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1. MEASUREMENT OF HADRON SHOWER PUNCHTHROUGH IN IRON

Author

Ludovico Pontecorvo, M. Della Negra, R. Martinelli, Emilio Petrolo, R. Szwed, C. Rönnqvist, I. G. Layter, Filippo Ceradini, Anna Teresa Meneguzzo, R. Priem, H. Wagner, Stefano Veneziano, B. C. Shen, M. Aalste, Gyorgy Vesztergombi, T. Moers, Gy L. Bencze, K. Osterberg, Hans Reithler, Grzegorz Wrochna, Alessandro Bettini, Francesco Lacava, H. Faissner, I. Hietanen, W. Gorn, A. Böhrer, E. Radermacher, H. Tuchscherer, L. Martinez-Laso, R. Santonico, R. Schleichert, Ritva Kinnunen, L. Ropelewski, C. Brouwer, M. Pimiä, Aleandro Nisati, J. Lindgren, M. Voutilainen, S. Lazic, S. Centro, G. Margutti, P. Casoli, Jan Krolikowski, C.-E. Wulz, D. Chrisman, W. Dominik, Tuure Tuuva, R. Bergman, L. Zanello, Albert Ferrando, C. Bacci, Axel König, Roberto Cardarelli, Graham Wilson, H. Plothow-Besch, Alain Hervé, C. Pols, A. Di Ciaccio, Pierluigi Zotto, David B. Cline, Jorma Tuominiemi, G. Ciapetti, Krzysztof Doroba, T. Wijnen, G. A. A. Witteman, M. Andlinger, Richard Brenner, H. Schwarthoff, E. Torrente Lujan, A. Hentinen, Christopher Seez, V. Karimäki, Maciej Górski, K. Eggert, H. van der Graaf, Alexander Kluge, F. Szoncso, S. Otwinowski, and G. Walzel

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Spectrometer, Meson, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Fermion, Nuclear physics, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Lepton
Abstract

The total punchthrough probability of showers produced by negatively charged pions of momenta 30, 40, 50, 75, 100, 200 and 300 GeV/c, has been measured in the RD5 experiment at CERN using a toroidal spectrometer. The range of the measurement extends to 5.3 m of equivalent iron. Our results have been obtained by two different analysis methods and are compared with the resutls of a previous experiment.

