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General optimization concept is desired factors in maximizing and minimizing undesired effects, the most cost-effective under given constraints or find an alternative with the highest achievable performance.

The increasing demand for oil and gas resources more will be needed for unconventional sources of oil and natural gas. The unconventional hydrocarbon applications have been growing rapidly in recent years.

Unconventional energy sources cover unusually unconventional energy, with little or no unused, inactive cases and the energy resources available waste form. Figure 3.1 shows unconventional energy sources. For example; extra heavy oil, heavy crude oil and no 4–6 fuel oils are unconventional energy sources because they are used in small amounts or for they not use in the production of diesel fuel and/or gasoline. Natural gas hydrate is an example to inactive energy source due to it has not yet been used in the production of methane. Releasing heats from cooking food in a kitchen or from the flue of a cement factory are waste heats, for examples, because they can be used to generate electricity. Open image in new window Fig. 3.1 Unconventional energy sources

Energy affects all aspects of modern life. Energy sources will play an important role in the world’s future. Because of the exponential growth of the world population, demand for energy is increasing at an exponential rate. Current examples of these priorities include: reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving the energy efficiency of our homes, offices and industries, energy marketing, energy cost, energy management, energy conservation, energy security, finding practical and affordable alternate sources of energy, developing cleaner and more efficient transportation vehicles and systems, energy policy, energy strategy and alternative energy usage. The world is presently confronted with twin crises of fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation.