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The fog computing concept was proposed to help cloud computing for the data processing of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, fog computing faces several challenges such as security, privacy, and storage. One way to address these challenges is to integrate blockchain with fog computing. There are several applications of blockchain-fog computing integration that have been proposed, recently, due to their lucrative benefits such as enhancing security and privacy. There is a need to systematically review and synthesize the literature on this topic of blockchain-fog computing integration. The purposes of integrating blockchain and fog computing were determined using a systematic literature review approach and tailored search criteria established from the research questions. In this research, 181 relevant papers were found and reviewed. The results showed that the authors proposed the combination of blockchain and fog computing for several purposes such as security, privacy, access control, and trust management. A lack of standards and laws may make it difficult for blockchain and fog computing to be integrated in the future, particularly in light of newly developed technologies like quantum computing and artificial intelligence. The findings of this paper serve as a resource for researchers and practitioners of blockchain-fog computing integration for future research and designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of a new generation of applications such as the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and 5G has brought fog computing as cloud development toward the edge network. It is done by adding an extra layer of resources to meet low latency, high performance, mobility, and interoperability challenges. The development of fog markets and new beneficial business paradigms such as fog services considerably affect the future of fogonomics (which is defined as the economics of fog computing). Thus, it is a challenging issue to design a market-oriented model to deal with the economics-based resource management in fog computing, which adjusts the resource supply of Fog Resource Providers (FRPs) and the demands of User Services (USs) based on users' requirements while satisfying all parties' utilities. This paper proposes the Fog-Marketing scheme consisting of a Resource Propagation Component (RPC) and a Contract-aware Market Selection Component (CMSC) for resource provisioning in multi-tier fog computing. The RPC is deployed in each fog node to perform hierarchical resource propagation of FRPs to auction-based Fog Decentralized Markets (FDMs) close to USs to increase revenue opportunities, and embedded CMSC in the user agent applies a matching strategy to assign USs and FDMs aims to promote USs' utility. The simulation results under extensive experiments confirmed that the proposed scheme succeeded in reducing the Round-Trip-Time, increasing the revenue of FRPs, and improving the utility of USs compared to existing models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]