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Previous research has consistently demonstrated that students often possess an inadequate understanding of fundamental quantum optics concepts, even after formal instruction. Findings from physics education research suggest that introducing a mathematical formalism to describe quantum optical phenomena may enhance students' conceptual understanding of quantum optics. This paper investigates whether using formal descriptions of quantum optics phenomena – such as photon anticorrelation at a beamsplitter or single-photon interference in a Michelson interferometer – expressed in Dirac notation, can support secondary school students in developing functional thinking about photons. To investigate this, we conducted a clusterrandomized field study, comparing the improvement in functional thinking between 67 students in the intervention group, who were taught using both qualitative and quantitative reasoning, and 66 students in the control group, who were taught using only qualitative reasoning. The results indicate that mathematical formalism can indeed promote functional thinking about photons. However, the comparison between the intervention and control groups revealed that the control group exhibited a greater increase in functional thinking than the intervention group. In response to these findings, we conducted a follow-up study aimed at gaining a deeper understanding of the cognitive load associated with both approaches. Specifically, we compared the intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load of 71 students in the intervention group with those of 65 students in the control group. The data analysis revealed that the two groups had statistically significant differences in intrinsic cognitive load while the extraneous cognitive load did not difer statistically significant, indicating a higher mental effort associated to the quantitative reasoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This three-part paper comprises: (i) a critique by Halvorson of Bell's (1973) paper 'Subject and Object'; (ii) a comment by Butterfield; (iii) a reply by Halvorson. An Appendix gives the passage from Bell that is the focus of Halvorson's critique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum entanglement is a challenging concept within the field of physics education, often eluding a full grasp by both educators and learners alike. In this paper, we report findings from a two-phase empirical study into the views of entanglement held by pre-service physics teachers and physics students from various universities. In the first phase, we utilized a questionnaire consisting of open-ended questions which was completed by 31 pre-service physics teachers. The study participants' ideas were explored using qualitative content analysis which led to the creation of rating scale items used in study phase 2. These items were administered to a broader cohort including 73 physics university students in order to capture the learners' agreement or disagreement with the questionnaire statements, and hence, helped to validate and substantiate the in-depth insights from study phase 1. Key findings revealed widespread accurate notions, like the need to consider the entire system when examining entangled states. However, less elaborated views were also identified, including ideas such as that measurements of entangled states always show perfect (anti-)correlation. Another striking observation was the confusion between quantum entanglement and superposition. In the case of quantum teleportation, many participants seemed to have a basic grasp of the concept, although a number of misconceptions were apparent, notably the idea that quantum entanglement enables faster-than-light communication. Practically, the findings can assist educators in anticipating and addressing widespread (mis-)conceptions, paving the way for more effective instruction in quantum mechanics and its real-world applications, such as quantum cryptography and computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The controversy over Majorana particles is eroding confidence in the field. More accountability and openness are needed — from authors, reviewers and journal editors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the consequences of discretization of space in quantum mechanics. Specifically, I show that under normal conditions in space where the wave function is uniform across a quantum of space, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle is identically satisfied, where the “normal conditions” are defined as p x Δ x / ħ ≪ 1 with Δ x characterizing the size of a quantum of position space or equivalently Δ p x x / ħ ≪ 1 with Δ p x characterizing the size of a quantum of momentum space (this limiting behavior is also at the core of Nyquist sampling theorem; see Jerri (1977); Vaidyanathan (IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. I Fundam. Theory Appl. 48(9), 1094–1109, 2001); Ozaktas et al. (2001)). Moreover, I derive an equation similar to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle which imposes a constraint on the minimum values of “precision” of space (i.e. the maximum values for Δ x and Δ p x ). Additionally, I show that in discretized space the simultaneous minimum position and minimum momentum uncertainties are unphysical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physics education has been identified as one of the public sectors that are mostly influenced by technological developments. This paper adopted the quasi-experimental pre- and post-test design to assess the effects of multimedia-aided technologies (MAT) on undergraduate students' performance in quantum physics (QP) at the University of Rwanda College of Education (UR-CE). The researcher used