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Abstract This publication is an update of the “Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology” published in 2019, considering the novel, targeted-oriented systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis. The initial recommendations of the current consensus for systemic treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis were based on a recent review of scientific published data and a consensus was reached after voting. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited 31 experts from all regions of Brazil and 2 international experts on atopic dermatitis who fully contributed to the process. The methods included an e-Delphi study to avoid bias, a literature search and a final consensus meeting. The authors added novel approved drugs in Brazil and the indication for phototherapy and systemic therapy for AD. The therapeutical response to systemic treatment is hereby reported in a suitable form for clinical practice and is also part of this updated manuscript.

Abstract Background In hospital settings, dermatology can offer substantial clinical support for the diagnosis and management of skin conditions, reducing morbidity and mortality. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the profile of referrals and consultations performed by the Dermatology Service of the Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre, from August 2018 to January 2020. Methods This study is descriptive, quantitative, and retrospective, conducted through data collection and review of medical records and referrals. The variables included were clinical data of referrals, in-patients profiles, dermatological diagnoses, complementary exams, therapeutic conduct, and recommended follow-ups. Results A total of 1020 referrals were analyzed, which resulted in 641 consultations (328 men, 313 women). The most prevalent skin disease groups were ‘Dermatitis and Eczema’ (33.1%) and ‘Other infectious skin diseases (21.8%), while the most frequent ICD-10 were ‘Drug eruptions - L27’ (9.9%) and ‘Other and unspecified dermatitis - L30’ (6.6%). Corticoids were the most recommended treatments (27.7%), followed by antifungals (13.1%). ‘Consultation Discharge’ (44%) and ‘Outpatient’ Dermatology follow-up (27%) were the most frequent causes for ending consultation. Study limitations Among the study limitations, the authors highlight its retrospective nature, with data analysis based on referrals and medical records, which may present inaccurate or incomplete information. In addition to this, the study may demonstrate a certain degree of subjectivity due to the review and interpretation process conducted by the researchers. However, the definition of objective criteria based on previous studies attenuates such possible bias. Furthermore, considering that the Dermatology teams are composed of a preceptor dermatologist and residents, the established diagnoses were not submitted to third-party verification, except in the cases of skin biopsies and cultures. Thus, the professional’s experience and skills may have influenced the dermatological diagnoses. Conclusions These findings underlie the importance of Dermatology in hospital assistance, contributing to the management of a wide range of skin conditions.

Abstract The study of skin, the science of dermatology, has undergone significant transformations throughout the centuries. From the first descriptions of skin diseases in Egyptian papyri and in Hippocratic writings to the first treatises on dermatology, important individuals and discoveries have marked the specialty. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the specialty consolidated itself as a field of medical study based on the first classifications of dermatoses, diagnostic methods, and drug treatments. In the 20th century, the scientific and technological revolution transformed dermatological practice, incorporating new therapeutic resources, as well as surgical and aesthetic procedures. In the face of such a vigorous process, it is important to provide a historical synthesis for the medical community to recognize and understand the origins that supported one of the most relevant specialties in the current medical scenario.

Abstract Patients with psychocutaneous disorders often refuse psychiatric intervention in their first consultations, leaving initial management to the dermatologist. The use of psychotropic agents in dermatological practice, represented by antidepressants, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, and mood stabilizers, should be indicated so that patients receive the most suitable treatment rapidly. It is important for dermatologists to be familiar with the most commonly used drugs for the best management of psychiatric symptoms associated with dermatoses, as well as to manage dermatologic symptoms triggered by psychiatric disorders.

Abstract Hailey-Hailey disease, or familial benign pemphigus, is a rare bullous genodermatosis that usually presents with flaccid blisters, erosions, and maceration limited to flexural areas, resulting in increased morbidity and reduced quality of life for affected patients. The authors report an unusual case of generalized Hailey-Hailey disease with erythroderma and fatal outcome.

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis is a highly prevalent inflammatory and pruritic dermatosis with a multifactorial etiology, which includes skin barrier defects, immune dysfunction, and microbiome alterations. Atopic dermatitis is mediated by genetic, environmental, and psychological factors and requires therapeutic management that covers all the aspects of its complex pathogenesis. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to present the experience, opinions, and recommendations of Brazilian dermatology experts regarding the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis. METHODS: Eighteen experts from 10 university hospitals with experience in atopic dermatitis were appointed by the Brazilian Society of Dermatology to organize a consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis. The 18 experts answered an online questionnaire with 14 questions related to the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Afterwards, they analyzed the recent international guidelines on atopic dermatitis of the American Academy of Dermatology, published in 2014, and of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, published in 2018. Consensus was defined as approval by at least 70% of the panel. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The experts stated that the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis is based on skin hydration, topical anti-inflammatory agents, avoidance of triggering factors, and educational programs. Systemic therapy, based on immunosuppressive agents, is only indicated for severe refractory disease and after failure of topical therapy. Early detection and treatment of secondary bacterial and viral infections is mandatory, and hospitalization may be needed to control atopic dermatitis flares. Novel target-oriented drugs such as immunobiologicals are invaluable therapeutic agents for atopic dermatitis.

Abstract: Background: Topical antimicrobial drugs are indicated for limited superficial pyodermitis treatment, although they are largely used as self-prescribed medication for a variety of inflammatory dermatoses, including atopic dermatitis. Monitoring bacterial susceptibility to these drugs is difficult, given the paucity of laboratory standardization. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus topical antimicrobial drug resistance in atopic dermatitis patients. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of children and adults diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and S. aureus colonization. We used miscellaneous literature reported breakpoints to define S. aureus resistance to mupirocin, fusidic acid, gentamicin, neomycin and bacitracin. Results: A total of 91 patients were included and 100 S. aureus isolates were analyzed. All strains were methicillin-susceptible S. aureus. We found a low prevalence of mupirocin and fusidic acid resistance (1.1% and 5.9%, respectively), but high levels of neomycin and bacitracin resistance (42.6% and 100%, respectively). Fusidic acid resistance was associated with more severe atopic dermatitis, demonstrated by higher EASI scores (median 17.8 vs 5.7, p=.009). Our results also corroborate the literature on the absence of cross-resistance between the aminoglycosides neomycin and gentamicin. Conclusions: Our data, in a southern Brazilian sample of AD patients, revealed a low prevalence of mupirocin and fusidic acid resistance of S. aureus atopic eczema colonizer strains. However, for neomycin and bacitracin, which are commonly used topical antimicrobial drugs in Brazil, high levels of resistance were identified. Further restrictions on the use of these antimicrobials seem necessary to keep resistance as low as possible.

Today, obesity is considered an epidemic all over the world and it is recognized as one of the major public health problems. Bariatric surgery is considered an appropriate therapeutic option for obesity with progressively increasing demands. The changes resulting from massive weight loss after bariatric surgery are related to numerous complications. This article will present the dermatological alterations that can be found after bariatric surgery. They will be subdivided into dermatoses that are secondary to metabolic and nutritional disorders, those derived from cutaneous structural modifications after major weight loss and the influence the latter may have in improving of certain dermatoses.

BACKGROUND: The literature has shown that the presence of emotional disturbances in caregivers of children with skin diseases affects the course and treatment of the disease. Anxiety and depression are among the most frequently reported psychiatric diagnoses related to this fact. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of anxiety and depression in caregivers of pediatric patients with chronic skin disorders, exemplified by atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and vitiligo, and correlate them to the quality of life of the patients. METHODS: The sample consisted of 118 patients with atopic dermatitis, vitiligo and psoriasis, monitored by their main caregiver. The levels of anxiety and depression in the caregivers were assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory, respectively. The Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index was applied. RESULTS: Anxiety was observed in 36% of the caregivers of the patients with atopic dermatitis, in 36% of those of children affected by psoriasis, and in 42% of those responsible for pediatric patients with vitiligo. Depression occurred in 36% of the caregivers of patients with atopic dermatitis, in 36% of those of children affected by psoriasis and in 26% of those responsible for pediatric patients with vitiligo. There was a significant correlation between poor quality of life scores in patients with vitiligo and the presence of depression and anxiety in their caregivers. CONCLUSION: Emotional disorders tend to be present among close family members of children with the chronic skin diseases studied and their prevention can help in controlling and treating these diseases.

BACKGROUND: Skin diseases cause negative impact on the emotional state, social relationships and daily activities, due to the stigma caused by the appearance of the lesions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the quality of life of pediatric patients with skin diseases attending a dermatology service, compare the scores obtained among the dermatoses found in the sample and associate them to the variables, in addition to observing how the skin disease specifically affects quality of life. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, with patients between 5 and 16 years attending the Dermatology Service of the University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Brazil, between July 2010 and February 2011. The data collection instruments were the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire and the AUEQI questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 161 patients were interviewed, with mean age of 9,66 years. The main dermatoses were atopic dermatitis (29.8%), warts (13%) and molluscum contagiosum (7.5%). Chronic diseases (73.9%) were the most prevalent. The overall mean Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index score was 5.01 for chronic dermatoses and 2.07 for acute illnesses, indicating a compromised quality of life among chronically ill patients. The comparison between the scores obtained with the AUEQI scale and the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index scores indicates that the overall quality of life is less affected than the specific quality of life related to the dermatosis. CONCLUSIONS: The data presented reinforce how important it is that the patients, their families and caregivers understand the symptoms, triggers and treatment of the skin disease in question. This information facilitates adherence to the treatment and justifies the conduct adopted by the dermatologist.FUNDAMENTOS: Doenças dermatológicas, em razão dos estigmas pela aparência das lesões, são fonte de impacto negativo no estado emocional, relações sociais e atividades cotidianas. OBJETIVOS: Este estudo objetiva avaliar a qualidade de vida nos pacientes dermatológicos pediátricos em um centro de referência em dermatologia, comparar os índices de qualidade de vida entre as dermatoses e associá-los às variáveis, além de avaliar de que forma as dermatoses afetam a qualidade de vida especificamente. MÉTODOS: Estudo analítico transversal, pacientes entre 5 e 16 anos, do Serviço de Dermatologia da Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, entre julho de 2010 e fevereiro de 2011. Instrumentos utilizados: questionário Índice Pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida em Dermatologia e escala AUQEI. RESULTADOS: Um total de 161 pacientes, média de idade de 9,66 anos. As principais dermatoses foram dermatite atópica (29,8%), verrugas vulgares (13%) e molusco contagioso (7,5%). Doenças crônicas (73,9%) foram mais prevalentes. A média do Índice Pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida em Dermatologia de 5,01 para dermatoses crônicas, e de 2,07 em agudas, indicando maior comprometimento da qualidade de vida entre os pacientes cronicamente enfermos. A comparação entre os escores obtivos com a escala AUEQI e o Índice Pediátrico de Qualidade de Vida em Dermatologia indicam que a qualidade de vida global é afetada com menor intensidade do que a relacionada especificamente à dermatose. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados obtidos reforçam a importância do entendimento dos sintomas, desencadeantes e da terapêutica da dermatose em questão pelos pacientes, por seus familiares e por seus cuidadores. Tais infomações facilitam a aderência ao tratamento e justificam a conduta adotada pelo dermatologista.

