12 results on '"Value judgment"'
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2. A Study on Pre-Qin Confucian Scholars’ Environmental Ethics
- Author
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Tao Cui and Qiyong Guo
- Subjects
Harmony (color) ,Systems theory ,Value judgment ,Ecological environment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Phenomenon ,Political science ,History of China ,Humanity ,Heaven ,Environmental ethics ,media_common - Abstract
In ancient China, before the Qin Dynasty, Confucian scholars thought about their natural environment with an overarching concept of Heaven and Earth encompassing various divine, cosmic, human, and ecological elements. Confucian environmental thought, perceived as continuous creation of all things in “harmony,” could be seen as a holistic systems theory. For them, the phenomenon of the creation of Heaven and Earth carried a value judgment. They believed all things in the universe have inherent value and advocated a general moral concern for the ecological environment. However, their understanding of humans and their material environs clearly represented an idea of graded love or a differentiation between each of the concentric circles of ethical concern. A new model of environmental ethics should be based upon the rethinking of this Confucian concept of the United of Heaven and Humanity. more...
- Published
- 2015
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3. A Brief Study of the Hierarchy Value Thought of the Pre-Qin Confucianism
- Author
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Jun Zhang
- Subjects
Hierarchy ,Expression (architecture) ,Value judgment ,Phenomenon ,Philosophy ,Premise ,Meaning (existential) ,Form of the Good ,Religious studies ,Value (mathematics) ,Epistemology - Abstract
In the ancient Chinese cultural classics it is difficult to find a modern sense of the term “value” which matches the traditional concept. But the expression of the content of value and value judgment can be found everywhere, such as “the noble”, “the honor”, “the good”, “the worship”, “the convenient”, etc. These concepts have a common characteristic, that is, the subject operation orientation and choice intention in the composition of the meaning which they express are far more than the value of the phenomenon itself and the cognitive, description and judgment. While the operation of orientation and choice intention are determined, it contains a logical premise which is for a variety of possible or actual value to make a necessary comparison, and according to the degree of the fundamental and the incident to make the arrangement of order. more...
- Published
- 2013
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4. A Study of the Attraction Factors of Japanese Pop-Culture by Young People in Taiwan
- Author
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Huang-Tsun Lu, Chen-hao Fan, Su-yao Lee, and I-Hsin Fan
- Subjects
Consumption (economics) ,Competition (economics) ,Product (business) ,Product design ,Value judgment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Business opportunity ,Beauty ,Quality (business) ,Business ,Marketing ,media_common - Abstract
“Beauty is the only way to be competitive!” In recent years, due to the energetic efforts that has plunge into the design industry from countries all around the world, the design field in Taiwan is highly valued; through the use of various kinds of designing methods, it is expected that this positive effort of “gdesign” can increase vitality, competition and cultural standard of the Taiwanese life. Therefore, “gdesign” must not only stress the importance of the high quality technology to improve the competitiveness in the design industry, but more important, how to focus on the viewpoint of the industry and the commercial market. Only in this way we can build a true strategy and create strong design energy from the heart. The emotional design of the Japanese goods, compare from consumer goods from all around the world, has always been distinct; furthermore, the same market response also emerged in the Taiwan commercial market. How do the Japanese goods provoke the emotional intention for consumer to purchase? How does it touch our perception neural? How can we truly seize the perceived value of the consumer? Therefore, through the bestseller condition analysis of the Japanese goods, and taking it forward to understand the preference factors of the Taiwan commercial market. Using EGM interviewing sixteen high personal involvements, then employing Quantification theory I to calculate the charm functional of the Japanese goods in Taiwan. The attempt is to seek to reason why Japanese goods became popular in Taiwan. The use of EGM can capture the particular features of the conditions that arouse the two aspects of the purchase intentions: the “top down” abstract value judgment and the “bottom up” concrete condition of the consumer goods, organizing the factors and conditions of the preference and expectations in the Taiwan commercial market. Ultimately to create similar products that extracted the fundamental spirits of the Japanese goods, meanwhile, blending in with the environmental conditions of the Taiwan commercial market; therefore, via the methods of product design to create goods that can conform to the emotional need of the Taiwanese consumer. By this way, we can pursue the success of emotional Taiwanese goods that can deeply touch the heart of the consumers and stimulate the consumption of the product; encouraging consumer to purchase this heart contented good and opening a new business opportunity to companies. more...
