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1. Fiber sources in diets for newly weaned piglets

Author

Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Pascoal, Maria Cristina Thomaz, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Urbano dos Santos Ruiz, Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel, Alessandro Borges Amorim, Everton Daniel, and Guido Carlos Iselda Masson

Subjects
dietary fiber, gut microbiota, intestinal health, weaning, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp in the diet of weaned piglets. A total of 72 piglets (36 castrated males and 36 females) weaned at 21 days of age (BW 6.45±0.66 kg) was distributed according to a randomized block design, for evaluation of performance, transit time, diarrhea incidence and blood parameters of piglets which received diets containing different sources of fiber. The experimental diets were: control diet - diet composed of corn, soybean meal and a source of lactose; control + 1.5% purified cellulose; control + 3% soybean hull and control + 9% citrus pulp. The inclusion of purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp in diets of weaned piglets did not affect the performance or transit time of diets in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the use of purified cellulose reduced incidence of diarrhea. The use of purified cellulose, soybean hull and citrus pulp in the diet of weaned piglets does not affect performance or gastrointestinal transit time. The addition of purified cellulose promotes a beneficial effect to control the diarrhea in weaned piglets.

Published
2012
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2. Complexo enzimático para suínos: digestão, metabolismo, desempenho e impacto ambiental Enzyme complex for swine: nutrient digestion, metabolism, performance and environmental impact

Author

Urbano dos Santos Ruiz, Maria Cristina Thomaz, Melissa Izabel Hannas, Alessandro Luís Fraga, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, and Susana Zaneti da Silva

Subjects
enzimas exógenas, leitões, poluição ambiental, produção e composição de fezes, environmental pollution, exogenous enzymes, feces production and composition, piglets, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

Foram conduzidos dois experimentos para avaliar a suplementação enzimática (amilase, pentosanase, celulase, protease e a-galactosidase) em rações à base de milho e farelo de soja para suínos. No Exp 1, foram determinadas as digestibilidades aparentes da energia, matéria seca, proteína e das fibras das rações, com ou sem o complexo enzimático, para suínos machos castrados, com 19,96 ± 2,90 kg de peso vivo. Foi utilizado o método da coleta total de fezes e as rações foram formuladas com níveis reduzidos de energia, proteína e aminoácidos. No Exp 2, foram mensurados o desempenho, a excreção de sólidos totais e voláteis, matéria mineral, nitrogênio, macro e microminerais nas fezes, em relação ao desempenho, de suínos machos castrados dos 50 aos 151 dias de idade, com peso médio inicial de 18,34 ± 1,35 kg. Foram utilizadas três dietas, sendo uma ração formulada para atender ou exceder as exigências nutricionais dos animais, de acordo com o NRC (1998), e outras duas com níveis reduzidos de energia, proteína e aminoácidos, suplementadas ou não com o complexo enzimático. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados. A suplementação enzimática em rações contendo milho e farelo de soja não promoveu incrementos na digestibilidade de nutrientes, não melhorou o desempenho dos animais e também não reduziu a excreção de resíduos pelas fezes. Mais estudos são necessários para testar novas matrizes e diferentes níveis do complexo enzimático.Two experiments were conducted to evaluate dietary enzyme supplementation (amylase, pentosanase, celulase and a-galactosidase) in corn-soy diets for swine. In the Exp 1, the apparent digestibilities of energy, dry matter, protein and fibers of the feeds were determined, using a nutritional matrix with or without enzyme supplementation for barrows with 19.96 ± 2.90 kg body weight. The total feces collection method was used and the diets were formulated with reduced energy, protein and amino acids levels. In the Exp 2, growth performance, production and composition of feces in total solids, volatile solids, nitrogen, macro and micro minerals, in relation to growth performance, were measured in barrows from 50 to 151 days of age and 18.34 ± 1.35 kg initial body weight. Three experimental diets were used, one formulated to meet or exceed the nutritional requirements of swine according to NRC (1998) and the others with reduced energy, protein and amino acids levels, with or without the enzyme complex. It was used a complete randomized block design. Dietary enzyme supplementation in feeds based mainly on corn and soybean meal did not improve nutrient digestibilities and growth performance neither reduced nutrient excretion in feces. More research is necessary to test new nutritional matrix and different levels of the enzyme complex.

