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This research aims to explore the influencing mechanism of a caring ethical climate on knowledge-hiding behavior in large construction firms according to the reciprocity principle of social exchange theory. This is an empirical study based on the analysis of survey data collected from 413 employees working in large construction firms in China. Hierarchical regression is applied to test the research model. This research finds: (1) Caring ethical climate has a negative influence on knowledge-hiding behavior; (2) Caring ethical climate has a positive influence on psychological contract; (3) Psychological contract has a negative influence on knowledge-hiding behavior; (4) Psychological contract mediates the relationship between caring ethical climate and knowledge-hiding behavior; (5) Task interdependence positively moderates the relationship between psychological contract and knowledge-hiding behavior. Based on the social exchange theory, this study provides significant contributions to the theory and practice of knowledge management in large construction firms by highlighting the influence of a caring ethical climate on knowledge hiding among employees. This paper provides suggestions for reducing knowledge hiding and enhancing knowledge sharing among employees in large construction firms, so as to improve the knowledge management ability of large construction firms and enhance their competitive advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on innovation management and technology transfer in China is in its early stages and growing rapidly, as technology is transferred to Chinese organizations and the organizations themselves create innovations. The studies to date provide promising theoretical ideas, but specific findings should be regarded as tentative, due to the research designs and methods employed. As with early research on innovation in the West, it is likely that these early studies of innovation in China will have significant impact on innovation research and practice in the future, both in China and throughout the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current debates on organizational learning distinguish between two distinct and mutually exclusive learning modes: exploration and exploitation. This paper deals with the concept of ambidextrous routines in knowledge management (KM) initiatives. Specifically, drawing on a sample of 1468 MNEs from 24 regions in China, we find that a synergetic combination of explorative and exploitative virtual knowledge is positively associated with MNE performance. In contrast, an imbalance between explorative and exploitative virtual knowledge hurts MNE performance. Furthermore, the effect of imbalanced ambidexterity in virtual knowledge sharing is moderated by the cultural distance in the uncertainty avoidance between the R&D team and the region where the team operates. This paper elaborates on the characteristics of ambidextrous KM initiatives at the micro-level; firms use ambidextrous KM practices to create a learning context, defined by guidelines and methods rather than by a definite purpose. The clear separation of KM initiatives' purpose and their embedded learning routines and methods enables them to be used ambidextrously. Furthermore, this analysis indicates that ambidextrous KM initiatives follow a path characterized by an increasing variety of purposes but a decreasing variety of underlying structures. Consequently, firms create a learning context that can be activated when necessary in ways required in an exploratory and/or in an exploitative mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper Chinese foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) are employed as prototypes to generate a model of how transnationals can transfer both tacit and explicit knowledge between their units as well as between FIEs and the parent organization. We propose that successful intra-organization knowledge transfer depends upon: (1) collective creation of knowledge as intellectual and social capital available throughout the organization; (2) trust-based collaboration among geographically dispersed entities that form the transnational organization; and (3) the willingness and ability of organizational units to use that knowledge. The paper further proposes that organizational knowledge should ideally flow in multiple directions, providing learning opportunities for both investing and host organizations. Implications for transfer of best practices, a specific form of tacit knowledge, are also offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advent of the Internet, we have entered into the information age, which makes it possible and easier to obtain a large number of representatives data. On the other hand, with the rapid improvement of computer hardware, and software especially the computers speed, and the ability of the computer has been greatly improved. Data-driven and algorithm applications of modern artificial intelligence models have been widely used in various fields. Solving problems through machine learning has become a way of thinking that all industries are willing to study to reduce labor costs and improve processing efficiency. Beijing Formax Co., Ltd. takes advantage of its own data processing jobs to apply machine learning technology to some projects, and has achieved good results. This paper focuses on the application of artificial intelligence and Beijing Formax's knowledge service for the publishing industry in the era of big data including several typical cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the evaluation of knowledge management has become increasingly significant. Nevertheless, few relevant studies explicitly distinguished knowledge management performance from knowledge management effectiveness. This paper covers both sides and introduces a new knowledge management measurement index. It establishes