of glue were chosen to carry out an investigation on the strength of adhesive bonding (Butacoll A+ and Bonatex PU85). The adhesion strength of the laminates was measured according to the PN-88/P-04950 standard. The test results confirmed higher values for weft directions and the phenomenon of asymmetry of the bond strength was found during testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of the study is to expand the new 3D garment creation method which has been developed by our team to cover other morphological targets. This creation process, applied until now to typical human body, shapes can be also used in the case of the atypical posture of the human being. The purpose of this study was to obtain 2D patterns of disabled people, especially for people afflicted with severe scoliosis. In our paper we introduced the pathology of this disease as well as the strong influence of this disability on the garment creation process. We present the method which has been used to capture the 3D shape of the body. Two methods of 3D pattern making are proposed. The first method, using virtual try-on, is an empirical method which uses the knowledge and know-how of pattern makers. The second method is a more rigorous one that shows the feasibility of creating a tailored garment directly on a 3D body shape. This method takes into account the 3D evolution of the body as well as the comfort and well-being of the customer, managed by the values of 3D ease allowance. Finally the result shows that the two methods can be used in different garment industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundry worker activity involves remaining in a high temperature while working close to a melting furnace. Special clothing made from aluminised fabrics for this action ensures protection against high temperature. However, the problem is that the existing so far suits have not been breathable. This paper the presents the utility comfort parameters of underwear goods which can be used under protective clothing. The special structure of underwear should assure the maintainance of constant temperature of the body. In order to compare the basic functions, namely ensuring comfort of use, innovative underwear products underwent measurements on a thermal manikin. Moreover a comparison between new raw material solutions of underwear and traditional cotton underwear was made. Additionally the air and water vapour permeability of knitted fabrics were measured. The aim of the study was also to determine such properties as the thermal insulation, air and water vapour permeability of underwear products that influence the physiological comfort of foundry workers in order to choose the best one for foundry worker activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents the results of our approach in the field of modelling and numerical simulation of a garment in a 3D virtual environment. In our study we take into account the strategic point of approach where the numerical avatar model integrates the garment model by association without difficulty. On the other hand the flattening of 2D and 3D garment patterns need to be associative, accurate and impose the existing fabric deformation linked with a garment drape. The results mentioned in our previous paper showed that the adaptive mannequin morphotype model follows the human body morphology from the scanner, although large deformations were imposed to the initial human body during the creation process presented. This model is dedicated to the ready-to-wear garment sectors except for garments very close-fitting to the body (ease allowance value = 0 or negative) such as corsetry, because in this particular case it is necessary to consider the evolution of the chest for women. Moreover the concept of design offered is of sufficient interest to follow the results of the measurement. With this adaptive mannequin morphotype model, we will describe the study on the development of garment models in a 3D environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents the modelling and numerical simulation of mannequins as well as clothes in a 3D virtual environment. The paper explains garment modelling, with the objective of defining the development of a 3D body model that is useful and based on the demand of the garment industry. For this purpose a development strategy should be defined. Many scientists are working on the creative process for virtual garment development to create a garment directly on a 3D model of the human body, also called "virtual tailoring". The first strategic issue in this context that we present is that the model must necessarily incorporate the ease garment model associatively. These parameters define the priority concepts that are the draping and proper it of the garment. The second point is that the transition between the 3D and 2D patterns, known as flattening 3D patterns, must be associative, precise and must take into account the real deformation of the fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this work was to determine the influence of the fatigue bending of textile packages consisting of aluminised basalt woven fabrics, textile inserts and linings on their structural and thermal insulation properties. For the process of bending, an STM 601/12 device of the SATRA company was used. Three kinds of aluminised basalt woven fabrics were examined in our research, differing in the mass per square meter and textile packages. In the paper the bending process of basalt fabrics and their textile packages are described. A proper combination of material components enabled the creation of five variants of textile packages. The next state of our work was the examination of changes in heat transport properties of the textile packages before and after fatigue bending. As a conclusion we state the influence of fatigue bending on heat transport properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The task of clothing, in addition to protecting the body against atmospheric factors, is to ensure appropriate physiological comfort for the user. Therefore it is necessary to select appropriate fabrics to create clothes that are