Published
2008
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3. Equações de predição da composição química corporal a partir do corte da 9-10-11ª costelas de bovinos castrados Nelore Prediction of chemical body composition by using the 9-10-11th ribs cut on Nellore steers

Author

Rosemary Laís Galati, Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel, Octavio Guilherme da Cruz e Silva, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Viviane Correa Santos, and Bruno Biagioli

Subjects
bovinos de corte, coeficiente de determinação, corpo vazio, extrato etéreo, proteína, beef cattle, coefficient of determination, empty body, ether extract, protein, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

Objetivou-se obter equações de regressão linear simples para estimativa da composição química corporal de novilhos Nelore a partir da composição química do corte da 9-10-11ª costelas. Foram utilizados 27 bovinos em confinamento, com 21 a 31 meses de idade e 338,0 a 503,6 kg de peso corporal. Do total, foram abatidos seis animais (referência) ao início do experimento para estimativa da composição química corporal. A composição química em água, proteína, EE e cinzas foi determinada no corte da 9-10-11ª costelas e nos tecidos corporais. As equações de regressão para estimativa do peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ) a partir dos pesos de jejum (PV) e carcaça quente (PCQ) foram PCVZ = 0,8726 PV - 2,7399 e PCVZ = 1,5350 PCQ + 13,598 (R² = 0,98). O ganho de 1 kg de PCVZ correspondeu a aproximadamente 1,15 kg de PV. A porcentagem de água no corpo vazio (CVz) esteve altamente correlacionada às porcentagens de água (R² = 0,98) e EE (R² = 0,91) no corte das costelas. A equação mais indicada foi a desenvolvida a partir da porcentagem de água no corte das costelas (Sx, y = 0,46). Verificou-se alta correlação entre a porcentagem de EE no CVz e a porcentagem de EE (R² = 0,95) no corte das costelas, portanto, a equação %EE CVz = 0,9662%EE costelas + 1,5294 pode ser utilizada para estimativa da composição do CVz em EE. O mesmo ocorreu para a porcentagem de cinzas, sendo recomendada a equação %MM CVz = 0,5915%MM costelas + 0,7619 (R² = 0,88). A composição química percentual em água, EE e minerais no corte das 9-10-11ª costelas permitiu estimar com acuidade a composição do corpo vazio.The objective of this trial was to develop simple regression equations for estimating the chemical body composition of Nellore steers by using the chemical composition of the 9-10-11th ribs cut. Twenty-seven feedlot Nellore steers varying from 338.0 to 503.6 kg of BW and from 21 to 31 months of age were used. Six reference animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the trial to estimate the initial chemical body composition. Contents of water, protein, EE, and ash of the 9-10-11th ribs cut and body tissues were determined. Regression equations for estimating empty body weight (EBW) through measurements of BW and hot carcass weight (HCW) were: EBW = 0.8726 LW - 2.7399 and EBW = 1.5350 HCW + 13.598. The high R² values (0.98) in both equations indicated that the EBW of Nellore steers can be predicted by using BW and HCW. The gain of 1.0 kg of EBW corresponded to approximately 1.15 kg of BW. Water content of empty body (EB) was highly correlated with water (R² = 0.98) and EE (R² = 0.91) contents of the ribs cut; the equation based on the percentage of water in the ribs cut had the best fit (Sx, y = 0.46). Because the percentage of EB EE was highly correlated (R² = 0.95) with that of the ribs cut, the equation %EB EE = 0.9662% ribs EE + 1.5294 may be used for estimating EE content of EB. The same was true for ash, which can be estimated by the equation %EB ash = 0.5915% ribs ash + 0.7619 (R² = 0.88). It was concluded that the percentage of water, EE, and ash in the 9-10-11th ribs cut accurately estimated the EB composition of feedlot Nellore steers.

