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Background: Vupanorsen is a GalNAc3-conjugated antisense oligonucleotide targeting angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) mRNA shown to reduce atherogenic lipoproteins in individuals with dyslipidemia. Objectives: The aim of this study was to satisfy Chinese regulatory requirements and support ethnic sensitivity assessment by evaluating pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety of vupanorsen in healthy Chinese adults with elevated triglycerides (TG). Methods: In this phase I, parallel-cohort, open-label study, 18 Chinese adults with elevated fasting TG (≥ 90 mg/dL) were randomized 1:1 to receive a single subcutaneous dose of vupanorsen 80 mg or 160 mg. PK parameters, PD markers (including ANGPTL3, TG, non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [non–HDL-C]), and safety were assessed. Results: Absorption of vupanorsen was rapid (median time to maximum concentration [Tmax]: 2.0 h for both doses), followed by a multiphasic decline (mean terminal half-life 475.9 [80 mg] and 465.2 h [160 mg]). Exposure (area under curve [AUC] and maximum plasma concentration [Cmax]) generally increased in a greater than dose-proportional manner from 80 mg to 160 mg. Time-dependent reductions in ANGPTL3 and lipid parameters were observed. Mean percentage change from baseline for the 80-mg and 160-mg doses, respectively, were – 59.7% and – 69.5% for ANGPTL3, – 41.9% and – 52.5% for TG, and – 23.2% and – 25.4% for non–HDL-C. No serious or severe adverse events (AEs), deaths, or discontinuations due to AEs were reported. Three participants experienced treatment-related AEs; all were mild and resolved by end of study. Conclusions: This study provided the first clinical vupanorsen data in China. In Chinese participants with elevated TG, PK and PD parameters were consistent with those reported previously in non-Chinese participants, including in Japanese individuals. No safety concerns were noted. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04916795. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frequent changes in economic policy pose challenges to normal business production and operations. However, little is known about the non-market strategies adopted by firms in emerging economies, such as China, in response to economic policy uncertainty. This study proposes that firms in China respond to high levels of economic policy uncertainty by increasing philanthropic donations and bribery. In addition, this study argues that private firms and state-owned firms implement different strategies to cope with economic policy uncertainty. Specifically, the study suggests that state-owned enterprises (SOEs) are more likely, than non-SOEs, to respond to economic policy uncertainty by increasing corporate philanthropy, and less likely to respond by increasing expenditure on bribes. This study obtained empirical evidence to support these views, based on an analysis of a dataset of 2,904 listed Chinese firms from 2008 to 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the specific electronic-redistribution and spatial proximity, diatomic catalysts (DACs) have been identified as principal interest for efficient photoconversion of CO2 into C2H4. However, the predominant bottom-up strategy for DACs synthesis has critically constrained the development of highly ordered DACs due to the random distribution of heteronuclear atoms, which hinders the optimization of catalytic performance and the exploration of actual reaction mechanism. Here, an up-bottom ion-cutting architecture is proposed to fabricate the well-defined DACs, and the superior spatial proximity of CuAu diatomics (DAs) decorated TiO2 (CuAu-DAs-TiO2) is successfully constructed due to the compact heteroatomic spacing (2-3 Å). Owing to the profoundly low C-C coupling energy barrier of CuAu-DAs-TiO2, a considerable C2H4 production with superior sustainability is achieved. Our discovery inspires a novel up-bottom strategy for the fabrication of well-defined DACs to motivate optimization of catalytic performance and distinct deduction of heteroatom synergistically catalytic mechanism.Principal interest lies in diatomic catalysts (DACs) for efficient CO2 to C2H4 photoconversion yet optimizing catalytic performance and exploring reaction mechanisms are impeded by heteronuclear atom random distribution. Here, a novel up-bottom ion-cutting architecture is proposed for fabricating well-defined DACs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the technical limitations of automatic coal and gangue detection technology in fully mechanized top coal caving mining operations, the low radiation level radioactivity measurement method is utilized to assess the degree of coal-gangue mixture in top coal caving process. This approach is based on the distinguishing radiation characteristics of natural γ-rays between coal and gangue. This study analyzed the distribution characteristics of natural γ-rays in coal and rock layers of thick coal seams and the applicability of this method, introduced the basic principle of coal-gangue detection technology based on natural γ-ray, developed the test system about automatic coal-gangue detection, studied the radiation characteristics of coal and gangue, proposed determination model of the coal-gangue mixed degree, combined with