a comprehensive evaluation model by measuring three stages of knowledge management behavior: environmental analysis, knowledge management activity planning, and knowledge management implementation decision making. Data were collected through questionnaires from 100 small and medium sized enterprises in China. The statistical results show that the three stages positively and significantly contribute to the index. The environmental analysis influences most, with the knowledge management activity planning less and the knowledge management implementation decision making least. Finally, it proposes some useful suggestions for enterprises to assess, to predict and to guide their knowledge management practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge sharing has been the focus of research for more than a decade and it is widely recognized that it can contribute to the success of an organisation. However, in comparison with other countries, relatively little work on this topic has been done in the Chinese context. Knowledge sharing is particularly interesting to study in the Chinese context at the individual level, given the unique social and cultural characteristics of this environment. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model to explain how personal factors would affect people’s intention to share their knowledge. The Theory of Reasoned Action and Social Exchange Theory are used in this paper, as are the time dimension of national culture, face, and guanxi. A survey methodology is used to test the model. Face and guanxi orientation both exert a significant effect on the intention to share knowledge. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as directions for future research, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study of bibliometric analysis aims to identify the role of psychological ownership (PO) in knowledge hiding behaviour (KHB) by reviewing 46 publications from Web of Science (Wos) and Scopus. In the initial stage we examined the existing literature on PO and KHB. In the second step, we utilize the PRISMA approach for systematic literature review including identification, screening, and eligibility of relevant literature. In the third step, we utilize the VOS viewer and ARCGIS for further bibliometric analysis. Results show that the most productive country is China, with 17 institutions, the top one of which is Renmin University. The journal with the most articles published is the Journal of Knowledge Management. Important study areas were discovered by a keyword analysis, including knowledge management, psychological ownership, organizational/knowledge-based PO, employee knowledge, and knowledge work. It is observed that organizations will improve more if the PO of the knowledge decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese management research aims to contribute to global management knowledge by offering rigorous and innovative theories and practical recommendations both for managing in China and outside. However, two seemingly opposite directions that researchers are taking could prove detrimental to the healthy development of Chinese management research. We argue that the two directions share a common ground that lies in the mindset regarding the confidence in the work on and from China. One direction of simply following the American mainstream on academic rigor demonstrates a lack of self-confidence, limiting theoretical innovation and practical relevance. Yet going in the other direction of overly indigenous research reflects over-confidence, often isolating the Chinese management research from the mainstream academia and at times, even becoming anti-science. A more integrated approach of conducting Chinese management research is recommended. Specifically, it is recommended that researchers can focus on phenomena salient in China and follow rigorous scientific methods, as illustrated by a few exemplary studies using the Chinese context. In this way, Chinese management research can advance if it becomes more self-confident in its study and application but not over-confident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how to build innovative organizations in China. Using grounded inductive theory building with ten case studies of commercial organizations in China’s information and communication technology (ICT) industries, we find that because China is entrenched in the paradigm of execution and its two-tier talent structure lacks a competent pool of middle-level talent, it calls for a new organizational form: “execution+.” The key to building “execution+” organization lies in building a competent middle tier by taking advantage of apprenticeship type of training. Our findings have implications for theories of organization design and organizational learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In mature economies, technology-focused industries and the management of knowledge are widely viewed as critical to success. Increasingly, in emerging economies technology-focused industries and the management of knowledge are also viewed as important. To date, however, little is known about such activities in emerging economies. Particularly, it is not understood how knowledge management can impact efforts for corporate renewal in such environments. The literatures of the resource-based view of the firm, social capital/network theory, and real options theory are vital to providing insights for technology-focused industries and the management of knowledge in mature economies. In this paper we focus on the caveats when applying such theoretical foundations to emerging economies. To illustrate these issues we will draw on the largest emergent economy in the world, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper employs multiple theoretical perspectives--resource- and knowledge-based views as well as social network theory--to explore the dynamics of guanxi in the context of Chinese entrepreneurial firms. We propose a dynamic model and offer multiple propositions for researchers to examine the role of guanxi for knowledge management and decision-making at various developmental stages of such firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intellectual property rights (IPRs) have become increasingly important for firms in today's knowledge-based economy, as evidenced by the strong growth in their use. The vital role of IPRs has motivated research into their association with firm performance. However, few firm-level studies have been conducted in developing countries. Moreover, empirical studies on the use of IPR bundles and their economic performance are scarce. To fill this gap, this study first illuminates how the joint use of different IPRs varies with firm characteristics, second, it analyses the association of such joint use with firm performance, based on a constructed large dataset that merges firm-level information from China's Annual Survey of Industrial Enterprises with data on IPR filings from the China National Intellectual Property Administration. Results indicate that the joint use of different IPRs is strongly correlated with the industrial sector and firm size. Firms that use IPR bundles also have much greater economic performance than those that rely only on single types, indicating the existing complementarity between these rights. This study advances the understanding of the relationship between IPRs and firm performance and emphasises the complementary effect between different types of IPRs, demonstrating the significance of utilising various intellectual property mechanisms fully to increase firms' competitive advantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite fruitful studies on knowledge flow and interdisciplinarity, there are fewinvestigations on knowledge flow in humanities and social sciences (HSS) and how knowledge from science and technology diffuses to HSS sub-disciplines. Based on Chinese and English articles in HSS, this study explored knowledge flow in China's HSS with an analysis of Chinese and English publications from 1998 to 2014. Findings include: (1) the interdisciplinarity degree of knowledge absorption in social sciences is higher than that of humanities in both Chinese and English articles, meanwhile the degree of interdisciplinarity in all HSS sub-disciplines increased constantly; (2) Chinese scholars in HSS increasingly tended to learn knowledge in hard sciences and applied it to their domains, especially in English articles; (3) in Chinese articles, Economics was the most crucial knowledge base, while Management, Education and Law were absorption-oriented subdisciplines; in English articles Management, Law, Literature and Philosophy were absorption-oriented sub-disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a set of panel data of 11,324 firms in China from 1996 to 1999, the paper finds that positive technology spillovers from FIEs to domestic firms occur through tangible assets rather than intangible assets, through domestically consumed products rather than exported products, through 'traditional' products rather than new products, and through FIEs employing unskilled workers rather than FIEs employing skilled workers. FIEs are found to generate negative spilIovers through exports and through employment of skilled workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we explore the impact of organisational mechanisms on inter-unit knowledge flows in multinational corporations (MNCs). A comprehensive model, based on agency theory and socialisation theory, is tested on a sample of 134 Finnish and Chinese MNC subsidiaries. Our findings indicate that MNCs can influence inter-unit knowledge transfer by specifying the objectives of the subsidiary and by utilising corporate socialisation mechanisms. However, we found no support for the hypothesised impact of management compensation systems and the use of expatriate managers on the extent of knowledge transfers from foreign subsidiaries to other parts of the MNC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the publishing industry in China has entered the stage of knowledge-based service in digital transformation. This article introduces the four stages of the digital transformation in the Chinese publishing industry with a focus on knowledge-centered service, including the origin and meaning of the concept, the service transformation of traditional Chinese publishing industry, and the knowledge management of Internet companies and new media companies. In China, knowledge-based service of the publishing industry usually refers to a brand-new service model that integrates content creation, production, dissemination, and even application. In response to the impact of the Internet and seize the development opportunities brought by big data and artificial intelligence, the Chinese publishing industry, from traditional publishing houses to Internet-based We-Media, is actively exploring various ways and models of knowledge-based service transformation. This article illustrates the current knowledge-based services of the publishing industry in China with the case study of some pilot projects and paying for knowledge online. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the micro-level operational difficulties for multinational corporations (MNCs) to generate value from its highly geographically dispersed cross-border knowledge and studies the strategies for overcoming them. Using China as the research context, we identify key geographical, institutional and cultural features of cross-border knowledge holders and examine the dimensions of distance that separates them. We then link these dimensions to the conditions that facilitate cross-border knowledge building processes. In doing so, we propose a conceptual model for overcoming these context-specific knowledge management barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]