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Copyright of American Journal of Potato Research is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the health sector, it is very important to have adequate control over the allocation of resources; this becomes much more relevant in the case of high-cost diseases, HIV is one example of this. The use of analytical intelligence allows the transformation of raw data into meaningful and useful information to make decisions. To support the management of resources in the health sector an analytical intelligence model based on survival analysis of patients under antiretroviral treatment in the Ministry of Health of Mexico is proposed. A survival model was carried out using a cohort of people with HIV under antiretroviral treatment attended by the Ministry of Health for the period 2007–2015. Sociodemographic variables, viral load, dates of treatment initiation and death were used. Kaplan–Meier method and the logarithmic rank test, as well as the Cox proportional-hazard model, were used. The proposed model can serve as a strategic information management tool for decision-making about the care and financing of high-cost diseases in the health sector. The results show that the probability of survival in people with HIV is higher for currently preferred treatments for treatment initiation and recently incorporated. Increasing the level of CD4 for the start of treatment generates greater probabilities of survival for patients. It is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the prescription and initiation of treatment policies according to CD4 levels to guarantee the financial sustainability of antiretroviral treatment in the Ministry of Health since these measures imply greater use of resources. It would be helpful to implement this type of analytical intelligence model for the monitoring and management of resources in the health sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to optimize the use of public resources, a model of ensemble learning was proposed to measure the perception of quality in the medical care granted to the people affiliated to the social protection in health system of Mexico. Which allows a more efficient allocation of resources based on the main areas of opportunity identified in the measurement of service quality. Identify the effect of the main factors that are directly related to the satisfaction level and perception of quality of health services. A satisfaction index was built using an ensemble model using principal component analysis, logistic model and bagging meta-estimator, to identify the effect of a group of factors in the perception of quality of health services and monitor the perceived quality of users in real time. The survey data collected for the "Social Protection System in Health-SPSS 2014" was used, considering a sample of 28,290 users. The proposed index shows, in general, the positive perception of quality of health services, the national average index was of 0.0756, 95% CI [− 9.714 to 2.027]. There are factors statistically significant (P < 0.05) that influence these results, among the most important that can be highlighted is the good perception of infrastructure OR 2.12; CI [95% 1.9–2.36]; the gratuity of the service provided OR 1.98; CI [95% 1.42–2.76]; and full medicines supply OR 1.81; CI [95% 1.91–2.36]. The key factors identified that determine the perception of quality allow to define focused strategies and lines of action to improve service quality as well as better allocation of resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The disease zebra chip (ZC) caused by the bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ causes important economic losses in potato in New Zealand, the United States, Mexico and Central America; in Mexico, haplotypes LsoA and LsoB of the bacterium have been found in chili and potato. The pathogen is transmitted by the psyllid Bactericera cockerelli, and the presence of internal marking in the form of necrotic striation in the medulla of the tubers is considered a typical diagnostic symptom. The potato cultivars currently grown in Mexico are susceptible to this bacterium. The present study evaluates the responses of potato cultivars Atlantic (highly susceptible control), Milagros, one new entry, Real 14, and the experimental clones Bajio 143 and T05-20-11 to inoculation with two haplotypes of the bacterium over two production cycles. The plants inoculated with the mixture of LsoA and LsoB haplotypes, compared with inoculation with only LsoB, showed greater severity of foliar damage and area below the curve of progress of the disease, but not of necrosis in tubers (with exception of cv. Milagros). The cv. Real 14 showed a lower percentage of tuber discolouration than three other tested cultivars after inoculation with the mixture of haplotypes, and less than cvs Atlantic and Bajio 143, after inoculation with LsoB. The same cultivar expressed significantly less severe plant symptoms than cv. Atlantic. The clone T05-20-11 showed significantly less severe tuber symptoms than cv. Atlantic, after inoculation with mixed haplotypes and less severe symptoms than cvs Atlantic and Bajio 143 after, inoculation with LsoB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wild potato ( Solanum sect. Petota) germplasm has been collected in Mexico on nine major expeditions, as determined by 20 collections or more from each expedition currently at the United States potato genebank, the National Research Support Program-6 (NRSP-6). These have resulted in 609 accessions with good collection data. In addition, NRSP-6 has germplasm of approximately 90 other Mexican collections that are unspecific regarding date or place of collection. This expedition was funded to collect those remaining collections with no or little germplasm: Solanum clarum, S. x edinense, S. hintonii, S. hjertingii var. physaloides, S. leptosepalum, S. lesteri, S. macropilosum, S. x michoacanum, S. x sambucinum, and S. stenophyllidium. In addition, some species and species groups (species groups indicated in parentheses) have unresolved taxonomic problems that needed clarification by additional field collections. These are ( S. agrimonifolium and S. oxycarpum), (S. brachycarpum, S. guerreroense, S. hougasii, and S. iopetalum - the S. brachycarpum complex), ( S. fendleri, S. papita, S. stoloniferum - the S. stoloniferum complex), S. leptosepalum, and S. macropilosum. We conducted a wild potato germplasm collecting expedition in Mexico from August 22 to October 31, 1997. Our 103 collections, 71 as germplasm collections, provide the first germplasm samples for S. hjertingii var. physaloides, S. leptosepalum, and S. macropilosum. They provide additional germplasm of the rare species S. clarum, S. x edinense, S. lesteri, S. x michoacanum, S. x sambucinum, and S. stenophyllidium. We additionally gathered germplasm and field data to help resolve taxonomic difficulties in S. agrimonifolium and S. oxycarpum, the S. brachycarpum complex, and the S. stoloniferum complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of American Potato Journal is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Plants of wild Solanum species ( S. demissum (dms), S. verrucosum (ver), S. iopetalum (iop), S. brachycarpum (bra), and an unidentified species ( unsp), from the natural habitat were inoculated in the laboratory with Phytophthora infestans race 0, to see if major genes for resistance were present, and with the most complex and aggressive race available in an attempt to reveal the level of general resistance. No plant with a susceptible reaction to race 0 was found in 120 plants of dms, and 34 plants of unsp. Plants with a hypersensitive reaction to race 0 and susceptible plants were found in ver. When infected with a complex aggressive isolate of the fungus 73.5% of the WSS plants were susceptible. It was concluded that WSS in the area possess both complex race specific resistance and a high level of general resistance, whose effects cannot yet be separated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of plants of Solanum demissum (dms) and Solanum verrucosum was followed in three sites at altitudes of 2950, 3250 and 3500 m, and the incidence of late blight and physiological races determined. No plants were found that had grown from true seed although berry formation was abundant in dms. Tubers sprouted during the dry period and most shoots emerged at the beginning of the rainy season in late April. Emergence continued for about two months in dms, and new plants were later formed from stolons, so that plants of different ages were present at the same time. Late blight was first found in cultivated fields adjacent to the site at 2950 m, and three weeks later lesions were found in wild Solanum species (WSS) simultaneously at all sites. Few plants per colony of WSS were infected and none was seriously damaged. Complex races (6-10 virulence genes) were found early in the season at one locality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A survey of races of Phytophthora infestans was made in 1985 and 1986 on the western slopes of the volcano Nevado de Toluca, Mexico. Isolates were collected from infected plants of wild Solanum species found in five long (7-10 km) and some short (300-500 m) transects. The study are of 15 000 ha was between 2900 and 3900 m altitude. Isolates were collected from Solanum demissum (35 isolates), verrucosum (11), iopetalum (2), brachycarpum (7), stoloniferum (2), r-genotype (9) and from differential hosts (11). No isolate was identified as race 0. Ten virulence genes were identified with a set of differential hosts and the most common were numbers 2 and 4. Isolates with eight virulence genes were the most common and those with ten were found on eight occasions in the natural habitat and on three in the experimental fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An area of 15 000 ha on the Western slopes of the volcano Nevado de Toluca was surveyed during 1982-1986. The occurrence of late blight ( Phytophthora infestans) was studied in 1986 along five long (7-10 km) transects from an altitude of 2900 m to 3900 m, the upper limit of Solanum demissum (dms) and in all years in some other sites. Late blight was confined to scattered pockets, 100-500 m in diameter, separated by several kilometers. In 789 colonies of wild Solanum spp., each consisting of 4 to >100 plants per colony of dms, verrucosum (ver), iopetalum, brachycarpum, × edinense, stoloniferum or one unidentified species, symptoms were found in 10% of the colonies or less than 1% of the plants in each colony. Plants had few (1-2) lesions which did not affect vigour. No infected tubers were found. Most (64%) of the infected colonies were of dms, the predominant species (69%). Colonies of ver were less frequent (11%) and 17% were infected. No infected plants were found in the unidentified species, thought to be dms×ver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the period 1982-87, wild Solanum species were surveyed in an area of 15000 ha by observations and collections along five long (10 km) transects covering altitudes from 2900 to 3900 m, and twelve short (300 m) transects. The seven Solanum species, demissum (dms), verrucosum (ver), iopetalum, brachycarpum, x edinense, stoloniferum and an unidentified species, possibly a sterile hybrid between dms and ver, grew patchily and their many small colonies formed part of a complex plant community that changed in composition with altitude and topography. The most frequent species was dms (80%), while other species often grew in mixed colonies with it. As the altitude increased, so did the distances between colonies, whereas species diversity decreased and above 3500 m only dms was found. Most species propagated both clonally, through tubers on long stolons, and sexually through botanical seed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]