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The effects of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were observed, and changes in immune function and inflammatory factors of gastric cancer patients were examined. In total, 236 cases of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were selected between March 2014 and October 2015 and divided into the control and experimental groups. The control group was treated using open radical gastrectomy, while laparoscopic radical gastrectomy was used in the experimental group. Treatment effects, immune function and inflammatory factor in the two groups were compared. Compared to the open radical gastrectomy group, surgery time in the laparoscopic radical gastrectomy group was longer, while blood loss during operation, time of exsufflation through anus after operation, duration of acesodyne use, length of stay and incidence of complications were lower, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). As for the amount of lymph node dissection, differences between the two groups were of no statistical significance (P>0.05). CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ cell ratios in the two groups 1 and 7 days after surgery were obviously lower than those before surgery (P<0.05) while CD8+ was higher. In addition, compared with the open radical gastrectomy group, CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/ CD8+ cell ratios in the laparoscopic radical gastrectomy group increased while CD8 was lower, and differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Differences of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and CRP between the two groups 1 day before surgery were of no statistical significance (P>0.05). One day after surgery, IL-6, TNF and CRP in the two groups increased (P<0.05) and the values in the open radical gastrectomy group were higher (P<0.05). Differences in IL-6 between the two groups 7 days after surgery were of no statistical significance (P>0.05). However, for CRP and TNF, the two values gradually decreased and the differences between the groups were of statistical significance (P<0.05). In conclusion, laparoscopic radical gastrectomy has better treatment effects, lower inflammatory response, less impact on the immune system and fewer complications, which is worth clinical consideration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]