Published
1993

2. Measurement of the Partial Width of the Z0 Into B(b)over-bar Final-states Using Their Semileptonic Decays

Author

Tord Ekelof, H. Staeck, E. Lieb, M. Jonker, H. Palka, G. Skjevling, R. Lauhakangas, Ph. Charpentier, B. Loerstad, D. Fassouliotis, J. W. Lamsa, Ariella Cattai, F. Ledroit, A. B. Fenyuk, O.M. Kouznetsov, M. Los, F. Barao, H. Burmeister, I. Lippi, Tiziano Rovelli, V. Lepeltier, Paolo Checchia, Ph. Gavillet, T. A. Fearnley, E.N. Tsyganov, J. H. Wickens, M. Sessa, Marco Paganoni, Jose Luis Contreras, M. Karlsson, O. Ullaland, Leif J. Jönsson, A. Klovning, Robert S. Brown, C. Ronnqvist, A. De Min, Joao Varela, I. Siccama, H. Foeth, U. Mjoernmark, C. Bosio, G. Sajot, E. Higon, R. Seufert, J. J. Gomez Y Cadenas, A. P. Ostankov, S. Bosworth, U. Trevisan, T.E. Pettersen, Pierre Juillot, B. Koene, F. Scuri, M. Donszelmann, R. J. Apsimon, H. Briand, T. L. Hessing, C. Vander Velde, B. Franek, K. Woschnagg, Matteo Pegoraro, A. M. Wetherell, A. Chan, W.S.C. Williams, Lucio Cerrito, Claire Bourdarios, J. Dolbeau, Andrea Perrotta, G. Sette, A. Elliot Peisert, A. G. Frodesen, A. G. Olshevski, L. Lanceri, Jan Ridky, G. Gopal, Luc Pape, Z. Hajduk, V. Chorowicz, L. Vitale, F. Carena, S. Volponi, Maciej Górski, V. Ruhlmann, A. Hakansson, P. Grosse-Wiesmann, A. De Angelis, P. Collins, D. Delikaris, M. Turala, L. Chaussard, P. V. Chliapnikov, Paolo Morettini, J. G. Loken, Andrey Korytov, R. Sosnowski, P. Bambade, P.S.L. Booth, A. Maltezos, S. O. Holmgren, L. S. Vertogradov, P. Niss, T. S. Spassoff, M. Mazzucato, P. Szymanski, G. Vegni, N. Brummer, K. Kulka, F. Naraghi, V. G. Timofeev, P. Lutz, Patrick Jarry, G. Rinaudo, J. Salt, G. A. Chelkov, R. Zukanovich Funchal, C. Lambropoulos, Ugo Amaldi, L. Bugge, P. Abreu, Daniel Bloch, Ahmimed Ouraou, V.M. Golovatyuk, R. Mc Nulty, A. Firestone, D. Johnson, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Beilliere, Charles Bricman, Josef Strauss, S. Braibant, V. Chabaud, O. Toker, Jan Krolikowski, N. N. Khovanski, W. Bartl, L. Mathis, M. Michelotto, A. J. Camacho Rozas, Eilam Gross, F. Simonetto, M. J. Bates, G. Leder, W. De Boer, B. Åsman, E. Zevgolatakos, Juan Abel Barrio, D. Z. Toet, Maria Roberta Monge, A. Zalewska, Itzhak Roditi, D. Crennell, F. Mandl, V.A. Uvarov, M. P. Clara, G. W. Van Apeldoorn, W. T. Meyer, W. Venus, C. J. Beeston, G. Smadja, I. Kronkvist, J. A. Valls Ferrer, J. P. Laugier, Ugo Gasparini, Jacques Lemonne, P. E. S. Nilsen, G. Sciolla, L. O. Eek, R. C. Shellard, H. Wahlen, Ariel Goobar, J. H. Koehne, Rupert Leitner, M. Voutilainen, G. Grosdidier, M. Vollmer, U. Rossi, Paolo Giacomelli, S. Delorme, M. Zito, M. Kopf, H. De Boeck, B. Jean-Marie, M. Tyndel, J. Maillard, L. Di Ciaccio, Josef Hrubec, A. M. Segar, Guido Barbiellini, J. Guy, M. Crozon, Jon Christopher Wikne, Alessandra Romero, A. Ruiz, J. Kesteman, C. Defoix, M. A E Schyns, F. Fulda-Quenzer, L. Ventura, Y. Lemoigne, J. N. Jackson, P. Kokkinias, P. S. Iversen, F. Fontanelli, W. Van Doninck, Tim Adye, R. Pain, D. Isenhower, P. Herquet, M. L. Turluer, D. Reid, S. Squarcia, K. H. Becks, E. Vallazza, B. Boštjančič, E. I. Rosenberg, J. Chauveau, R. Holmes, K. Kurvinen, Borge Svane Nielsen, J. J. Lozano, B. Grossetete, Allan