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The Internet has been developing rapidly, and the way people get information is also developing, and image information is becoming more and more important in social media. The post-95 generation is the main user of the Internet and is most influenced by the Internet. In social media information, color information is very important and has strong guidance for users. This article focuses on the color preferences of the post-95 generation on social media. We collect the information of images shown by the post-95 generation on social media, analyze the uniqueness they show, use different methods to collect the information, and then analyze the color information, and finally get the color preferences of the post-95 generation on social media.

Even though knowledge work comprises tasks that cannot be modeled a priori, some structure for routine work or an outlined course of action is often necessary. Knowledge workers perform structured and ad-hoc activities – and a wide range of requirements typically yields many tools. To avoid redundant and scattered process information, a single system of record capable of consolidating flexibility and modeling of different aspects of processes is desirable. For knowledge-intensive processes, we outline how to combine process models for structured routine aspects with the ad-hoc activities and flexibility of social software in the same context. Therefore, a case comprises modeled subprocesses as well as ad-hoc activities and artifacts. The shared context allows to transparently combine aspects and deviate from predefined models. We prototypically implement our approach and show that ad-hoc project management and different notations can be applied within the same case.

Network worms have become a critical security threat to the Internet in recent years. Due to highly non-uniform distribution of vulnerable hosts and the wide application of NAT technique, they restrain the spread of traditional scan-based worm to some extent. With the rapid growth of social software, worms can spread from physical networks to social networks. Though social worms fix scanning worm deficiencies, it cannot hit some hosts not in social networks because of the dependence on the topological structure. Modern hybrid worm combines the advantages of two types of worms. On the one hand, it makes use of important scanning which results from Important Sample in statistics that scan IP-address space. On the other hand, it exploits a reinfection-trigger mechanism in social networks. Because of the potential damages, it is important for us to gain a deep understanding of the propagation dynamics of modern hybrid worm. In this paper, we present an analytical Hierarchical-Hybrid Propagation (H2P) model for characterizing worm propagation. We perform comprehensive theoretical analyses and experimental evaluation to validate our simulation model. The results show that our model presented in this paper achieves a greater accuracy in characterizing the propagation of modern hybrid worms.

Nowadays, the cultural practices in our society are affected by fast technological innovation. Among those practices, there is mourning and the way we face death. In this context, our mortuary rites are being transferred to the digital world as well. Applications for online or digital memorials are increasingly common in the web. In order to help designers model applications of the like, we herein present practical recommendations to design digital memorials, considering the technical and cultural peculiarities of addressing death and mourning in digital environments. Designers should try to follow these recommendations with a view to: meeting users’ expectations regarding this kind of social software; ensuring that all types of users will have a satisfactory interaction with the system; preserving the deceased user’s reputation; and promoting awareness of the cultural diversity of death-related domain. We illustrate these recommendations with prototypes of a possible social network for digital memorials. Finally, we discuss challenges and future works concerning these applications.

With the development of the technology, social software such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, QQ, WeChat has also achieved great development. According to the existing data, in the first quarter of 2018, WeChat’s monthly number has reached 1 billion [1]. At the same time, these large-scale nodes also carry a large amount of external information such as texts and pictures, forming a complex information network. Information networks are widely used in real life and have enormous academic and economic value. Academically, artificial intelligence, big data, deep learning and other technologies are developing rapidly. Large and complex neural networks and complex information networks urgently need to make a reasonable analysis of data [2]. In terms of application value, information networks and social networks also have a wide range of application scenarios, such as recommendation systems, community discovery and other tasks [3]. Therefore, the research and application of complex information networks is a hot issue in the field of artificial intelligence, and it is necessary to study it.

IT support for collaboration has gone through quite some change since the beginning of the century and is providing more and more support for knowledge workers. Although single systems are getting easier to use, they are often not replacing former systems but accompany them, which makes the overall system landscape harder to oversee for knowledge workers. Future information systems should therefore combine the existing building blocks under a consistent user interface and assist the user in storing information at the right place. Seamlessly switching between formats, so that the user doesn’t have to decide upfront whether a blog entry, a wiki page or a text processor document is better suited for the information. This section discusses the development of digital collaboration solutions and shows how social software has changed them to better support knowledge processes.