Published
2007
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4. Desempenho de novilhos Nelore alimentados com casca de soja ou farelo de gérmen de milho em substituição parcial ao milho moído Effects of partial replacement of ground corn with soybean hulls or corn germ meal on production of Nellore steers

Author

Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel, Octávio Guilherme da Cruz e Silva, Rosemary Laís Galati, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Bruno Biagioli, and Cristian Faturi

Subjects
bovinos de corte, consumo, conversão alimentar, ganho em peso, rendimento de carcaça, beef cattle, carcass dressing, feed conversion, intake, weight gain, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

Objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar a substituição parcial (70%) do milho moído pela casca de soja ou pelo farelo de gérmen de milho em dietas contendo farelo de girassol e uréia (fontes nitrogenadas) e silagem de milho (volumoso) para novilhos Nelore em confinamento. Avaliaram-se o consumo, o ganho de peso, a conversão alimentar e o rendimento de carcaça de 21 animais (25 meses de idade e peso inicial de 343 kg) alimentados com as dietas-teste, fornecidas na proporção 60:40 volumoso:concentrado. O período de avaliação do consumo e do ganho de peso foi de 97 dias. Os consumos de MS (10,78; 9,73 e 10,62 kg/dia), PB (1,40; 1,22 e 1,41 kg/dia) e FDN (3,41; 3,89 e 3,60 kg/dia) não foram influenciados pelas dietas com milho moído, casca de soja e farelo de gérmen de milho, respectivamente. O consumo de FDA (0,56; 0,71 e 0,55% PV) apresentou efeito significativo, observando-se maior valor quando a casca de soja substituiu 70% do milho moído. O ganho de peso não foi influenciado pelas dietas, registrando-se valores de 1,35; 1,29 e 1,32 kg/dia para as dietas contendo milho moído, casca de soja e farelo de gérmen de milho, respectivamente. Não houve efeito, também, sobre a conversão alimentar (7,88 kg de MS ingerida/kg ganho), a eficiência alimentar (0,12 kg ganho/kg MS ingerida) e o rendimento de carcaça (54,52%). A substituição parcial do milho moído pela casca de soja e pelo farelo de gérmen de milho em dietas para novilhos em confinamento não afeta o desempenho e o rendimento de carcaça.The objective of this trial was to study the partial replacement of ground corn with soybean hulls or corn germ meal in diets containing sunflower meal and urea as nitrogen sources and corn silage as forage for confined Nellore steers. Twenty-one steers averaging 25 months of age and 343 kg of initial body weight were assigned to diets containing a forage:concentrate ratio of 60:40. The period for measurements of intake and weight gain lasted 97 days. No significant differences were observed for intakes of dry matter (10.78, 9.73, and 10.62 kg/day), crude protein (1.40, 1.22, and 1.41 kg/day), and neutral detergent fiber (3.41, 3.89, and 3.60 kg/day), respectively, for diets containing ground corn, soybean hulls, and corn germ meal. However, intake of acid detergent fiber was highest (0.71% BW) for steers consuming the diet that soybean hulls replaced 70% of ground corn. Weight gain did not differ averaging 1.35, 1.29, and 1.32 kg/day feeding ground corn, soybean seed hulls, and corn germ meal, respectively. In addition, no significant differences were observed for feed conversion (7.88 kg of DMI/kg of weight gain), feed efficiency (0.12 weight gain/kg of DMI), and carcass dressing (54.52%) across treatments. It can be concluded that soybean hulls and corn germ meal can partially replace ground corn in diets for confined steers because both production and carcass dressing were maintained.

