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Background We recently showed that an 8-week preoperative protein-enriched diet (PED) is associated with significant reductions in body weight and fat mass (FM) without significant loss of fat-free mass (FFM) in morbidly obese patients scheduled for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).Objectives The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of PED vs a normal protein diet (NPD) on total weight loss (TWL), FM, FFM, and resting metabolic rate (RMR) in patients after LSG.Methods Before LSG and at 3, 6, and 12 months after, we prospectively measured and compared total body weight (TBW), FM, FFM, and RMR in 60 male patients who received either a NPD (n = 30) with protein intake 1.0 g/kg of ideal body weight, or a PED (n = 30) with protein intake 2.0 g/kg of ideal body weight. Compliance in following the prescribed diet was determined with food frequency questionnaires in all patients. The impact of NPD and PED on renal function was also evaluated.Results Despite non-significant variation in total body weight (TBW), FM decreased more significantly (p < 0.01) with the PED compared to the NPD. In addition, the PED group showed a significantly (p < 0.01) lower decrease in FFM and RMR when compared with the NPD group. Both groups showed high compliance in following the prescribed diets, without negative impact on renal function.Conclusion PED is more effective than NPD in determining FM loss and is associated with a lower decrease in FFM and RMR, without interfering with renal function in male patients after LSG.

Human adipose tissues surgically resected from the subcutaneous abdominal region were enzymatically processed to obtain Human Adipose Stem cells (fibroblast-like adipose tissue-derived stromal cells-ADSC-FL) that were immunophenotypically characterized using a panel of mesenchymal markers by flow cytometry. The formation of new hydroxyapatite crystals in culture dishes, by differentiating cells, further demonstrate the osteogenic potential of purified cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation potential of ADSC-FL seeded onto a porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) matrix. ADSC-FL was cultured on the β-TCP matrix in medium with or without osteogenic differentiation additives. Time-dependent cell differentiation was monitored using osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase (activity assay), osteocalcin and ostopontin (ELISA method) expression. Our results reveal that β-TCP triggers the differentiation of ADSC-FL toward an osteoblastic phenotype irrespective of whether the cells are grown in a proliferative or a differentiative medium. Hence, a β-TCP matrix is sufficient to promote osteoblastic differentiation of ADSC-FL. However, in proliferative medium, alkaline phosphatase activity was detected at lower level respect to differentiative medium and osteocalcin and osteopontin showed an expression delay in cells cultured in proliferative medium respect to differentiative one. Moreover, we observed an increase in FAK phosphorylation at level of tyrosine residue in position 397 (Western-blot) that indicates a good cell adhesion to β-TCP scaffold. In conclusion, our paper demonstrates that a three-dimensional β-TCP scaffold in vitro triggers on its own the differentiation of ADSC-FL toward an osteoblastic phenotype without the need to use differentiative media. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. Human adipose tissues surgically resected from the subcutaneous abdominal region were enzymatically processed to obtain Human Adipose Stem cells (fibroblast-like adipose tissue-derived stromal cells-ADSC-FL) that were immunophenotypically characterized using a panel of mesenchymal markers by flow cytometry. The formation of new hydroxyapatite crystals in culture dishes, by differentiating cells, further demonstrate the osteogenic potential of purified cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation potential of ADSC-FL seeded onto a porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) matrix. ADSC-FL was cultured on the beta-TCP matrix in medium with or without osteogenic differentiation additives. Time-dependent cell differentiation was monitored using osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase (activity assay), osteocalcin and ostopontin (ELISA method) expression. Our results reveal that beta-TCP triggers the differentiation of ADSC-FL toward an osteoblastic phenotype irrespective of whether the cells are grown in a proliferative or a differentiative medium. Hence, a beta-TCP matrix is sufficient to promote osteoblastic differentiation of ADSC-FL. However, in proliferative medium, alkaline phosphatase activity was detected at lower level respect to differentiative medium and osteocalcin and osteopontin showed an expression delay in cells cultured in proliferative medium respect to differentiative one. Moreover, we observed an increase in FAK phosphorylation at level of tyrosine residue in position 397 (Western-blot) that indicates a good cell adhesion to beta-TCP scaffold. In conclusion, our paper demonstrates that a three-dimensional beta-TCP scaffold in vitro triggers on its own the differentiation of ADSC-FL toward an osteoblastic phenotype without the need to use differentiative media.