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Macro and miofloral analyses of coal-bearing sequences of the Jarangdih coal mine, Damodar Basin, were carried out to infer the floral diversity, age assessment, and the palaeoenvironment during the deposition of the Barakar Formation in this area. Damodar Basin, one of the five major Gondwana basins in India, is considered as the reference basin for inter-basinal age correlations. The Barakar strata of this colliery have yielded a diverse macroflora consisting of the groups Glossopteridales (Glossopteris, Vertebraria, Gangamopteris, fructifications, and stem casts) and Equisetales (Phyllotheca indica, Schizoneura gondwanensis, and Paracalamites sp.). The genus Glossopteris dominates the assemblage with 16 species viz. G. arberi, G. communis, G. churiensis, G. giridihensis, G. indica, G. intermedia, G. intermittens, G. leptoneura, G. linearis, G. mohudaensis, G. recurva, G. searsolensis, G. stenoneura, G. taenensis, G. tenuifolia, and G. tenuinervis. The leaves of Glossopteris leptoneura have impressions of male sporangia adhered on them. The groups Lycopodiales, Coniferales, Sphenophyllales, and Filicales are not represented as macrofloral remains; however, their presence is recorded in the palynoassemblage. The palynological analysis has revealed only one palynoassemblage characterised by the dominance of striate bisaccate palynomorphs mainly Faunipollenites and non-striate bisaccate pollen—Scheuringipollenites. The other stratigraphically significant palynotaxa are Striatopodocarpites, Verticipollenites, Crescentipollenites, Striatites, and Arcuatipollenites. The recovered palyno- and megafloral assemblages suggest the late early Permian (Kungurian) age to the Barakar strata of Jarangdih coal mine and prevalence of moderately warm climate during their deposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palynological investigations are carried out on approximately 538.00-m thick Gondwana strata from borehole SKB-1, Binja Block, South Karanpura Coalfield in Jharkhand. Based on the distribution pattern of age marker palynotaxa, two distinct palynoassemblages are identified. Palynoassemblage-I in the lithologically designated Barren Measures and Barakar formations, between 552.00 and 53.20 m depth show dominance of striate bisaccate ( Striatopodocarpites, Crescentipollenites, and Faunipollenites) and abundance of nonstriate bisaccate ( Scheuringipollenites). Upward the Palynoassemblage-II (39.50-13.80 m depth) is rich in striate bisaccate ( Striatopodocarpites and Crescentipollenites) and significant enveloping monosaccate Densipollenites magnicorpus pollen. These strata have been equated with Raniganj Formation of Latest Permian age. The First Appearance Datum (FAD) of Arcuatipollenites pellucidus, Playfordiaspora cancellosa, Alisporites sp., Falcisporites sp. and Krempipollenites indicus observed at 13.80 and 39.50 m depth, mark the transition of Permian into the Lower Triassic. The FADs of Guttulapollenites spp. at 49.10 and 504.70 m, Goubinispora morondavensis at 415.90 m, Alisporites ovalis and Arcuatipollenites sp. at 526.70 m is observed and suggest that these sediments are equivalent to Raniganj Formation, Late Permian in age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The palynostratigraphic data given here are based on the explored borecores (TRBD-2, TRBD-3 and TROD-1), by Geological Survey of India. The Permian strata worked-out is about 1174.00 m thick and comprises from base to top - Talchir, Barakar and Barren Measures formations. The palynological content enables delimitation of five palynological assemblages. (i) Scheuringipollenites barakarensis, (ii) Faunipollenites varius, (iii) Gondisporites raniganjensis, (iv) Densipollenites magnicorpus, and (v) Krempipollenites indicus in ascending order from the subsuface rock strata. The lithologically identified strata Talchir Formation in borecores TRBD-2 and TRBD-3 is palynologically dated late Early Permian in having the Scheuringipollenites barakarensis and the Faunipollenites varius palynozones. Subsequently, the part of Barakar strata in these borecores corroborates with Barakar Formation. In borecore TRBD-3, the Barren Measures rocks do not match with the palynological dates, and are affiliated with the palynoflora of the Raniganj Formation. In TROD-1, the strata identified as Barakar Formation is dated Late Permian in having Gondisporites ranigangensis Palynozone; while that of Barren Measures Formation is palynologically dated Early Triassic having Krempipollenites indicus Palynozone. The palynology has helped in the precise dating of the Lower Gondwana succession of Odari and Bartikhurd blocks in Tatapani-Ramkola Coalfield of South Rewa Gondwana Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gondwana sediments comprising fine-grained shales, carbonaceous shales, sandstones and the coal horizon in borecore RT-4 (approximately 547.00m thick) from Tamra block, Raniganj Coalfield, Damodar Basin, are analyzed palynologically. Based on the distribution pattern of marker palynotaxa, two assemblage zones are identified. In the Barren Measures Formation, dominance of enveloping monosaccate ( Densipollenites) along with striate bisaccate ( Striatopodocarpites, Faunipollenites) pollen taxa, and the FAD's of Kamthisaccites and Arcuatipollenites observed at 30.75, have equated this strata (30.75-227.80 m thick) with the Raniganj Formation of Late Permian in age. Downwards in the Barakar Formation, between 423.80-577.70 m depths, an abundance of non-striate ( Scheuringipollenites) and striate ( Faunipollenites and Striatopodocarpites) bisaccate pollen taxa is observed, that dates late Early Permian in age. Fair occurrences of hyaline, distorted and blackish-brown plant matter is observed within 231.00-408.40 m depths. Present study infers the existence of the Raniganj Formation in the lithologically delimited Barren Measures Formation in the study area, and the underlying unproductive strata (approx. 177.40m) might represent the part of the Barren Measures Formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]