purposive sampling to get 385 undergraduate students. Participants were randomly allocated into experimental (group A) and control (group B) groups. Group A (187 students) students were taught selected topics of quantum physics (blackbody radiation, photoelectric effect, Compton effect, wave aspects of particles, De Broglie's hypothesis, diffraction, interference and double-slit experiment, model of the atom, uncertainty relations, wave function, and Schrodinger equations) for 6 weeks using multimedia-aided technologies and engage, predict, observe, and explain (EPOE) method, whereas group B (187 students) was taught same topics during the same period with a lecture method. The results of ANCOVA revealed that the group's performance was the same (p >.05) before learning with no effect size (.000), while they diverged after learning with different teaching interventions. The significance was very high and statistically different (p <.001) with a large effect size (>.5). This implies that students taught with multimedia-aided technologies (experimental group) outperformed those students taught with lecture teaching methods (control group). Thus, the study recommends that educators should adapt teaching using MAT and EPOE strategy not only in QP but also in other domains of physics to improve active engagement, understanding levels, and academic achievement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The social and economic sciences are grounded on the basic assumption that social life, decision-making behavior, and consciousness are classical physical and therefore material phenomena. Quantum social science, a new research area, which refers to the knowledge and interpretations of quantum physics, is challenging this assumption. This paper gives an overview of quantum social science and explains quantum decision theory on the one hand with a focus on the cognitive biases first elaborated by Kahneman & Tversky, and on the other hand by Darwin´s theory of evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nobel prizewinner Alain Aspect's 'crackpot' studies of quantum entanglement have explored the tricks reality plays on us — and built on ideas from a physics great. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term soul is used in the traditional literature as a synonym for one’s true Self and is associated with the subjective essence of one’s living. Since, we don’t have any means to quantify it, the science has ruled out this idea from its investigations. But, in a recent study, Ceylan et al. (2017) has reintroduced the word soul to scientific literature and examined the possibility of the study of the soul through scientific modalities. The primary focus of their study is to find and understand the scientific analog of the soul as quoted and discussed in the traditional literature. In the present paper, we examine the idea of a soul that uses a novel approach; integrating neuroscience and quantum physics, as proposed in Ceylan et al. (2017). For this purpose, we make use of findings from neuroscientific studies on meditation to understand the concepts of soul and consciousness in terms of inhibition mechanisms. In this context, this paper serves as an attempt to call for more studies to discuss and expand the hypothesis about the soul as uninhibited mental activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper traces the social and cultural dimensions of quantum physics in colonial India where Satyendranath Bose worked. By focusing on Bose's approach towards the quantum and his collaboration with Albert Einstein, I argue that his physics displayed both the localities of doing science in early twentieth century India as well as a cosmopolitan dimension. He transformed the fundamental new concept of the light quantum developed by Einstein in 1905 within the social and political context of colonial India. This cross-pollination of the local with the global is termed here as the locally rooted cosmopolitan nature of Bose's science. The production of new knowledge through quantum statistics by Bose show the co-constructed nature of physics and the transnational nature of the quantum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to answer the following question: What is a minimal set of entities that form an ontology of the natural world, given our well-established physical theories? The proposal is that the following two axioms are sufficient to obtain such a minimalist ontology: (1) There are distance relations that individuate simple objects, namely matter points. (2) The matter points are permanent, with the distances between them changing. I sketch out how one can obtain our well-established physical theories on the basis of just these two axioms. The argument for minimalism in ontology then is that it yields all the explanations that one can reasonably demand in science and philosophy, while avoiding the drawbacks that come with a richer ontology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contemporary philosophy of science many theories of explanation are rooted in positivist or post-positivists accounts of explanation. This paper attempts to ground a phenomenological account of scientific explanation by using the works of Werner Heisenberg and Patrick Heelan. To explain something for Heisenberg is to describe what can be intersubjectively observed and conceptualized in an adequate language. However, this needs to be qualified, as not any adequate account will do. While Heisenberg thinks that Kant is right to think that a priori concepts are the conditions which make science, and thus explanation, possible, he also believes pure a priori concepts have a limited range of applicability. Neils Bohr shared this belief with Heisenberg, but thinks human thought can go no further. However, Heisenberg