Atopic Dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects a large number of children and adults. The disease results from an interaction between genetic predisposition, host environment, skin barrier defects, and immunological factors. A major aggravating factor associated with Atopic Dermatitis is the presence of microorganisms on the patient's skin surface. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, for instance, can exacerbate chronic skin inflammation. As a result, antimicrobials have often been prescribed to control the acute phase of the disease. However, increased bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents has made it difficult for dermatologists to prescribe appropriate medication. In the presence of disseminated dermatitis with secondary infection, systemic antibiotics need to be prescribed; however, treatment should be individualized, in an attempt to find the most effective antibiotic with fewer side effects. Also, the medication should be used for as short as possible in order to minimize bacterial resistance.A dermatite atópica é uma doença inflamatória crônica da pele que afeta um grande número de crianças e adultos. A doença resulta da interação entre predisposição genética, fatores ambientais, defeitos da barreira cutânea e fatores imunológicos. Um dos grandes fatores agravantes associados à dermatite atópica é a presença de microorganismos na superfície cutânea desses pacientes. Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus pyogenes, por exemplo, podem exacerbar a inflamação crônica da pele. Como resultado, antimicrobianos são prescritos para controlar a fase aguda da doença. O constante crescimento da resistência bacteriana aos antimicrobianos tem tornado a escolha do mais adequado medicamento uma difícil decisão para os dermatologistas. Na presença de dermatite disseminada com infecção secundaria, antibióticos sistêmicos necessitam ser prescritos; no entanto, o tratamento deve ser individualizado, de forma a encontrar o antimicrobiano mais eficaz e com menores efeitos colaterais. Além disso, esse medicamento deve ser utilizado pelo menor tempo possível, a fim de minimizar a resistência bacteriana.

BACKGROUND: The skin is the primary interface of the human being with the external environment and the presence of skin diseases can have substantial effects on the quality of life. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to make a comparative evaluation of the quality of life of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and vitiligo and correlate the findings with the total body surface and the areas with the disease exposed to view. METHODS: The sample consisted of 118 patients with atopic dermatitis, vitiligo and psoriasis, aged between 5 and 16 years, who were asked to answer the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) questionnaire. A dermatological examination for the measurement of total body surface affected by the disease was performed. RESULTS: The three groups showed an impaired quality of life. Patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis showed a significantly greater impact on the QoL than the group with vitiligo. There is a trend towards impaired quality of life in patients from the three groups of dermatoses, which is related to increments in both the total affected area and affected area exposed to view (r = 0.428 and p FUNDAMENTOS: A pele é a principal interface do ser humano com o meio externo e a presença de doenças cutâneas pode levar a repercussões importantes na qualidade de vida. OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo tem como objetivo fazer uma avaliação comparativa entre a qualidade de vida dos pacientes pediátricos com dermatite atópica, vitiligo e psoríase e correlacioná-la à superfície corporal total e às áreas expostas à visualização acometidas pela doença. MÉTODOS: Amostra composta por 118 pacientes com dermatite atópica, vitiligo e psoríase na faixa etária entre 5 a 16 anos para a aplicação do questionário Índice de Qualidade de Vida para Dermatologia em Crianças (CDLQI). Realizado exame dermatológico para a aferição da superfície corporal total acometida pela doença. RESULTADOS: Os três grupos de pacientes pediátricos demonstraram ter redução na qualidade de vida. Os pacientes com dermatite atópica e psoríase apresentaram um impacto na QoL significativamente maior que o grupo com vitiligo. Há uma tendência na redução da qualidade de vida dos pacientes dos três grupos de dermatoses relacionado ao aumento tanto da superfície total quanto da superfície exposta à visualização (r=0,428 e p

A pitiríase versicolor é uma doença de distribuição universal. Existe a descrição de 12 espécies de malassezia. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar quais as espécies de malassezia mais prevalentes nos pacientes com pitiríase versicolor. Foram realizadas as coletas através de raspado das lesões nos pacientes com suspeita clínica de pitiríase versicolor e posterior exame micológico e cultural para identificação final da espécie. Foram coletadas amostras de 87 pacientes. Quanto às culturas, 30% foram de Malassezia sympodialis, 25,7% de Malassezia furfur, 22,7% de Malassezia globosa, 12,1% de Malassezia retrita, 7,6% de Malassezia obtusa e 1,5% de Malassezia sloofiae