Education and use of technology have undergone through a turbulent development over the last two decades in the Czech Republic. Students widely utilize latest advanced technologies on the daily basis for their private purposes as well as for study purposes at majority of universities where they have access to online study materials in virtual platforms. The Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove is one of the major institutions that has co-formed and influenced the local Czech educational scene in e-learning. Both education and common life have been closely connected with social software applications. Real world is being enriched with the virtual space. It is valued for creativity and innovations it enables and fosters. The paper contributes to the exploration of utilization of Web 2.0 phenomenon in the university setting with students of financial and information management. The goal of this paper is to map real situation relating to utilization of social applications with focus on students’ expectation in potential of selected social software applications. Three hypotheses which assume that students who can see potential for educational purposes in YouTube, Facebook and a learning management system, already use these applications either for private or study purposes or both.

The use of digital media systems followed by progressive reliance on social media, appears to follow the law of sharing, an equivalent of Moore’s law in the context of social media, where the average amount of information shared doubles every year. This baseline helps businesses to develop, and accelerate, commercial and social applications, and define business information handling requirements. Business use of Web 2.0 technologies, often referred to as Enterprise 2.0, may be defined as an organization’s use of emergent social software platforms to pursue its goals. Enterprise 2.0 technologies offer business and governmental organizations the opportunity to improve their communications, processes, and ultimately performance. Creative industries are generally a collaborative activity involving many pathways and pipelines of delivery of their constituent parts. Therefore they depend on networking and connectivity between creators and distributors. The creative industries and digital media are also dominated by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and are heavily dependent on the networking of people and ideas. This combination also potentially provides additional value beyond traditional e-commerce activities due to the ability to form virtual customer environments. Other benefits include improved marketing and stronger customer relationships, and providing people and organizations with a platform to further pursue company objectives. However, the value in the use of social networking is not determined by the platforms themselves, but in how they are harnessed to create value for the organizations and participants. The risks and obstacles to organizational adoption and use of social networking and social media technologies need to be recognized. Principal concerns include sensitive or critical data appearing on a public-facing social network, data ownership, data protection, regulatory issues involving the cloud, and intellectual property. For Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) the main challenges are in terms of the appropriate deployment of social media tools, and ensuring employees receive training in the responsible use of social media.

Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to: 1. Define electronic commerce (EC) and describe its various categories. 2. Describe and discuss the content and framework of EC. 3. Describe the major types of EC transactions. 4. Describe the drivers of EC. 5. Discuss the benefits of EC to individuals, organizations, and society. 6. Discuss social computing. 7. Describe social commerce and social software. 8. Understand the elements of the digital world. 9. Describe some EC business models. 10. List and describe the major limitations of EC.

With the advent of the smart phone, technology enhanced learning ultimately became mobile. The combination of small devices and ubiquitous availability promoted a certain type of informal learning called microlearning. Unfortunately, micro-learners tend to focus on the lower level cognitive objectives remembering and understanding. Social microlearning seeks to engage the learners in activities of higher cognitive levels – such as analyzing, evaluating and creating – by using successful strategies of social software. Early results confirm the assumption that learners’ activities evolve towards higher cognitive levels over time spent on a particular subject in a social microlearning environment. Consequently, social micro-learners gain deeper insights by progressing through an upwards spiral of competence development.

The use of e-learning in education is an ever-increasing practice. E-learning could generate effective learning for education. There are several factors affecting the creation of successful e-learning for education as well as several criteria possibly applied to evaluate the effectiveness. The “traditional” way (questionnaire, interview, information system analysis) to measure effectiveness is not enough in e-learning measure of effectiveness because part of the information, that coming from social networks, will be lost. This paper, after identifying the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) of a synchronous e-learning system, and identifying the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), proposes an approach for evaluation based on the analysis of information derived from social aspects. The paper proposes a set of CSFs and KPIs to study the students’ perception and highlights how to measure the KPIs using social software information.