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Equations are derived for mean friction and heat-transfer coefficients to solve problems of updating industrial plants for getting oil fractions based on application of approximate method for modeling momentum and heat transfer in heat exchangers with surface intensifiers. The Deissler and Van-Driest turbulent boundary-layer model is used for the turbulent viscosity function for a flat smooth wall. An equation is derived for the Stanton number using Chilton-Colburn hydrodynamic analogy, and agreement with the known analogy is shown. Identical local properties of turbulent motion in the boundary layer on a plate and in the wall layer of a tube and the conservative properties of the laws of friction and heat transfer to turbulences, which are taken account of parametrically, are used for modeling momentum and heat transfer in channels with surface intensifiers. Equations are derived for the mean tangential stress in the channels with intensifiers and for the Nusselt number using a dissipative model. The results of calculations and comparison with the known experimental investigations are given for tubes with surface wire inserts, with spiral finning and rectangular projections for transformer oil at Reynolds numbers 200 < Re < 2000. Thus, the adequacy of the developed mathematical model is proved in a wide range of operating and design parameters and thermophysical properties of liquids and gases. Further, the hydraulic resistance of the channel is the key experimental information about the object of modeling. Examples of use of mathematical model for designing and commissioning heat exchangers in petroleum fuels fractionating plants at industrial enterprises in the Russian Federation and abroad are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis keeps on temperature fields in ground surrounding shallow tube stations in the conditions of sharp continental climate in Siberia. The dependence between the surrounding ground temperatures at the interface of the ground and the upper covering of the shallow tube station and the station depth has been found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]