FUNDAMENTOS: prurido é o sintoma mais freqüente nos pacientes nefropatas em hemodiálise. Parâmetros laboratoriais anormais têm sido encontrados, com dados conflitantes. OBJETIVO: relacionar a prevalência de prurido com alterações no metabolismo mineral de pacientes em hemodiálise. MÉTODOS: estudo caso-controle. Avaliados 105 pacientes, sendo os pacientes com prurido os casos, preencheram o questionário do protocolo de pesquisa e a escala análoga visual, os dados laboratoriais foram coletados dos prontuários eletrônicos. RESULTADOS: a média de idade foi de 51,9 anos, 59% dos pacientes eram homens e 43% dos pacientes tinham prurido. Xerodermia ocorreu em 45% dos pacientes. Níveis elevados de Ca foram demonstrados em 55% dos pacientes e 47% tinham prurido. Quanto ao fósforo 60% tinham valores elevados e 43% tinham prurido. A relação Ca/P foi normal em todos. O paratormônio mostrou-se elevado em 95% dos pacientes, todos referindo prurido. CONCLUSÃO: houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o grupo de pacientes com prurido e xerodermia. Os níveis séricos de Cálcio, Fósforo, relação Ca/P, PTHi e o tamanho do dialisador não apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativa com o prurido. Logo, encontramos relação importante entre xerodermia e prurido, sem relação com os parâmetros laboratoriais avaliados.BACKGROUND: Uremic pruritus is the most frequent symptom in long-term hemodialysis patients. Abnormal laboratory parameters have been found with conflicting data. OBJECTIVE: To correlate the prevalence of pruritus with alterations in mineral metabolism in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: This was a case-control study. A hundred and five patients on maintenance hemodialysis were evaluated: a group of patients with pruritus and a control group. They answered a research protocol questionnaire; laboratory data were collected from medical records and the patients with pruritus filled out a visual analogue scale (VAS) to measure pruritus level. RESULTS: The mean age was 51.9 years; 59% of the patients were men and 43% of the patients had pruritus. Xeroderma occurred in 45% of the patients. High levels of calcium were demonstrated in 55% of the patients and 47% had pruritus. 60% of the patients had high phosphorus levels and 43% had pruritus. The Ca/P ratio was normal for all the patients. Parathyroid hormone was high in 95% of the patients, all of them referring pruritus. CONCLUSION: There was a statistically significant association between the group of patients with pruritus and xeroderma. Serum calcium and phosphorus levels, Ca/P ratio, PTHi and size of the dialyzer did not show a statistically significant association with pruritus. Therefore, we found an important relationship between xeroderma and pruritus, with no relation with the assessed laboratory parameters.

Duas irmãs com doença de Hailey-Hailey, com lesões recorrentes - uma em axilas e outra em região inguinal -, e resposta limitada aos tratamentos clássicos. Elas foram tratadas com aplicação de toxina botulínica tipo A. Observamos que houve importante melhora na paciente tratada na região inguinal e remissão completa na paciente em cujas axilas sofreram tratamento. Além disso, foi possível poupar uso de antibióticos sistêmicos e corticoides tópicos. O alto custo é um fator restritivo para uso rotineiro e estudos maiores são necessários para definir eficácia e relação custo-benefício dessa intervenção.Two sisters with recurrent lesions, one on axillae and other on the groin, and with limited response to classical treatments were treated with injections botulinum toxin type A. We observed marked improvement in the patient treated in the groin and complete remission in the patient treated in the axillae. It was possible to spare the use of systemic antibiotics and topical corticosteroids. The high cost is a restrictive factor to routine use and large studies are necessary to access efficacy and cost benefit profile.