never gave up on the idea that we could create new concepts that act as a priori grounds for quantum entities. To go beyond Heisenberg, I believe that we should look to Husserl's account of Evidenz and the material a priori to help us think about a phenomenological account of explanation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study a regularized version of Van Hove's 1952 model, in which a quantum field interacts linearly with sources of finite width lying at fixed positions. We show that the central result of Van Hove's 1952 paper on the foundations of Quantum Field Theory, the orthogonality between the spaces of state vectors which correspond to different values of the parameters of the theory, disappears when a well-defined model is considered. We comment on the implications of our results for the contemporary relevance of Van Hove's article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By smashing protons together at blinding speeds, scientists have shown that pairs of quarks display the phenomenon of quantum entanglement. The result could lead to fresh insight about one of the forces holding nuclei together.Proton–proton collisions confirm quantum principle in top-quark pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses a problem for the unification of quantum physics with the new Aristotelianism: the identification of the members of the category of substance (ousia). I outline briefly the role that substance plays in Aristotelian metaphysics, leading to the postulating of the Tiling Constraint. I then turn to the question of which entities in quantum physics can qualify as Aristotelian substances. I offer an answer: the theory of thermal substances, and I construct a fivefold case for thermal substances, based on the irreversibility of time, the definition of thermodynamic concepts, spontaneous symmetry breaking, phase transitions, and chemical form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an effort to describe, in neuroscientific terms, one of the most ambiguous concepts of the universe-the soul. Previous efforts to understand what the soul is and where it may exist have accepted the soul as a subjective and individual entity. We will make two additions to this view: (1) The soul is a result of uninhibited mental activity and lacks spatial and temporal information; (2) The soul is an undivided whole and, to become divided, the soul has to be reduced into unconscious and conscious mental events. This reduction process parallels the maturation of the frontal cortex and GABA becoming the main inhibitory neurotransmitter. As examples of uninhibited mental activity, we will discuss the perceptual differences of a newborn, individuals undergoing dissociation, and individuals induced by psychedelic drugs. Then, we will explain the similarities between the structure of the universe and the structure of the brain, and we propose that consideration of the rules of quantum physics is necessary to understand how the soul is reduced into consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers a contribution to the history of scientific ideas by proposing an epistemological argument supporting the assumption made by Miller whereby Niels Bohr has been influenced by cubism (Jean Metzinger) when he developed his non-intuitive complementarity principle. More specifically, this essay will identify the Bergsonian durée as the conceptual bridge between Metzinger and Bohr. Beyond this conceptual link between the painter and the physicist, this paper aims to emphasize the key role played by art in the development of human knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A silicon-based quantum-computing platform has met key standards for reducing error — setting the stage for quantum devices that could benefit from established semiconductor microchip technologies.Milestone for fault-tolerant quantum computers based on silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecular Bose–Einstein condensates could help to provide the answers to fundamental questions, or form the basis of new quantum computers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computational rules might describe the evolution of the cosmos better than the dynamical equations of physics — but only if they are given a quantum twist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A system of nine quantum bits has been used to simulate a state known as a holographic wormhole, a concept that features in attempts to reconcile quantum mechanics with the general theory of relativity.Qubits used to simulate quantum-gravity concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid-state systems that are designed to simulate the quantum behaviour of electrons in a solid could rival established techniques that require exhaustive computation or precise control of atoms in dilute gases.Quantum simulators made from solid-state systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Richard Gans (1880–1954) was appointed Professor of Physics and Director of the Institute of Physics of the National University of La Plata,Argentina, in 1912 and published a series of papers on quantum physics between 1915 and 1918 that marked him as the first quantum physicist in Latin America. I set Gans’s work within the context of his education and career in Germany prior to 1912 and his life and work in Argentina until 1925, as well as the foundation of the Institute of Physics of the National University of La Plata in 1906–1909 and its subsequent development by Emil Bose (1874–1911). I conclude by commenting on Gans’s life after he returned to Germany in 1925 and then immigrated once again to Argentina in 1947. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A conjecture connected with quantum physics led N. Katz to discover some amazing mixed character sum identities over a field of q elements, where q is a power of a prime $$p >3$$ . His proof required deep algebro-geometric techniques, and he expressed interest in finding a more straightforward direct proof. The first author recently gave such a proof of his identities when $$q \equiv 1 \pmod 4$$ , and this paper provides such a proof for the remaining case $$q \equiv 3 \pmod 4$$ . Our proofs are valid for all characteristics $$p>2$$ . Along the way we prove some elegant new character sum identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cryptographic scheme offers a secure way of exchanging data using a phenomenon called quantum entanglement. The approach relies on special quantum correlations between particles that help to prevent tampering.A device-independent method for quantum key distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By suppressing questions they considered too 'philosophical', post-war physicists created an unquestioning orthodoxy that influences science to this day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum physics (QP) education at the secondary school level is still in its infancy. Not only is there ongoing discussion about how to teach this subject, but there is also a lack of coherence in the selection of concepts to be taught, both across countries and over time. To contribute to this discussion, we investigated the perspectives of N = 39 high school teachers, university-level physics educators, and physics education researchers regarding the essential concepts in QP and the corresponding illustrations that should be introduced at the secondary school level. We examined the prominence of different key concepts and illustrations, as well as the level of consensus among the various professional groups. Our analysis revealed that certain key concepts are universally valued across all professional groups, while others are specific to particular groups. Additionally, we explored the relationships between these key concepts and their corresponding illustrations. Overall, our study offers valuable insights into the perspectives of different stakeholders, emphasizing the essential concepts and visualizations that should be considered when designing and implementing the teaching of QP at the secondary school level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atomic clocks known as optical clocks are more accurate and stable than current timekeepers. Two quantum-engineering approaches could improve the performance of optical clocks even further and extend their applications. Advances in developing a new generation of highly accurate clocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To his friends, colleagues, and students, Martin Klein was a gentle and modest man of extraordinary integrity whose stellar accomplishments garnered him many honors. I sketch his life and career, in which he transformed himself from a theoretical physicist at Columbia University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the Case Institute of Technology into a historian of physics while on leave at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Study and the University of Leiden and then pursued this field full time at Yale University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before we dive in this essay into the accessibility stream of nowadays indicatory applications of octonions and quaternions to computer and other sciences and to quantum physics (see for example [-], [], []) and to Clifford algebras (see for example [,], ) let us focus for a while on the crucially relevant events for today's revival on interest to nonassociativities while the role of associative quaternions in eight periodicity constructive classification of associative Clifford algebras is now a text-book knowledge. Our reflections keep wandering back to the Brahmagupta-Fibonacci Two-Square Identity and then via the Euler Four-Square Identity up to the Degen-Graves-Cayley Eight-Square Identity. These glimpses of history incline and invite us to re-tell the story on how about one month after quaternions have been carved on the Brougham bridge octonions were discovered by John Thomas Graves (1806-1870), jurist and mathematician - a friend of William Rowan Hamilton (1805-1865). As for today we just mention en passant quaternionic and octonionic quantum mechanics, generalization of Cauchy-Riemann equations for octonions and Triality Principle and G group in spinor language in a descriptive way in order not to daunt non-specialists. Relation to finite geometries is recalled and the links to the 7Stones of seven sphere, seven 'imaginary' octonions' units in out of the Plato's Cave Reality applications are appointed. This way we are welcome back to primary ideas of Heisenberg, Wheeler and other distinguished founders of quantum mechanics and quantum gravity foundations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I give two arguments for the claim that all events which occur at the actual world and are such that they could be caused, are also such that they must actually be caused. The first argument is an improvement of a similar argument advanced by Alexander Pruss, which I show to be invalid. It uses Pruss's Brouwer Analog for counterfactual logic, and, as a consequence, implies inconsistency with Lewis's semantics for counterfactuals. While (I suggest) this consequence may not be objectionable, the argument founders on the fact that Pruss's Brouwer Analog has a clear counterexample. I thus turn to a second, 'Lewisian' argument, which requires only an affirmation of one element of Lewis's analysis of causation and one other, fairly weak possibility claim about the nature of wholly contingent events. The final section of the paper explains how both arguments escape objections from supposed indeterminacy in quantum physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, we review some recent results about commutative positive operator valued measures (POVMs) and single out some open problems. We introduce a conjecture about the extension of some recent results and prove some important consequences of such conjecture. In particular, we prove that it implies the universal character of some of the mathematical objects we introduce, i.e., the fact that they do not depend on the POV measure we are considering. We analyze the relevance of this result. Finally, we point out that some of the results we present admit a constructive proof and we show the relevance of this fact to the theory of commutative POV measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

fter Heitler and London published their pioneering work on the application of quantum mechanics to chemistry in 1927, it became an almost unquestioned dogma that chemistry would soon disappear as a discipline of its own rights. Reductionism felt victorious in the hope of analytically describing the chemical bond and the structure of molecules. The old quantum theory has already produced a widely applied model for the structure of atoms and the explanation of the periodic system. This paper will show two examples of the entry of quantum physics into more classical fields of chemistry: inorganic chemistry and physical chemistry. Due to their professional networking, George Hevesy and Michael Polanyi found their ways to Niels Bohr and Fritz London, respectively, to cooperate in solving together some problems of classical chemistry. Their works on rare earth elements and adsorption theory throws light to the application of quantum physics outside the reductionist areas. They support the heuristic and persuasive value of quantum thinking in the 1920-1930s. Looking at Polanyi's later oeuvre, his experience with adsorption theory could be a starting point of his non-justificationist philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the paper is to show that by cleaning Classical Logic ( CL) from redundancies (irrelevances) and uninformative complexities in the consequence class and from too strong assumptions (of CL) one can avoid most of the paradoxes coming up when CL is applied to empirical sciences including physics. This kind of cleaning of CL has been done successfully by distinguishing two types of theorems of CL by two criteria. One criterion (RC) forbids such theorems in which parts of the consequent (conclusion) can be replaced by arbitrary parts salva validitate of the theorem. The other (RD) reduces the consequences to simplest conjunctive consequence elements. Since the application of RC and RD to CL leads to a logic without the usual closure conditions, an approximation to RC and RD has been constructed by a basic logic with the help of finite (6-valued) matrices. This basic logic called RMQ (relevance, matrix, Quantum Physics) is consistent and decidable. It distinguishes two types of validity (strict validity) and classical or material validity. All theorems of CL (here: classical propositional calculus CPC) are classically or materially valid in RMQ. But those theorems of CPC which obey RC and RD and avoid the difficulties in the application to empirical sciences and to Quantum Physics are separated as strictly valid in RMQ. In the application to empirical sciences in general the proposed logic avoids the well known paradoxes in the area of explanation, confirmation, versimilitude and Deontic Logic. Concerning the application to physics it avoids also the difficulties with distributivity, commensurability and with Bell's inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the authors, I demonstrate how threshold concepts offer a means to both contextualise teaching and learning of quantum physics and help transform students into the culture of physics, and as a way to identify particularly troublesome concepts within quantum physics. By drawing parallels from my own doctoral research in another area of contemporary physics—special relativity—I highlight concepts that require an ontological change, namely a shift beyond the reality of everyday Newtonian experience such as time dilation and length contraction, as being troublesome concepts that can present barriers to learning with students often asking “is it real?”. Similarly, the domain of quantum physics requires students to move beyond “common sense” perception as it brings into sharp focus the difference between what is experienced via the sense perceptions and the mental abstraction of phenomena. And it’s this issue that highlights the important role imagery and creativity have both in quantum physics and in the evolution of physics more generally, and lies in stark contrast to the apparent mathematical focus and lack of opportunity for students to explore ontological issues evident in the authors’ research. By reflecting on the authors’ observations of a focus on mathematical formalisms and problem solving at the expense of alternative approaches, I explore the dialectic between Heisenberg’s highly mathematical approach and Schrödinger’s mechanical wave view of the atom, together with its conceptual imagery, at the heart of the evolution of quantum mechanics. In turn, I highlight the significance of imagery, imagination and intuition in quantum physics, together with the importance of adopting an epistemological pluralism—multiple ways of knowing and thinking—in physics education. Again drawing parallels with the authors’ work and my own, I identify the role thought experiments have in both quantum physics education and in physics more generally. By introducing the notion of play, I advocate adopting and celebrating multiple approaches of teaching and learning, including