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Bogota is the largest city in Colombia, it is the capital district and 20% of the Colombian population live there. Public reports have suggested that the vulnerability of water supply system in this city is high, mainly because of inadequate water resource management, climate variability, and population growth. This paper proposes a computational model to assess the long-term effects of delays in water plants and droughts on the water security of the Bogota river basin, Colombia. The computational model is based on systemic approach, in particular, water planning on the supply side is studied in detail. The main conclusion that can be drawn is that under a Business as Usual (BAU) scenario, the study area will experiment a risk of water security. To avoid a risky situation for water security, the construction time of water plants should be lower than 9 years. The contribution of this work is to raise the awareness of policy makers about the risk of shortage.

As the use of renewable energy is growing worldwide, the wind industry is being endorsed as a promising source for clean energy supply. In this context, the strategic management of the supply chain is fundamental to pursue a steady expansion of renewable energy. However, the fragmentation between energy policy design and implementation has been considered as a major cause threatening the effectiveness in managing the supply chain. This problem has been provoked mainly by an unsynchronized and uncoordinated decision-making process that involves public and private institutions. This chapter proposes the adoption of a dynamic performance management approach for enhancing a collaborative governance perspective aimed at supporting the strategic coordination in designing and implementing wind energy policies in Brazil. Using lessons learned from simulating the supply chain, key performance drivers for mitigating inconsistencies in decision-making processes are identified and discussed. The chapter updates and improves the findings of a research project recently developed by the authors (Herrera and Cosenz, The Electricity Journal, 32(8), 106636, 2019).

Natural gas is considered the fuel of the transition of fossil sources and renewable energies. This is why demand levels have increased worldwide, which requires the intervention of public and private actors to meet these requirements. Participation in the supply of diverse interconnected actors of the provider-client form, a supply chain for natural gas, in which the effects of the application of the policies that can be analyzed in time, through the use of a Model Based on Systems Dynamics for the Colombian case. The results of the model show the behavior of reserve levels, production, and transport against the levels of implementation of the policies formulated by the national government, which allows recommending actions to decision makers in the planning of policies aimed at a guarantee the uninterrupted supply of this resource.

High dependency on hydroelectricity has revealed drawbacks in the security of power supplies as a consequence of the climate variability in South America. Under these conditions, Brazil is starting to consider alternative renewable sources for energy production, seeking to avoid periods of scarcity while also promoting clean technologies in its electricity market. Since 2004, wind power has shown a significant rise in terms of installed capacity in this country. Despite increases in wind-power units, Brazil suffers from delays in setting up its transmission infrastructure, which affects the performance of the wind-power supply chain. This chapter presents a simulation model that helps assess the long-term effects of an alternative sustainable energy policy, which may contribute to overcoming the asynchrony between renewable generation policy and the insufficiency of transmission infrastructure. Using lessons learned from simulations, the research concludes that the transmission industry in Brazil requires appropriate investment incentives for just-in-time synchrony with the expansion of the wind industry.

In the following chapter, we present a model for the supply and demand of electricity in a domestic market based on system dynamics. Additionally, the model shows piecewise smooth differential equations arising from the diagram of flows and levels, using dynamical systems theory for the study of stability of the equilibrium points that have such a system. We also present simulations, nonlinear numerical analysis, and qualitative analysis to the system of differential equations obtained, which is characterized by dynamics not smooth, due to the way decisions are made in that market. Using the software package Vensim and event-based scheme implementation in Matlab are verified as different saturation phenomena, oscillations, fixed points, among others, and the relationship between leverage points and stability of equilibrium points. Finally, we conclude the effects of climate seasonality in the market. Furthermore, we show that the system becomes periodically forced due to the external variable.