Published
2006
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5. Fiber sources in diets for newly weaned piglets

Author

Alessandro Borges Amorim, Everton Daniel, Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel, Guido Carlos Iselda Hermans Masson, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Maria Cristina Thomaz, Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Pascoal, Urbano dos Santos Ruiz, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Subjects
gut microbiota, Pulp (paper), weaning, Soybean meal, Randomized block design, food and beverages, Biology, engineering.material, dietary fiber, Diarrhea, chemistry.chemical_compound, Blood chemistry, chemistry, medicine, engineering, Weaning, Animal Science and Zoology, intestinal health, Food science, lcsh:Animal culture, medicine.symptom, Cellulose, Lactose, lcsh:SF1-1100
Abstract

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:07:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982012000300024.pdf: 117886 bytes, checksum: 3bd440e4b1739cd16b630d580167ee0b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:07:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982012000300024.pdf: 117886 bytes, checksum: 3bd440e4b1739cd16b630d580167ee0b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:03:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982012000300024.pdf: 117886 bytes, checksum: 3bd440e4b1739cd16b630d580167ee0b (MD5) S1516-35982012000300024.pdf.txt: 34673 bytes, checksum: 9ae1712884e28883aeba9d16db56e8bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:19:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982012000300024.pdf: 117886 bytes, checksum: 3bd440e4b1739cd16b630d580167ee0b (MD5) S1516-35982012000300024.pdf.txt: 34673 bytes, checksum: 9ae1712884e28883aeba9d16db56e8bc (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:19:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982012000300024.pdf: 117886 bytes, checksum: 3bd440e4b1739cd16b630d580167ee0b (MD5) S1516-35982012000300024.pdf.txt: 34673 bytes, checksum: 9ae1712884e28883aeba9d16db56e8bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp in the diet of weaned piglets. A total of 72 piglets (36 castrated males and 36 females) weaned at 21 days of age (BW 6.45±0.66 kg) was distributed according to a randomized block design, for evaluation of performance, transit time, diarrhea incidence and blood parameters of piglets which received diets containing different sources of fiber. The experimental diets were: control diet - diet composed of corn, soybean meal and a source of lactose; control + 1.5% purified cellulose; control + 3% soybean hull and control + 9% citrus pulp. The inclusion of purified cellulose, soybean hulls and citrus pulp in diets of weaned piglets did not affect the performance or transit time of diets in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the use of purified cellulose reduced incidence of diarrhea. The use of purified cellulose, soybean hull and citrus pulp in the diet of weaned piglets does not affect performance or gastrointestinal transit time. The addition of purified cellulose promotes a beneficial effect to control the diarrhea in weaned piglets. Universidade Estadual de São Paulo Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Departamento de Zootecnia

Published
2012

6. Ractopamine in diets for finishing gilts

Author

Leonardo Augusto Fonseca Pascoal, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Maria Cristina Thomaz, José Cristani, Urbano dos Santos Ruiz, Everton Daniel, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC)

Subjects
Randomized block design, β adrenergic agonist, nutrient partitioning agent, Body weight, Feed conversion ratio, desempenho, Ractopamine, β adrenergic agonist, chemistry.chemical_compound, repartidor de nutrientes, chemistry, carcass traits, características de carcaça, agonista β adrenérgico, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, Composition (visual arts), Food science, medicine.symptom, Weight gain, performance, Mathematics
Abstract

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:07:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982011000400017.pdf: 53527 bytes, checksum: 0a1f340fed7fc1e1c13ffc18431d9438 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:07:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982011000400017.pdf: 53527 bytes, checksum: 0a1f340fed7fc1e1c13ffc18431d9438 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T20:12:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982011000400017.pdf: 53527 bytes, checksum: 0a1f340fed7fc1e1c13ffc18431d9438 (MD5) S1516-35982011000400017.pdf.txt: 31800 bytes, checksum: a13cc5e1bd2e6f22748149dca6aec3bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:18:22Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982011000400017.pdf: 53527 bytes, checksum: 0a1f340fed7fc1e1c13ffc18431d9438 (MD5) S1516-35982011000400017.pdf.txt: 31800 bytes, checksum: a13cc5e1bd2e6f22748149dca6aec3bc (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:18:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982011000400017.pdf: 53527 bytes, checksum: 0a1f340fed7fc1e1c13ffc18431d9438 (MD5) S1516-35982011000400017.pdf.txt: 31800 bytes, checksum: a13cc5e1bd2e6f22748149dca6aec3bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-01 Foi realizado um experimento utilizando-se 468 fêmeas, com peso inicial de 84,77 ± 7,20 kg, alojadas em 36 baias, para avaliar os efeitos da adição de ractopamina nas dietas sobre o desempenho, as características e os rendimentos de cortes comerciais da carcaça, a composição e os cortes cárneos do pernil. O desenho experimental usado foi o de blocos ao acaso com quatro níveis de ractopamina (0, 5, 10 e 15 mg/kg de dieta) e nove repetições com 13 animais por unidade experimental. O critério para formação dos blocos foi o peso inicial dos animais. Não foram observados efeitos dos níveis de ractopamina sobre o ganho de peso diário dos animais. O consumo diário de ração apresentou redução linear com o aumento do nível de ractopamina nas dietas. A conversão alimentar dos animais melhorou de forma linear com a inclusão de ractopamina na dieta dos animais. Verificaram-se também diferenças significativas na proporção de gordura e carne na carcaça e nos cortes cárneos. Houve efeito linear decrescente da ractopamina sobre a quantidade e profundidade de gordura e efeito linear crescente sobre a porcentagem de carne magra, de carne no pernil e sobre os pesos de semimembranosus e gluteus medius. Dietas para fêmeas suínas em fase final de terminação devem conter 15 mg de ractopamina por kg. An experiment was carried out using 468 gilts, with an initial weight of 84.77 ± 7.20 kg and allotted into 36 pens to evaluate the effect of the addition of ractopamine in the diets on performance, characteristics and yields of carcass comercial cuts, composition and retail cuts of ham. It was used a randomized block design with four levels of ractopamine (0, 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg of diet) and nine replicates with 13 animals per experimental unit. The initial body weight of the animals was the criterion used to form the blocks. It was not observed any effects of levels of ractopamine on daily weight gain of the animals. Daily feed intake presented a linear reduction when the level of dietary ractopamine was increased. Feed conversion of the animals was linearly improved with the inclusion of ractopamine in the diet. Significant differences were verified at fat and meat proportions on the carcass and wholesale cuts. There was a decreasing linear effect caused by ractopamine on the quantity and depth of fat and a linear increasing effect on lean percentage, on ham meat and on the weights of semimembranosus and gluteus medius. Diets for finishing gilts should contain 15 mg/kg of ractopamine per kg. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Universidade Estadual de Santa Catarina Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias

Published
2011

7. Enzyme complex for swine: nutrient digestion, metabolism, performance and environmental impact

Author

Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Susana Zaneti da Silva, Maria Cristina Thomaz, Alessandro Luís Fraga, Melissa Izabel Hannas, Urbano dos Santos Ruiz, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), All Nutri LTDA, and Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)

Subjects
Animal science, exogenous enzymes, Feces production and composition, Piglets, Leitões, Chemistry, Exogenous enzymes, Enzimas exógenas, poluição ambiental, Animal Science and Zoology, Environmental pollution, Produção e composição de fezes, environmental pollution
Abstract