the time sequence characteristics of the top coal's releasing flow and the energy spectrum characteristics of different layers of rock, realized the precise coal-gangue detection technology in complex structure thick coal seam with multiple gangue. Field tests were conducted in Lilou, Xiaoyu and Tashan Coal Mine. The test results were well corroborated with the research results and achieved the expected results, which laid the foundation for the field application of intelligent coal mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the proposal of the carbon neutrality target, China's attention to carbon emissions has been further enhanced. Effective prediction of future carbon emissions is important for the formulation of carbon neutralization target and action plans in the region. Many factors affecting carbon emissions, cause their development trends may be nonlinear. To forecast the carbon emissions of coal and natural gas in the industrial sector more accurately, a new MGM(1,m,N|γ) model considering nonlinear characteristics is proposed in this paper. The new model introduces power function γ as nonlinear parameter, and the γ value is solved by nonlinear constraint function. We further deduce the simulation and prediction formula and then apply the improved model to the carbon emission forecast. The comparisons show that the nonlinear parameters can modify the trend of sequences and improve the prediction accuracy, which verifies the validity of the model. Finally, according to the influencing factors and forecast results, this paper analyzes the causes of high carbon emissions and puts forward reasonable suggestions for China's carbon governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) based on fixed-node approximation has enjoyed significant developments in the past decades and become one of the go-to methods when accurate ground state energy of molecules and materials is needed. However, the inaccurate nodal structure hinders the application of DMC for more challenging electronic correlation problems. In this work, we apply the neural-network based trial wavefunction in fixed-node DMC, which allows accurate calculations of a broad range of atomic and molecular systems of different electronic characteristics. Our method is superior in both accuracy and efficiency compared to state-of-the-art neural network methods using variational Monte Carlo (VMC). We also introduce an extrapolation scheme based on the empirical linearity between VMC and DMC energies, and significantly improve our binding energy calculation. Overall, this computational framework provides a benchmark for accurate solutions of correlated electronic wavefunction and also sheds light on the chemical understanding of molecules. An accurate ab initio calculation of molecules is fundamental to chemical and physical sciences. Here, the authors integrate a neural-network wavefunction into the fixed-node diffusion Monte Carlo, resulting in accurate calculations of a diverse range of systems, offering insights into complex many-body electronic wave functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To circumvent a potentially dense two-body interaction tensor and obtain lower asymptotic costs for quantum simulations of chemistry, the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) basis set with a rectangular partitioning strategy was recently introduced [McClean et al, New J. Phys. 22, 093015, 2020]. We propose and numerically scrutinize a more general DG basis set construction based on a Voronoi decomposition with respect to the nuclear coordinates. This allows the construction of DG basis sets for arbitrary molecular and crystalline configurations. We here employ the planewave dual basis set as primitive basis set in the supercell model; as a set of grid-based nascent delta functions, the planewave dual functions provide sufficient flexibility for the Voronoi partitioning. The presented implementation of this DG-Voronoi approach is in Python and solely based on PySCF. We numerically investigate the performance, at the mean-field and correlated level of theory for quasi-1D, quasi-2D and fully 3D systems, and exemplify the application to crystalline systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with the single-phase wireless power transfer systems, the three-phase wireless power transfer systems have the advantages of large transfer power, high position offset tolerance, and small output ripple, etc., which have been widely used for high-power application. For a three-phase rail-type dynamic wireless power transfer system, the interphase cross-coupling mutual inductance, will lead to three-phase unbalance, difficult modeling and analysis. So, a new type of three-phase rail-type magnetic coupling structure is proposed and optimized. Firstly, a magnetic coupling structure for a three-phase rail-type dynamic wireless power transfer system is proposed. Secondly, the physical principle and mathematical tools are used to calculate the primary and secondary equivalent parameters of the system, and a fully decoupled equivalent mathematical model of the system is established. Thirdly, based on the model, the output characteristics of the system such as power and efficiency are analyzed. Finally, an experimental platform for a 1 kW three-phase rail-type dynamic wireless power transfer system