characterised by proper comfort -- related properties. Physiological comfort is affected by such biophysical properties of clothing as water vapour permeability, hygroscopicity, and thermal resistance. At present in the design of clothing, particular emphasis is placed on providing a drain of moisture from the skin layer under the clothing and on thermal comfort. This raises the question: what is the influence of an adhesive insert on the biophysical properties of clothing packages, which is the aim of the paper. Research on water vapour and heat transport was carried out in static conditions using a standardised method for a 'skin model' that simulates the processes of emitting heat and moisture which appear on human skin. An artificial skin model was used to measure the thermal resistance and water vapour resistance in equilibrium conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was the elaboration of measurement methodology for establishing textile material resistance to atmospheric factors simulated by the Xenotest, specifically artificial weather or without rain. The ageing test was carried out on two groups of fabrics: the first - fabrics with a modified surface (resistant to chemicals) and modified structure (flame-retardant and electroconductive), and the second - fabrics used as the background of warning clothing. After the ageing simulation in the Xenotest, the following properties were examined: change in color, tensile and tearing strength, and electric resistance. For the second group of fabrics, photometric parameters were also measured. The results and their analysis are presented, some of which were compared with ageing in natural conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different measurement principles are used in measurement systems. There are some new systems which are not commonly used in cotton fiber assessment, like Siromat and CottonScan by CSIRO or ITRU UAK-1+. The method of cotton fineness assessment by CottonScan is based on a direct method of measuring the total length of a known mass of fiber snippets to directly calculate the mass per unit length (fineness). The SiroMat™ instrument determines a fiber's maturity based on fiber colors when viewed under a polarised light microscope. The relationship between the interference colours assumed by fibers under the crossed polarised light beams and fiber maturity is based upon the orientation of cellulose chains in the fiber wall, which affect the path length of light through the wall. This method (not automated) has been used for many years by GOST (now an Uzbeck standard) and ASTM. The ITRU Fiber Tester UAK-1+ operates on the basis of the computer image analysis principle. To determine fiber parameters, only two tests are needed: a test of the fiber beard, and an image analysis of the fiber or fabric surface. This study presents a comparison of fineness and maturity results obtained by traditional measurement systems (HVI & AFIS, according to GOST) and by new ones. The method of ITRU UAK-1+ surface Micronaire measurement is also presented, as well as results for the same parameter from Y-section Microscope analysis performed on single fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By carrying out measurements of the thermoinsulation properties of clothing materials, we can obtain a lot of valuable information regarding the wide characteristics of these materials. Knowing thermoinsulation property values of clothing material, we can start the proper designing of thermoinsulation clothing by selecting and combining fabrics in such a way that we obtain clothing of very good thermal properties. In this paper the results of evaluation of the thermoinsulation parameters of membrane fabrics are presented. Measurements were carried out for 12 different clothing materials with half-permeable membranes for the inner as well as for the outer side of the material. An analysis of results is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A method of calculating the general handle factor (GHF) of a woven fabric was developed on the basis of mechanical parameters determined at small stresses with the use of an Instron tension-tester. The influence was estimated of such factors as the kind of finishing, raw material, weft density, and weave of the fabric on the value of the general handle factor (GHF) as calculated according to the proposed procedure. From the analysis of tests, it results that raw woven fabrics are characterised by the lowest value of GHF factor, whereas woven fabrics with elastomeric finishing have the highest GHF factor value; this is in accordance with the assumption accepted in the planning phase of the experiments. When considering the type of weave, fabrics with twill and combined weave are characterised by the best handle, whereas those with a plain weave by the worst. The highest values of the GHF factor were obtained for fabrics with the lowest weft density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the second part of our study describing the modelling of the yarn stretching phenomena recently published in F&T in EE [1]. The continuation of this approach involves the identification of unknown parameters in the model, as well as proper stress-strain curve division, in order to avoid problems of identification. In order to avoid the effects of parametric compensation, which has been very often observed, when the number of model parameters becomes significant we use a new strategy of identification. The division of the model into submodels contributes to the correct operation of the identification, because we use a method which partially identifies with submodels which have a small number of parameters. The parameters of the proposed model were identified using MATLAB software. Various types of yarns were tested according to whether their origin was natural and man-made. Finally, the superposition of the practical and simulated curves was carried out, with the aim of verifying the correctness of the proposed model. The results show that the model was adapted perfectly in almost all types of the yarns used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]