- Published
- 2013
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5. A Study of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and Decision-Making
- Author
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Koji Ito, Hiroyuki Kishi, Shin Sugiura, and Eizo Kinoshita
- Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic) ,Maslow's hierarchy of needs ,Management science ,Computer science ,Value judgment ,Scale (chemistry) ,Selection (linguistics) ,Analytic hierarchy process ,Basic needs ,Value (mathematics) - Abstract
This study attempts to clarify the psychological structures of people’s values and their decision-making processes while validating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Within this attempt, we apply Maslow’s hierarchy of needs [1][2] to the framework of this structure, and we propose a view of decision-making that is composed of two systems. One system is value judgment pressure expressed by value judgment distance (ego-involvement scale), and the other system is decisions made from value selection pressure expressed by distance among basic needs. (basic needs [1][2] ) This is a view of the basic structure of values and decision-making. more...
- Published
- 2012
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6. The Model of Target Value Judgment Based on Fuzzy Logic Illation System
- Author
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Feng Qiu, Bo Sun, Haiyang Zhu, Wei Chen, and Mingqi Guan
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Engineering ,business.industry ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Fuzzy logic ,Expert system ,Toolbox ,Value judgment ,Fuzzy number ,Artificial intelligence ,Element (category theory) ,business ,MATLAB ,computer ,Value (mathematics) ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
By applying the theory of fuzzy logic illation system into the model of target value judgment, this paper implements the model by fuzzy logic toolbox of Matlab. This model can full utilize the experience of specialist and target information of target value element. It can offer a scientific and effective support for commander. more...
- Published
- 2012
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7. Petroleum Contaminated Site Remedial Countermeasures Selection Using Fuzzy ANP Model
- Author
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Xiang Bing Wang, Yu Hui Ge, Bin Xiong, and Wei Zhong Yang
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Engineering ,Decision support system ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Petroleum engineering ,business.industry ,Process (engineering) ,Value judgment ,Fuzzy number ,Vagueness ,business ,Remedial education ,Fuzzy logic ,Selection (genetic algorithm) - Abstract
Advances in fuzzy analytic network process (ANP) are discussed to support decision making to derive the priorities of petroleum contaminated site remedial countermeasures (PCSRC). Conventional ANP approach seems to be incapable of capturing the vagueness and fuzziness during value judgment elicitation. The aim of this paper is to present an adaptive fuzzy ANP decision support method to make up for this shortcoming in the evaluation of PCSRC process. A numerical example is carried out to illustrate our approach. more...
- Published
- 2011
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8. Interactive Programming Methods for Multi-objective Optimization
- Author
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Min Yoon, Yeboon Yun, and Hirotaka Nakayama
- Subjects
Mathematical optimization ,Interactive programming ,Computer science ,Value judgment ,Goal programming ,Pareto principle ,Reactive programming ,Multi-objective optimization ,Functional reactive programming ,Inductive programming - Abstract
In general, there may be many Pareto solutions in multiobjective optimization problems. The final decision is made among them taking the total balance over all objectives into account. This is a problem of value judgment of decision maker (DM). The totally balancing over criteria is usually called tradeoff. Interactive multiobjective programming searches a solution in an interactive way with DM while eliciting information on his/her value judgment. Then it is important how easily DM can make tradeoff analysis to get a final solution. To this aim, several kinds of interactive techniques for multiple criteria decision making have been developed so far. For details, see the literatures [47, 86, 126, 143, 153, 156]. Above all, the aspiration level approach (reference point methods in some literatures) is now widely recognized to be effective in many practical fields, because: 1. It does not require any consistency of DM’s judgment. 2. Aspiration levels reflect the wish of DM very well. 3. Aspiration levels play the role of probe better than the weight for objective functions. In this chapter, first we will discuss the difficulty in weighting method which is commonly used in the traditional goal programming, and next explain how the aspiration level approach overcomes this difficulty. more...