is built to verify the theoretical analysis. The experimental results show that the magnetic coupling structure proposed in this paper can well solve the problem of system imbalance caused by interphase cross-coupling mutual inductance, and improve the power and efficiency of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because the valence state of metal with variable valences is sensitive to oxidation atmosphere, it is difficult to fabricate single-phased metal oxide with intermediate valence by vapor or vacuum deposition. In this work, the copper valence state in oxides was controlled by introducing a nitrogen flow into the sputtering chamber. The surface chemical potential of oxygen can be efficiently tuned through adsorption competition on the growth surface. The transition process from CuO–Cu2O mixture to single Cu2O was observed with increasing the nitrogen flow rate. For the single-phased Cu2O, the hole concentration was tuned in a range of 2.6 × 1017 to 1.1 × 1018 cm−3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transfer efficiency is one of the most significant indexes of magnetic coupling wireless power transfer (MC-WPT) systems, which is severely affected by frequency splitting. In this paper, a novel method is proposed for MC-WPT systems to achieve the maximum transfer efficiency by introducing and controlling the circuit detuning factors while maintaining the operating frequency at constant. Firstly, the circuit model of tri-coil MC-WPT systems is established along with the derivation of some key concepts, including the transfer efficiency and circuit detuning factors. Then the analytical expressions of the optimal circuit detuning factors, maximum transfer efficiency and a comprehensive discriminant which could quickly and accurately determine the critical value for every system parameters are derived. Further, the physical interpretation of the maximum transfer efficiency is firstly elucidated from the perspective of energy flow: (1) when the system is in non-splitting region, the energy flow path of the maximum transfer efficiency is transmitter–relay–receiver; (2) when system is in splitting region, the energy flow path of the maximum transfer efficiency is directly from the transmitter to the receiver. Finally, simulation models and practical prototypes are designed to verify the theoretical results. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed system can maintain an almost constant maximum transfer efficiency over a wide range of transfer distance. The derived discriminant is very useful for guiding the system design in the future, and the energy flow analysis method will be beneficial for maximizing the efficiency for multi-coil MC-WPT systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A systematic strategy of absorbing boundary conditions for molecular dynamics simulations are presented. The exact boundary conditions for crystalline solids with harmonic approximation are expressed as a dynamic Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) map. It connects the displacement of the atoms at the boundary to the traction on these atoms. The DtN map is valid for a domain with general geometry. To avoid evaluating the time convolution of the dynamic DtN map, we approximate the associated kernel function by rational functions in the Laplace domain. The parameters in the approximations are determined by interpolations. The explicit forms of the zeroth, first, and second order approximations will be presented. The stability of the molecular dynamics model, supplemented with these absorbing boundary conditions is established. Two numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of perovskite oxides SrBiMTiO (M = Fe, Mn, Cr) have been synthesized and characterized towards application as cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns reveal that all samples are stabilized in $$ \mathrm{Pm}\ \overline{3}\mathrm{m} $$ space group. Electrical conductivity, AC impedance characteristics, and thermal and chemical stability have been studied in order to assess their possible use as SOFC cathode materials. In comparison with other low electrical conductivity cathodes of SOFC, our results suggest that SrBiMnTiO, which has the highest electrical conductivity (4.02 S cm) and moderate polarization resistance (0.104 Ω cm) at 850 °C, is the most promising candidate among the three perovskite oxides for further study and optimization as a SOFC cathode material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human lysozyme (hLYZ) has important potential applications as antimicrobial medicine and food additive. To develop a robust expression vector that ensures expression of large amounts of hLYZ in milk, here a 26,267 bp chimeric mouse whey acidic protein ( mWAP):: hLYZ cassette was constructed and used as a mammary gland-specific expression vector, in which a 3,010 bp genomic sequence in the 24,466 bp mWAP gene locus was substituted by a 4,811 bp genomic sequence of hLYZ, exactly from the start codon to the stop codon. Corresponding transgenic mice were generated, and enzymatically-active hLYZ was expressed at 18.4-35 g l in the milk of most transgenic mouse lines. Our transgenic mice carrying chimeric mWAP:: hLYZ represent a model system for cost-effective production of hLYZ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]