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Epilepsy is a psychosocial neurological disorder, which emerges as a major threat to public health. In this age of the internet of things, the smart diagnosis of epilepsy has gained huge research attention with machine learning-based seizure detection in cloud-fog assisted environments. The present paper also proposes a cloud-fog integrated smart neurocare approach, which performs a temporal analysis of raw electroencephalogram (EEG) signals using deep learning to detect the occurrence of epileptic seizures. This patient-independent approach makes use of single-channel EEG signals to achieve real-time and computationally efficient seizure detection at fog layer devices. It employs a maximum variance-based channel selection procedure to select only one channel of raw scalp EEG signals, followed by their filtering and segmentation into various short-duration temporal segments. To analyse EEG patterns, these segments are further fed to the proposed models of convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network and stacked autoencoder deep learning classifiers. The performance analysis through simulation results evidently reveals that the proposed convolutional neural network-based temporal analysis approach performs better than other approaches. It realises an optimum accuracy of 96.43%, sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 93.33% for 30s duration EEG segments of CHB-MIT dataset and achieves 100% accuracy, sensitivity and specificity values for EEG segments of Bonn dataset for 23.6s EEG segments. Thus, the proposed convolutional neural network-based approach emerges as an appropriate method for rapid and accurate detection of epileptic seizures in fog-cloud integrated environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neural network (NN) finds role in variety of applications due to combined effect of feature extraction and classification availability in deep learning algorithms. In this paper, we have chosen SVM, logistic regression machine learning algorithms and NN for EEG signal classification. Two-layer LSTM and four-layer improved NN deep learning algorithms are proposed to improve the performance in EEG classification. Novelty lies in one-dimensional gradient descent activation functions with radial basis operations used in the initial layers of improved NN which help in achieving better performance. Statistical features namely mean, standard deviation, kurtosis and skewness are extracted for input EEG collected from Bonn database and then applied for various classification techniques. Accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score are the performance metrics used for analyzing the algorithms. Improved NN and LSTM give better performance compared to all other architectures. The simulations are carried out with variety of activation functions, optimizers and loss models to analyze the performance using Python in keras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]