FUNDAMENTOS: Algumas dermatoses repercutem, pela sua aparência, na vida pessoal, profissional e social dos pacientes. Faz-se necessária a valorização desse tema visando-se à avaliação global desses indivíduos, para o estabelecimento de uma abordagem terapêutica mais eficaz. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a qualidade de vida e a frequência de sofrimento psíquico nos pacientes em um centro de Dermatologia. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal. Após consulta, aplicou-se o Índice de Qualidade de Vida para Dermatologia (DLQI) e o Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20). RESULTADOS: Foram entrevistados 1.000 pacientes. Não houve efeito da dermatose sobre a qualidade de vida em 21,5% deles; 34,2% apresentaram "pouco efeito", 21,6%, "efeito moderado", 19,3%, "grande efeito" e 3,4%, efeito extremo sobre a qualidade de vida. A correlação entre sofrimento psíquico e dermatoses não mostrou associação estatística significativa. Comparando-se os dois questionários, houve associação significante entre presença de sofrimento psíquico e pior qualidade de vida (pBACKGROUND: Some dermatoses affect the personal, professional and social lives of patients as a result of their unsightliness. It is important to pay appropriate attention in the overall evaluation of these individuals in order to implement a more effective therapeutic approach. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the quality of life and the incidence of psychological distress in patients receiving care at a dermatology clinic. METHODS: A cross-sectional study. Following consultation, the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) were applied. RESULTS: One thousand patients were interviewed, 77.2% of whom were women. Most patients were in the 4160 year age-group. Dermatoses had no effect at all on the quality of life of 21.5% of patients, a small effect in 34.2% of cases, a moderate effect in 21.6%, a very large effect in 19.3% and an extremely large effect in 3.4% of patients. No statistically significant correlation was found between psychological distress and dermatoses. Comparison of the two questionnaires showed a statistically significant association between the presence of psychological distress and poorer quality of life (p

FUNDAMENTOS: O prurido é um sintoma freqüente nos pacientes em hemodiálise. Tem etiologia não totalmente esclarecida e difícil manejo, o que piora de modo considerável a qualidade de vida dos doentes. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o grau de prurido e sua influência na qualidade de vida dos pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise no Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, que apresentassem prurido sem outras dermatoses. Utilizou-se a escala análoga visual para mensuração do grau de prurido e o questionário do Índice de Qualidade de Vida para Dermatologia. RESULTADOS: Dos 200 pacientes avaliados, 69 (34,5%) apresentaram prurido, dos quais 16 (23%) de grau leve, 39 (56,5%) moderado e 14 (20,2%) grave. Quando analisada a qualidade de vida, verificou-se que em 14 (20,3%) não houve influência do prurido na qualidade de vida. Entretanto, para 26 pacientes (37,4%), o prurido teve um pequeno efeito, em nove (13%) houve efeito moderado, 13 (18,8%) foram afetados de maneira grave e em sete (10,1%) houve influência extremamente grave. CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo, 57% dos indivíduos não demonstraram alterações importantes na qualidade de vida relacionadas ao prurido, mas um número significativo estava na faixa de muito e extremamente alterado, o que denota a necessidade de atenção ao tratamento deste sintoma neste grupo de pacientes.INTRODUCTION: Pruritus is a frequent symptom affecting patients on hemodialysis. Its etiology is not known and treatment is difficult. This symptom considerably worsens the patients’ quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the degree of pruritus and its influence on the quality of life of patients on hemodialysis. METHODS: Patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis and presenting pruritus in a Hospital of Porto Alegre were enrolled in this transversal study. A visual analogue scale for measuring the degree of pruritus was used and the Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire was applied. RESULTS: Of 200 evaluated patients; 69 (34.5%) presented pruritus, of whom 16 (23%) of mild degree, 39 (56.5%) moderate, 14 (20.2%) severe. Quality of life assessment revealed that in 14 of the patients (20.3%) there was no influence of pruritus, in 26 (37.4%) there was a small effect, in nine (13%) a moderate effect, in 13 (18.8%) a serious effect and in seven (10.1%) there was an extremely serious influence of pruritus on the quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, 57% of the individuals did not demonstrate important alterations in the quality of life related to the pruritus. A significant number of patients on hemodialysis have their quality of life from moderately to extremely modified by pruritus, which demonstrates the need for treating this symptom.

