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In this study, the utilization of exponentiation in finite fields is investigated for the purpose of generating pseudo-random sequences which have a crucial role in cryptographic applications. More precisely, a novel method for generating pseudo-random sequences is proposed to construct an initial S-Box which is a key component in various encryption schemes. In addition to that, a shuffling algorithm that leverages the pseudo-random sequences is developed to enhance the effectiveness of the initial S-Box. The utilization of the proposed S-Box is applied to the RGB color images to showcase its performance and robustness in an image encryption scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We define additive skew G-codes over finite fields and discuss several dualities attached to these codes. We examine the properties of self-dual skew G-codes and in particular we show that the dual, under any duality, of an additive skew G-code is also an additive skew G-code. Additionally, we propose a matrix construction for additive skew G-codes and use it to construct several examples of extremal self-dual additive skew G-codes over the finite field F 4 . Such codes have a strong connection to quantum error correcting codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we study codes generated by elements that come from group matrix rings. We present a matrix construction which we use to generate codes in two different ambient spaces: the matrix ring M k (R) and the ring R, where R is the commutative Frobenius ring. We show that codes over the ring M k (R) are one sided ideals in the group matrix ring M k (R) G and the corresponding codes over the ring R are G k -codes of length kn. Additionally, we give a generator matrix for self-dual codes, which consist of the mentioned above matrix construction. We employ this generator matrix to search for binary self-dual codes with parameters [72, 36, 12] and find new singly-even and doubly-even codes of this type. In particular, we construct 16 new Type I and 4 new Type II binary [72, 36, 12] self-dual codes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We define a self-dual code over a finite abelian group in terms of an arbitrary duality on the ambient space. We determine when additive self-dual codes exist over abelian groups for any duality and describe various constructions for these codes. We prove that there must exist self-dual codes under any duality for codes over a finite abelian group Z p e . They exist for all lengths when p is prime and e is even; all even lengths when p is an odd prime with p ≡ 1 (mod 4) and e is odd with e > 1 ; and all lengths that are 0 (mod 4) when p is an odd prime with p ≡ 3 (mod 4) and e is odd with e > 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study additive codes with 1-rank hulls and examine their properties for various dualities of the finite field of order 4. We give several constructions of additive and linear codes with 1-rank hulls. We also relate these codes to additive complementary dual codes (ACD). We give an interesting non-existence result for additive codes with a 1-rank hull for the duality M2\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$M_2$$\end{document} in terms of the parity of the number of generators. We conclude by giving substantive computations finding codes with one-rank hulls for small lengths using our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we give a matrix construction method for designing DNA codes that come from group matrix rings. We show that with our construction one can obtain reversible G k -codes of length kn, where k , n ∈ N , over the finite commutative Frobenius ring R. We employ our construction method to obtain many DNA codes over F 4 that satisfy the Hamming distance, the reverse, the reverse-complement and the fixed GC-content constraints. Moreover, we improve many lower bounds on the sizes of some known DNA codes and we also give new lower bounds on the sizes of DNA codes of lengths 48, 56, 60, 64 and 72 for some fixed values of the Hamming distance d. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Construction of maximal entanglement-assisted quantum error correction (EAQEC) codes is one of the fundamental problems of quantum computing and quantum information. The objective of this paper is twofold: firstly, to obtain all possible construction matrices of the linear codes over the skew group ring F 4 ⋊ φ G , where G is the cyclic and dihedral groups of finite orders; and secondly, to obtain some good maximal EAQEC codes over the finite field F 4 by using skew construction matrices. Additionally, to speed up the computational search time, we employ a nature inspired heuristic optimisation algorithm, the virus optimisation (VO) algorithm. With our method, we obtain a number of good maximal EAQEC codes over the finite field F 4 in a reasonably short time. In particular, we improve the lower bounds of 18 maximal EAQEC codes that exist in the literature. Moreover, some of our EAQEC codes turn out to be also maximum distance separable (MDS) codes. Also, by using our construction matrices, we provide counterexamples to Theorems 4 and 5 of Lai et al. (Quantum Inf Process 13(4):957–990, 2014), on the non-existence of maximal EAQEC codes with parameters [ [ n , 1 , n ; n - 1 ] ] and [ [ n , n - 1 , 2 ; 1 ] ] for an even length n. We also give a counterexample to another Theorem found in Lai and Ashikhmin (IEEE Trans Inf Theory 64:(1), 622–639, 2018), which states that there is no entanglement-assisted stabilizer code with parameters [ [ 4 , 2 , 3 ; 2 ] ] 4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we study a new family of rings, B j , k , whose base field is the finite field F p r . We study the structure of this family of rings and show that each member of the family is a commutative Frobenius ring. We define a Gray map for the new family of rings, study G-codes, self-dual G-codes, and reversible G-codes over this family. In particular, we show that the projection of a G-code over B j , k to a code over B l , m is also a G-code and the image under the Gray map of a self-dual G-code is also a self-dual G-code when the characteristic of the base field is 2. Moreover, we show that the image of a reversible G-code under the Gray map is also a reversible G 2 j + k -code. The Gray images of these codes are shown to have a rich automorphism group which arises from the algebraic structure of the rings and the groups. Finally, we show that quasi-G codes, which are the images of G-codes under the Gray map, are also Gs-codes for some s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study dihedral codes with 1-dimensional hulls and we determine precisely when dihedral codes over finite fields with 1-dimensional hulls exist. Moreover, we show that these codes come canonically in pairs. We also introduce 1-dimensional linear complementary pairs of dihedral codes and examine the properties of this class of codes. As an application, we obtain 1-dimensional linear complementary pair of dihedral codes, which are either optimal or near optimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]