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Purpose: This study investigated the potential to reduce gadolinium levels in rodents after repetitive IV Gadodiamide administration using several chelating agents., Materials and Methods: The following six groups of rats were studied. Group 1: Control; Group 2: Gadodiamide only; Group 3: Meso-2,3-Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) + Gadodiamide; Group 4: N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) + Gadodiamide; Group 5: Coriandrum sativum extract + Gadodiamide; and Group 6: Deferoxamine + Gadodiamide. Brain, kidney, and blood samples were evaluated via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The brain was also evaluated histologically., Results: Kidney gadolinium levels in Groups 4 and 5 were approximately double that of Group 2 (p = 0.033 for each). There was almost no calcification in rat hippocampus for Group 4 rodents when compared with Groups 2, 3, 5 and 6., Conclusion: Our preliminary study shows that excretion to the kidney has a higher propensity in NAC and Coriandrum sativum groups. It may be possible to change the distribution of gadolinium by administrating several agents. NAC may lower Gadodiamide-induced mineralization in rat hippocampus. more...

After a bolus injection of Gd-DTPA, a fast tracer uptake in rat brain tumours was already observed during the tracer bolus passage. For the quantification of the uptake rate constant, pharmacokinetic models are commonly used. For a good quantification, the changes of the plasma tracer concentration directly after the bolus injection must be incorporated into these models as prior knowledge. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether or not it is necessary to include the bolus passage into the description for the plasma tracer concentration. The result of this study indicates that the best quantification of the uptake rate constant is achieved by using only the data points after the bolus passage. Using all the data points and incorporating the bolus passage in the pharmacokinetic models results in a less accurate estimation. more...