Hallgren, Giovanni Valenti, W. Hao, O. Barring, M. Weierstall, M. S. Bilenky, P. N. Bogolubov, Krzysztof Doroba, E. Graziani, Chiara Meroni, Jan Buytaert, J. E. Augustin, J. Drees, J. M. Brunet, P. F. Honore, U. Haedinger, R. Contri, G. D. Alekseev, E. Torassa, H. Saarikko, L.J. Carroll, Toralf Bernhard Skaali, D. Gamba, G. Voulgaris, F. Verbeure, F. Kapusta, S. Marti, Javier Sánchez, Ivan Mikulec, Christine Kourkoumelis, D. Benedic, A. Baroncelli, E. Dahl-Jensen, Peter Kluit, S. Dagoret, V. Perevozchikov, Tiziano Camporesi, Jorge-Armando Benitez Garcia, M. Pernicka, I. Hietanen, Mario Sannino, Manolis Dris, S. Haider, A. Lopez-Fernandez, Klaus Hamacher, P. Borgeaud, U. Kruener-Marquis, P. H. Kramer, Richard Brenner, Paolo Ronchese, P. Van Dam, A. Passeri, Pierre Billoir, Gianni Zumerle, G. Cosme, M. Mc Cubbin, K. Hultqvist, P. Roudeau, N. G. Redaelli, F. Stichelbaut, C. Caso, R. Mc Kay, Jesus Marco, G. Lenzen, V. Kostioukhine, K. A. J. Forbes, S. D. Hodgson, A. Andreazza, D. Radijicic, C. De La Vaissiere, N. J. Kjaer, B. A. Della Riccia, B. Golob, Georgios Stavropoulos, D. Zavrtanik, Tuure Tuuva, S. Gumenyuk, Marco Bozzo, B. Dalmagne, T. Buran, Laurent Chevalier, G. Zhang, Themistocles Bowcock, A. Tilquin, P. Weilhammer, Evangelos Gazis, M. Fernandez Alonso, E. Lillethun, Clara Troncon, D. J. Holthuizen, P. Siegrist, S. J. Alvsvaag, E. Agasi, J-C. Marin, R. Gokieli, S. Ueberschaer, Peter M. Allen, M. Pimenta, B. A. Khomenko, N. De Groot, Francesco Navarria, P. Vaz, J. Zúñiga, Pawel Jalocha, Barry King, E. Spiriti, Dietrich Liko, V. Obraztsov, P. Privitera, P. Frenkiel, A. Grant, P. Poropat, Andromachi Tsirou, C. O. Higgins, Jürgen H. Werner, D. Vilanova, Stefano Ragazzi, R. Zuberi, R. Keranen, R. Frühwirth, J. Timmermans, Milos Lokajicek, Hans Dijkstra, Juan Fuster, A. Pullia, Olga Botner, K. Furnival, T. Todorov, J. Straver, F. Waldner, I. Roncagliolo, P. Zalewski, Francisco Matorras, N. Yamdagni, F. Cao, Spyros Tzamarias, O. Tchikilev, Krzysztof Korcyl, A. Lipniacka, T. Maron, H. B. Crawley, R. Lindner, M. T. Trainor, Andre Augustinus, A. Wehr, G. Tristram, Paula Eerola, M. A. Lopez Aguera, Carmen García, A. Koch-Mehrin, C. Walck, Daniel Treille, J. P. Gerber, H. P. Borner, Stefan Schael, Wolfgang Adam, Th. D. Papadopoulou, Guenakh Mitselmakher, R. Barate, G. Galeazzi, F. Couchot, A. Ferrer, V. Bocci, R. Orava, Fernand Grard, L. Tortora, Mogens Dam, D. Bertrand, A. Daum, M. Dracos, S. Rossi, W. Da Silva, G. E. Kalmus, H. Furstenau, M. Davenport, J. Bjarne, G. Crossetti, F. J. Harris, W. A. Mitaroff, J. Lindgren, Natale Demaria, G. Meola, Martino Margoni, B. Nijjhar, Stefaan Tavernier, P. Antilogus, J. Krstic, K. D. Brand, J. Pennanen, E. Fokitis, Yu. Belokopytov, F. Richard, J. E. Hooper, C. Matteuzzi, Carlos Lacasta, M. Hahn, B. Bouquet, Maria Elena Pol, S. Almehed, M. Berggren, W. Klempt, N. I. Zimin, Krzysztof A. Rybicki, D. Wormald, F. Hahn, J. M. Levy, M. Feindt, P. Negri, S. Katsanevas, D. Y. Bardin, E. K. Johansson, B. Muryn, George Kalkanis, P. B. Renton, Cristian Stanescu, P. Branchini, Francesca Romana Cavallo, T. Hofmokl, Marek Szczekowski, H. Schneider, E. Cortina, Mitchell Wayne, M. De Beer, E. G. Anassontzis, J. P. Engel, T. A. Filippas, Göran