FUNDAMENTO: Estima-se que um terço dos pacientes com doença dermatológica possua aspectos emocionais associados. OBJETIVOS: Verificar a prevalência de sofrimento psíquico em pacientes com dermatoses do espectro dos transtornos psicocutâneos (DETP), bem como relacionar o grau de sofrimento psíquico com doença, tempo de evolução, sexo e idade do paciente. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo transversal. Foram incluídos 76 pacientes com DETP, de ambos os sexos e idade de 15 a 60 anos. Foi aplicado questionário de triagem de doença mental, o SRQ-20 (Self Reported Questionnaire), elaborado pela OMS. RESULTADOS: Observou-se a presença de sofrimento psíquico em 25% dos pacientes, sendo que as pacientes dermatológicas apresentaram OR=14 para SRQ positivo em relação aos homens. O teste qui-quadrado não demonstrou associação estatisticamente significativa entre doença dermatológica e presença de sofrimento psíquico. Considerando-se apenas os pacientes portadores de acne vulgar e vitiligo, observou-se que os últimos apresentavam significativamente maior sofrimento psíquico do que os primeiros (OR=8,9; p=0,034). CONCLUSÕES: Os dados confirmaram a alta prevalência de sofrimento psíquico em pacientes com algumas dermatoses. Além disso, sugerem que doenças crônicas e inestéticas, como vitiligo, podem estar associadas a maior grau de sofrimento nessa população. Os resultados do teste qui-quadrado, apesar de não significativos para a associação de dermatoses em geral e sofrimento psíquico, demonstraram forte tendência nesse sentido.BACKGROUND: It is estimated that emotional aspects are involved in one third of patients with skin diseases. OBJECTIVE: To verify the prevalence of psychological distress in patients with psychocutaneous disorder dermatoses (PDD), as well as to relate the degree of psychological distress to the disease, duration of disease progression, gender and age of patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study. It included 76 male and female patients presenting PDD; age range 15-60 years. The patients answered the SRQ-20 (Self-Reported Questionnaire) prepared by the WHO to screen patients for mental disorders. RESULTS: The presence of psychological distress was observed in 25% of patients; in that, the females presented OR=14 to positive SRQ in respect to males. The chi-square test did not show statistically significant association between skin disease and presence of psychological distress. Taking in to account only patients with acne vulgaris and vitiligo, it could be observed that the latter presented higher levels of psychological distress than the former (OR=8.9; p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS: These data confirm the high prevalence of psychological distress in patients with some dermatoses. Moreover, they suggest that chronic diseases presenting esthetically unpleasant appearance, such as vitiligo, may be associated to a higher level of psychological distress in this population. There was no significant association between dermatoses in general and psychological distress although a strong trend could be observed.

FUNDAMENTOS: Pacientes portadores de dermatite atópica apresentam freqüentemente níveis séricos elevados de IgE, e o prurido é uma das manifestações cardinais da doença. OBJETIVOS: Descrever as características do prurido nos pacientes com dermatite atópica (DA) e correlacionar a gravidade do eczema com os níveis plasmáticos de imunoglobulina E (IgE). MÉTODOS: Os pacientes com dermatite atópica atendidos no Serviço de Dermatologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre e nos Serviços de Pediatria e Dermatologia da Universidade Luterana do Brasil responderam a um questionário sobre sintomas da dermatite atópica e deles foi coletado sangue para dosagem da IgE sérica. A gravidade da dermatose foi calculada conforme critérios sugeridos por Rajka et al. Os dados foram analisados no programa SPSS. RESULTADOS: Oitenta e nove pacientes completaram o estudo. A média de idade foi de 9,6 ± 9 anos, e 51% dos pacientes eram do sexo feminino. Quando analisada a freqüência de prurido de acordo com a gravidade do quadro clínico, foi encontrada uma relação significativa (p = 0,003). Os pacientes com quadro leve de dermatite atópica tinham coceira diária em 45% dos casos; aqueles com quadro grave tinham 90,9% de sintomas diários; e apenas 4,5% tinham mais de sete dias de intervalo entre os episódios de coceira. A mediana dos níveis de IgE sérica foi de 347UIml. As medianas da IgE sérica nos pacientes com eczema leve, moderado e grave foram 279UIml, 347UI/ml e 952UI/ml, respectivamente (p = 0,699). Pacientes do sexo feminino apresentaram níveis de IgE menores do que os do sexo masculino (212UI/ml and 2067UI/ml, p= 0,004). CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com quadros graves de dermatite atópica apresentam prurido mais freqüente do que aqueles com manifestações mais leves. Na avaliação dos níveis séricos de IgE em relação à gravidade da DA, apesar de os valores serem mais altos nos pacientes mais graves, não se encontrou relação estatística significativa. Pacientes do sexo masculino têm níveis séricos de IgE significativamente mais altos do que os do sexo feminino. A freqüência do prurido está relacionada com a gravidade da dermatite atópica.BACKGROUND: Atopic dermatitis patients often have high serum immunoglubulin E (IgE) levels and pruritus is a major symptom of the disorder. OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of pruritus in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and to correlate severity of eczema with plasma IgE levels. METHODS: Patients with atopic dermatitis seen at the Dermatology Service of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre and at the Dermatology and Pediatrics Service of Universidade Luterana do Brasil filled out a questionnaire on AD symptoms and had their blood collected for serum IgE levels. Severity of dermatitis was assessed according to criteria adopted by Rajka et al. Data were analyzed by SPSS program. RESULTS: Eighty-nine patients completed the study. The mean age was 9.6 ± 9 years and 51% were female. The relation between frequency of pruritus and severity of dermatitis was significant (p=0.003). Forty-five percent of patients with mild atopic dermatitis presented pruritus every day, 90.9% of severe patients showed daily symptoms, and only 4.5% remained symptom-free for more than seven days. The median serum IgE level was 347 UI/ml. The median serum IgE levels for mild, moderate and severe cases was 279 UI/ml, 347 UI/ml and 952UI/ml, respectively (p=0.699). Females showed significantly lower serum IgE levels when compared to males (212 UI/ml vs. 2067 UI/ml, p=0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Although IgE levels were higher in severe patients, this study did not demonstrate a trend toward greater levels in patients with severe eczema as compared with mild eczema. Males have significantly higher serum IgE levels than females.