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:07:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982008000300011.pdf: 71107 bytes, checksum: 973bc0c4711c4d084a166e50f7e876c2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:07:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982008000300011.pdf: 71107 bytes, checksum: 973bc0c4711c4d084a166e50f7e876c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T20:11:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982008000300011.pdf: 71107 bytes, checksum: 973bc0c4711c4d084a166e50f7e876c2 (MD5) S1516-35982008000300011.pdf.txt: 54460 bytes, checksum: c5c4e16f9c2ebf5ae181de47431a57db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:18:23Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982008000300011.pdf: 71107 bytes, checksum: 973bc0c4711c4d084a166e50f7e876c2 (MD5) S1516-35982008000300011.pdf.txt: 54460 bytes, checksum: c5c4e16f9c2ebf5ae181de47431a57db (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:18:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982008000300011.pdf: 71107 bytes, checksum: 973bc0c4711c4d084a166e50f7e876c2 (MD5) S1516-35982008000300011.pdf.txt: 54460 bytes, checksum: c5c4e16f9c2ebf5ae181de47431a57db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-01 Foram conduzidos dois experimentos para avaliar a suplementação enzimática (amilase, pentosanase, celulase, protease e a-galactosidase) em rações à base de milho e farelo de soja para suínos. No Exp 1, foram determinadas as digestibilidades aparentes da energia, matéria seca, proteína e das fibras das rações, com ou sem o complexo enzimático, para suínos machos castrados, com 19,96 ± 2,90 kg de peso vivo. Foi utilizado o método da coleta total de fezes e as rações foram formuladas com níveis reduzidos de energia, proteína e aminoácidos. No Exp 2, foram mensurados o desempenho, a excreção de sólidos totais e voláteis, matéria mineral, nitrogênio, macro e microminerais nas fezes, em relação ao desempenho, de suínos machos castrados dos 50 aos 151 dias de idade, com peso médio inicial de 18,34 ± 1,35 kg. Foram utilizadas três dietas, sendo uma ração formulada para atender ou exceder as exigências nutricionais dos animais, de acordo com o NRC (1998), e outras duas com níveis reduzidos de energia, proteína e aminoácidos, suplementadas ou não com o complexo enzimático. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados. A suplementação enzimática em rações contendo milho e farelo de soja não promoveu incrementos na digestibilidade de nutrientes, não melhorou o desempenho dos animais e também não reduziu a excreção de resíduos pelas fezes. Mais estudos são necessários para testar novas matrizes e diferentes níveis do complexo enzimático. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate dietary enzyme supplementation (amylase, pentosanase, celulase and a-galactosidase) in corn-soy diets for swine. In the Exp 1, the apparent digestibilities of energy, dry matter, protein and fibers of the feeds were determined, using a nutritional matrix with or without enzyme supplementation for barrows with 19.96 ± 2.90 kg body weight. The total feces collection method was used and the diets were formulated with reduced energy, protein and amino acids levels. In the Exp 2, growth performance, production and composition of feces in total solids, volatile solids, nitrogen, macro and micro minerals, in relation to growth performance, were measured in barrows from 50 to 151 days of age and 18.34 ± 1.35 kg initial body weight. Three experimental diets were used, one formulated to meet or exceed the nutritional requirements of swine according to NRC (1998) and the others with reduced energy, protein and amino acids levels, with or without the enzyme complex. It was used a complete randomized block design. Dietary enzyme supplementation in feeds based mainly on corn and soybean meal did not improve nutrient digestibilities and growth performance neither reduced nutrient excretion in feces. More research is necessary to test new nutritional matrix and different levels of the enzyme complex. Unesp FCAV All Nutri LTDA UFMT Unesp FCAV

Published
2008

8. Equações de predição da composição química corporal a partir do corte da 9-10-11ª costelas de bovinos castrados Nelore

Author

Jane Maria Bertocco Ezequiel, Pedro Henrique Watanabe, Octavio Guilherme da Cruz e Silva, Bruno Biagioli, Viviane Correa Santos, Rosemary Laís Galati, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Subjects
Chemistry, empty body, Protein, Mineralogy, Beef cattle, corpo vazio, coefficient of determination, Body weight, bovinos de corte, Animal science, Carcass weight, proteína, Feedlot, Animal Science and Zoology, Composition (visual arts), coeficiente de determinação, extrato etéreo, Ether extract, Chemical composition, Water content
Abstract