- Published
- 2009
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9. On Efficiency of Data Envelopment Analysis
- Author
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Yeboon Yun, Hirotaka Nakayama, and Tetsuzo Tanino
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Ratio value ,Value judgment ,Value (economics) ,Econometrics ,Economics ,Data envelopment analysis ,Multiple-criteria decision analysis ,Unit (housing) - Abstract
In this paper, we suggest a new concept of “Value Free Efficiency” which does not introduce any value judgment for outputs and inputs. That is, similarly to the usual multiple criteria decision analysis, a Decision Making Unit (DMU) is defined to be efficient if there is no unit that consumes less inputs and produces more outputs than the DMU. In addition, we propose a generalized DEA model for estimating value free efficiency, ratio value efficiency proposed by Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes [4], and sum value efficiency proposed by Belton [2] and Belton and Vickers [3] as special cases. An illustrative example compares these concepts of efficiency. more...
- Published
- 2000
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10. Comment on Alan Peacock 'The Future Scope for Self-Reliance and Private Insurance'
- Author
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Peter Koslowski
- Subjects
Scope (project management) ,Value judgment ,Transition (fiction) ,Interpretation (philosophy) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Welfare state ,Quality (business) ,Sociology ,Private insurance ,Law and economics ,Christian tradition ,media_common - Abstract
The emphasis that Sir Alan Peacock puts on self-reliance in his paper is in itself a value judgment. It is the value judgment that it matters whether you make an economic or some other decision yourself or whether it is made for you by someone else. Japanese scholars like, e.g., Yuichi Shionoya call this decision for self-decision “biblical.” This is enlightening, since behind the emphasis on self-reliance there is a whole interpretation of human existence that assumes that a decision for right or wrong taken by the individual him-or herself has a different quality from a decision for right or wrong taken for this individual by someone else. The shift from the quality of the decision as being right or wrong to the quality of the decision as being self-induced and free or enforced can be traced in philosophy in the transition from the interpretation of the human in Antiquity to the interpretation of human in the Judeo— Christian tradition. In Plato and Aristotle, it is stated that it is better to make the right decision when it is induced by someone else than to make the wrong decision by oneself. For Plato it is better to be ruled reasonably by someone else than to be ruled unreasonably by oneself. more...
- Published
- 1997
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11. Some Remarks on Trade-off Analysis in Multi-objective Programming
- Author
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Hirotaka Nakayama
- Subjects
Mathematical optimization ,Duality gap ,Value judgment ,Objective programming ,Mathematical economics ,Value (mathematics) ,Mathematics - Abstract
In multi-objective programming, the trade-off analysis is very important because it reflects decision makers’ value judgment. In many practical applications, people usually take a scalarization of linearly weighted sum of vector-valued objective function without paying much attention to the trade-off analysis. However, the linearly weighted sum causes several difficulties in the trade-off analysis, eg. "duality gap" for nonconvex problems, and that the weight can not necessarily reflect decision makers’ value faithfully. more...
- Published
- 1997
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12. What Is 'Positive Family Therapy'?
- Author
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Nossrat Peseschkian
- Subjects
Family therapy ,Value judgment ,Value system ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Term (time) - Abstract
The term “positive” is usually used as a moral categroy. Regardless of the value judgment designated as “positive,” it depends on the value system, which sets the standards for good and bad.
- Published
- 1986
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