thought experiments, play, dialogue and a more conceptual approach inclusive of multiple forms of representation, that complements the current instructional, mathematical approach so as to provide better balance to learning, teaching and the curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small groups of mobile neutral atoms have been manipulated with extraordinary control to form 'logical' quantum bits. These qubits can perform quantum computations more reliably than can individual atoms. Parallel computation on logical qubits using neutral atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The famed thought experiment, which posits that a cat can be alive and dead at the same time, is confirmed with classical evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We explore a variety of unsolved problems in density functional theory, where mathematicians might prove useful. We give the background and context of the different problems, and why progress toward resolving them would help those doing computations using density functional theory. Subjects covered include the magnitude of the kinetic energy in Hartree–Fock calculations, the shape of adiabatic connection curves, using the constrained search with input densities, densities of states, the semiclassical expansion of energies, the tightness of Lieb–Oxford bounds, and how we decide the accuracy of an approximate density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With quantum technologies heading for the mainstream, undergraduate courses are preparing the workforce of the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutral atoms are fast becoming prime candidates for use in quantum computers. Two studies involving multiple quantum bits show how this platform enables creative solutions for building quantum circuits.Multi-qubit circuits realized with cold atom arrays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A gas of molecules that interact over long distances has been cooled to mere nanokelvins, resulting in the emergence of a state known as a Bose–Einstein condensate — the first of its kind in this type of molecular system.Bose–Einstein condensate realized in an ultracold gas of polar molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A quantum device uses ultracold atoms to sense gravitational changes that can detect a tunnel under a city street. Here, scientists discuss the advance from the viewpoints of quantum sensing and geophysics.Two views on quantum sensing in geophysics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of ‘weak neutral currents’ at Europe’s particle-physics research centre CERN 50 years ago was a decisive step towards establishing the standard model of particle physics — a journey that continues to this day.The discovery of weak neutral currents in particle-collision experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laser-cooled ions have been used to substantially lower the temperature of a proton located several centimetres away. This technique could be useful in ultraprecise measurements of the properties of antimatter particles.Sympathetic cooling of a trapped proton by ions in a separate trap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supersolids are exotic materials whose constituent particles can simultaneously form a crystal and flow without friction. The first 2D supersolid has been produced using ultracold gases of highly magnetic atoms.Exotic material formed from ultracold dysprosium atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiments show that a collection of bouncing fluid droplets can behave like a microscopic system of spins — the intrinsic angular momenta of particles. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of the physics of spin systems.Complex interactions synchronize droplet motion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precise measurements of the position of a levitating nanosphere have been used to control forces that damp the nanosphere’s motion — potentially opening the way to quantum control of larger objects.Nanospheres cooled to energies close to their quantum ground state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly precise timekeeping instrument has been adapted for the real world. The compact and robust device is smaller than its commercial counterparts and performs comparably in the laboratory and aboard a naval ship.At-sea testing of three compact optical clocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By adapting a device designed to create extremely high pressures into one that can sense magnetic fields, researchers have obtained evidence that a hydrogen-rich material is a superconductor, eliminating long-standing doubts.Meissner effect confirms superconductivity in cerium superhydride. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The data-embedding process is one of the bottlenecks of quantum machine learning, potentially negating any quantum speedups. In light of this, more effective data-encoding strategies are necessary. We propose a photonic-based bosonic data-encoding scheme that embeds classical data points using fewer encoding layers and circumventing the need for nonlinear optical components by mapping the data points into the high-dimensional Fock space. The expressive power of the circuit can be controlled via the number of input photons. Our work sheds some light on the unique advantages offered by quantum photonics on the expressive power of quantum machine learning models. By leveraging the photon-number dependent expressive power, we propose three different noisy intermediate-scale quantum-compatible binary classification methods with different scaling of required resources suitable for different supervised classification tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]