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:07:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982007000200027.pdf: 150549 bytes, checksum: feb8499a4b682c8099309a58d11e0ce6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:07:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-35982007000200027.pdf: 150549 bytes, checksum: feb8499a4b682c8099309a58d11e0ce6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-04-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:02:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982007000200027.pdf: 150549 bytes, checksum: feb8499a4b682c8099309a58d11e0ce6 (MD5) S1516-35982007000200027.pdf.txt: 40950 bytes, checksum: a62df9d4daa023fd1bc5e477d391f572 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-04-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:18:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982007000200027.pdf: 150549 bytes, checksum: feb8499a4b682c8099309a58d11e0ce6 (MD5) S1516-35982007000200027.pdf.txt: 40950 bytes, checksum: a62df9d4daa023fd1bc5e477d391f572 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:18:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1516-35982007000200027.pdf: 150549 bytes, checksum: feb8499a4b682c8099309a58d11e0ce6 (MD5) S1516-35982007000200027.pdf.txt: 40950 bytes, checksum: a62df9d4daa023fd1bc5e477d391f572 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-04-01 Objetivou-se obter equações de regressão linear simples para estimativa da composição química corporal de novilhos Nelore a partir da composição química do corte da 9-10-11ª costelas. Foram utilizados 27 bovinos em confinamento, com 21 a 31 meses de idade e 338,0 a 503,6 kg de peso corporal. do total, foram abatidos seis animais (referência) ao início do experimento para estimativa da composição química corporal. A composição química em água, proteína, EE e cinzas foi determinada no corte da 9-10-11ª costelas e nos tecidos corporais. As equações de regressão para estimativa do peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ) a partir dos pesos de jejum (PV) e carcaça quente (PCQ) foram PCVZ = 0,8726 PV - 2,7399 e PCVZ = 1,5350 PCQ + 13,598 (R² = 0,98). O ganho de 1 kg de PCVZ correspondeu a aproximadamente 1,15 kg de PV. A porcentagem de água no corpo vazio (CVz) esteve altamente correlacionada às porcentagens de água (R² = 0,98) e EE (R² = 0,91) no corte das costelas. A equação mais indicada foi a desenvolvida a partir da porcentagem de água no corte das costelas (Sx, y = 0,46). Verificou-se alta correlação entre a porcentagem de EE no CVz e a porcentagem de EE (R² = 0,95) no corte das costelas, portanto, a equação %EE CVz = 0,9662%EE costelas + 1,5294 pode ser utilizada para estimativa da composição do CVz em EE. O mesmo ocorreu para a porcentagem de cinzas, sendo recomendada a equação %MM CVz = 0,5915%MM costelas + 0,7619 (R² = 0,88). A composição química percentual em água, EE e minerais no corte das 9-10-11ª costelas permitiu estimar com acuidade a composição do corpo vazio. The objective of this trial was to develop simple regression equations for estimating the chemical body composition of Nellore steers by using the chemical composition of the 9-10-11th ribs cut. Twenty-seven feedlot Nellore steers varying from 338.0 to 503.6 kg of BW and from 21 to 31 months of age were used. Six reference animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the trial to estimate the initial chemical body composition. Contents of water, protein, EE, and ash of the 9-10-11th ribs cut and body tissues were determined. Regression equations for estimating empty body weight (EBW) through measurements of BW and hot carcass weight (HCW) were: EBW = 0.8726 LW - 2.7399 and EBW = 1.5350 HCW + 13.598. The high R² values (0.98) in both equations indicated that the EBW of Nellore steers can be predicted by using BW and HCW. The gain of 1.0 kg of EBW corresponded to approximately 1.15 kg of BW. Water content of empty body (EB) was highly correlated with water (R² = 0.98) and EE (R² = 0.91) contents of the ribs cut; the equation based on the percentage of water in the ribs cut had the best fit (Sx, y = 0.46). Because the percentage of EB EE was highly correlated (R² = 0.95) with that of the ribs cut, the equation %EB EE = 0.9662% ribs EE + 1.5294 may be used for estimating EE content of EB. The same was true for ash, which can be estimated by the equation %EB ash = 0.5915% ribs ash + 0.7619 (R² = 0.88). It was concluded that the percentage of water, EE, and ash in the 9-10-11th ribs cut accurately estimated the EB composition of feedlot Nellore steers. UNESP FCAV UNESP FCAV Departamento de Zootecnia UNESP FCAV UNESP FCAV Departamento de Zootecnia

Published
2007

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