Psoriasis Family Index is a quality of life instrument for family members of patients with psoriasis developed in English. The aims of this study were to translate the Psoriasis Family Index into Brazilian Portuguese, culturally adapt it and verify its reliability and validity. The study followed these two steps: 1) Translation, linguistic and cultural adaptation, 2) Validation. The translated Psoriasis Family Index showed high internal consistency and high test-retest reliability, confirming its reproducibility. The Portuguese version of the Psoriasis Family Index was validated for our population and can be recommended as a reliable instrument to assess the QoL of family members and partners of patients with psoriasis.Psoriasis Family Index é um instrumento para aferição da qualidade de vida em familiares de pacientes com psoríase, desenvolvido em língua inglesa. O objetivo deste estudo é traduzir o Psoriasis Family Index para o Português, adaptá-lo culturalmente e determinar sua confiabilidade e validade. Foi realizado em duas etapas: 1) tradução, adaptação cultural e linguística e 2) validação. O Psoriasis Family Index traduzido demonstrou alta consistência interna e alta confiabilidade de teste e reteste, confirmando sua reprodutibilidade. A versão brasileira do Psoriasis Family Index foi validada para nossa população e pode ser recomendada como uma ferramenta na avaliação da influência da psoríase na família dos pacientes.

A lesão cutânea do eritema ab igne é caracterizada por eritema reticulado, hiperpigmentação, descamação fina, atrofia epidérmica e telangiectasias. Atualmente, a região lombar é a mais atingida, devido ao uso de bolsas de água quente, para alívio de dores crônicas, e por constantes exposições a calor profundo em sessões de fisioterapia. Os autores alertam sobre uma dermatose pouco diagnosticada e que talvez seja mais prevalente pela alta freqüência com que são realizados tratamentos fisioterápicos.The cutaneous lesion of erythema ab igne is characterized by a reticulate erythema, hyperpigmentation, fine scaling, epidermal atrophy and telangiectasis. Currently the lumbar region is the most affected, due to the use of hot water bottles to relieve chronic pains, and by constant exposure to deep heat in physiotherapy sessions. The authors call attention to a dermatosis that is not often diagnosed, and that may be more prevalent, because of the high frequency with which such physiotherapeutic treatments are performed.