Jarlskog, M. Regler, M. V. Castillo Gimenez, W. Ruckstuhl, D. C. Fries, Steinar Stapnes, V. V. Lapin, M. Bonesini, W. D. Apel, P. Yepes, R. Ehret, G. Damgaard, E. Rosso, H. Klein, Y. Sacquin, O. Pingot, C. De Clercq, E. C. Katsoufis, W. J. Murray, V. Gracco, P. Beltran, Pavlos Ioannou, K. Osterberg, Marta Calvi, Vincenzo Canale, Geoffrey Smith, R. Strub, H. Mueller, Klaus Moenig, M. A. Houlden, M. Richardson, W. Bonivento, V. Vrba, G. Borisov, M. Baubillier, Achille Stocchi, I. A. Tyapkin, A. M. Zaitsev, Alexander Vodopyanov, F. Bianchi, E. Karvelas, J. Cuevas Maestro, R. Moeller, Roberto Cirio, L. K. Resvanis, Massimo Caccia, Vladimir Nikolaenko, J. J. Hernandez, P. O. Hulth, P. Delpierre, E. Daubie, G. Myatt, A. N. Sisakian, J. T.M. Chrin, C. Matthiae, Edoardo Castelli, F. Pierre, G. Ekspong, Giovanni Darbo, P. N. Ratoff, S. Simonetti, M. Begalli, Louis Lyons, R. Sekulin, G. E. Theodosiou, S. C. Blyth, Demetrios Loukas, G. Wilkinson, T. Moa, G. Maehlum, M.D.M. De Fez Laso, Fares Djama, William Trischuk, A. Markou, M. A. Winter, A. Petrolini, T. Henkes, B. De Lotto, Evgueni Vlasov, Paul Baillon, Alexander Lincoln Read, M. Szeptycka, H. Herr, L. G. Tkatchev, Pieter David, W. Krupinski, H. J. Hilke, M. Battaglia, T. Bolognese, Y. Dufour, P. D. Dauncey, Sandor Czellar, G. Polok, T. Tabarelli, C. Gaspar, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DELPHI, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Partial width, HEAVY FLAVOR PRODUCTION, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Branching fraction, LUND MONTE-CARLO, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Sphericity, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The spectra of prompt electrons and muons from the semi-leptonic decays of heavy hadrons produced inZ 0 decays have been used to measure the coupling of theZ 0 tob quarks weighted by theB hadrons mean semi-leptonic branching fraction, giving a value: $$BR_{sl}^b *{{\Gamma _{b\bar b} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\Gamma _{b\bar b} } {\Gamma _H }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\Gamma _H }} = 0.0221 \pm 0.0015$$ . The data has also been used to measure the value of the fragmentation parameter, defined in the context of the LUND PS Model, version 7.2, giving: $$\varepsilon (b) = \left( {8\begin{array}{*{20}c} { + 5} \\ { - 3} \\ \end{array} \pm 2} \right)10^{ - 3} $$ . The corresponding value of the mean fraction of the beam energy taken by aB hadron in the fragmentation of ab quark is: $$\overline {X_E^b } = 0.69\begin{array}{*{20}c} { + 0.02} \\ { - 0.03} \\ \end{array} \pm 0.01$$ . If the values of $$\Gamma _{b\bar b} $$ andΓ H are taken from the Standard Model, the following value is obtained for the mean semi-leptonic braching fraction ofB hadrons: BR sl =(10.1±0.7)%. Taking the value of $${{\Gamma _{b\bar b} } \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\Gamma _{b\bar b} } {\Gamma _{\rm H} }}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\Gamma _{\rm H} }}$$ from an independent analysis of DELPHI data based on the use of the boosted sphericity product, a value: BR sl =(10.1±1.3)% is obtained.

Published
1992
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