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Climate change has considerably dominated science-policy dialogue, public debate, and subsequently environmental policies since the three "Rio Conventions" were born. This has led to practically independent courses of action of climate change mitigation and biodiversity conservation actions, neglecting potential conflicts among outcomes and with missed opportunities for synergistic measures. Transformative governance principles have been proposed to overcome these limitations. Using a transformative governance lens, we use the case of the Norwegian "Climate Cure 2030" for the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector to, first, illustrate the mechanisms that have led to the choice of climate mitigation measures; second, to analyze the potential consequences of these measures on biodiversity and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; and, third, to evaluate alternative measures with potential positive outcomes for biodiversity and GHG emissions/removals. We point to some mechanisms that could support the implementation of these positive actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Marginal abatement costs for GHG emissions in Canada: a shadow cost approach" published in the journal Clean Technologies & Environmental Policy. The authors, Samuel Gamtessa and Monika Çule, originally published the article without open access but later decided to make it open access. The copyright of the article has been changed to © The Author(s) 2022, and it is now distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The document also includes information about permissions and copyright regulations. Springer Nature, the publisher, remains neutral regarding jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. [Extracted from the article]

The literature on global climate change has largely ignored the small but positive steps that many public and private actors are taking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A global policy is frequently posited as the only strategy needed. It is important to balance the major attention on global solutions as the only strategy for coping with climate change. Positive actions are underway at multiple, smaller scales to start the process of climate change mitigation. Researchers need to understand the strength of polycentric systems where enterprises at multiple levels may complement each other. Building a global regime is a necessity, but encouraging the emergence of a polycentric system starts the process of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and acts as a spur to international regimes to do their part. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success of the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions requires that there are scientifically sound and usable measurement methods for the emission baseline. Three different methods are investigated in the context of China’s electrical sector: simulation with dispatch analysis, decomposition analysis, and operating and build margin analysis. It is found that dispatch analysis is the best method available as it is able to consider important regional and temporal dimensions, while decomposition analysis can help quantify the potential effects of different energy and environment policy choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many developing countries, especially in Africa, contribute only very small amounts to the world total of greenhouse gas emissions. For them, the reduction of such emissions is not a priority, and the more important issue is to find ways to reduce their vulnerability to the projected climate change which is being imposed upon them largely as a result of emissions from developed countries. This priority does not accord with the ultimate objective of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which is to achieve stabilization of greenhouse gas emissions. This paper reports upon studies in Uganda designed to help in the development of a national adaptation strategy, and addresses the need to reconcile such a strategy with the global priority accorded to mitigation and with national economic development priorities. Some features of a national climate change adaptation strategy are identified and questions are raised about the need for an international regime to facilitate and support adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines issues to be discussed at the international meeting on greenhouse gas emissions in Kyoto, Japan, in December, 1997. Conflict between United States interests and the rest of the world; Controversy with US position; All countries acting in self-interest; Role of cost-benefit analysis; Development of US position; Role of Clinton Administration; The Clinton plan.

Examines the role of the Group of 77 developing countries in the upcoming international congress on greenhouse gas emissions, Kyoto, Japan, in December, 1997. Their opposition to the United States position; Why they are important; Per capita-based solution, with its opponents and supporters; Roles of India and China; Idea of equity-based distribution of responsibility for emissions.

The article shares the author's insights on the need of scientists to have a better Earth-monitoring tool to see whether climate policies are working. It suggests that any new international climate agreement should provide a much-enhanced carbon monitoring infrastructure to examine its effectiveness. Moreover, it points out that one key element will be satellite observations that offer a large-scale mapping of greenhouse-gas emissions and land-cover changes.