1. Enhancing resin cement bonding to zirconia by tribochemical silica coating with SiO2-coated ZrO2 particles.
- Author
-
Amory, Zainab S., Hameed, Mohammed R., and Addie, Ali J.
- Abstract
Zirconia has become widely used in dentistry due to its mechanical strength, biocompatibility, and esthetics. However, durable resin bonding to zirconia remains a challenge due to its inert surface chemistry. This study demonstrates an approach for tribochemical silica coating of zirconia using a silica-coated zirconia powder synthesized via sol-gel chemistry from upcycled zirconia milling waste. Systematic variation of blasting pressures and durations revealed an optimized protocol of 0.28 MPa for 10 s, achieving an exceptional resin bond strength of 39.13 MPa. Extensive materials characterization, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) elucidated the interfacial mechanisms governing adhesive performance. These techniques confirmed the uniform deposition of a nano-silica layer through mechanical embedding and heating upon particle impact. This silicatization transformed the intrinsic hydrophobicity and created reactive hydroxyl groups for subsequent silanization. Precisely controlled roughening was evidenced by atomic force microscopy, with a root mean square roughness of 676 nm for optimal coatings. X-ray diffraction confirmed silica incorporation generated some transformation from the metastable tetragonal to the monoclinic phase, however less than for an analogous commercial alumina-based powder. Realization of stronger, imperceptible ceramic modification introduces possibilities for thinner, aesthetically superior restorations. This demonstration of upcycling zirconia waste into tunable surface coatings represents a paradigm shift in sustainable materials design and unprecedented value creation from disposal debris. Insights gained can inspire scalable, broadly applicable surface engineering solutions utilizing waste streams. Highlights: Developed SiO
2 -coated ZrO2 particles from recycled zirconia. Optimized blasting process to achieve high resin bond strength. Confirmed nano-silica layer deposition and surface chemistry transformation. Caused less damage to zirconia compared to commercial alumina powder. Demonstrated sustainable upcycling of waste into tunable coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF