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Natural working fluid mixtures, including combinations of CO $$_{2}$$ , hydrocarbons, water, and ammonia, are expected to have applications in energy conversion processes such as heat pumps and organic Rankine cycles. However, the available literature data, much of which were published between 1975 and 1992, do not incorporate the recommendations of the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. Therefore, new and more reliable thermodynamic property measurements obtained with state-of-the-art technology are required. The goal of the present study was to obtain accurate vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) properties for complex mixtures based on two different gases with significant variations in their boiling points. Precise VLE data were measured with a recirculation-type apparatus with a 380 cm $$^{3}$$ equilibration cell and two windows allowing observation of the phase behavior. This cell was equipped with recirculating and expansion loops that were immersed in temperature-controlled liquid and air baths, respectively. Following equilibration, the composition of the sample in each loop was ascertained by gas chromatography. VLE data were acquired for CO $$_{2}$$ /ethanol and CO $$_{2}$$ /isopentane binary mixtures within the temperature range from 300 K to 330 K and at pressures up to 7 MPa. These data were used to fit interaction parameters in a Helmholtz energy mixture model. Comparisons were made with the available literature data and values calculated by thermodynamic property models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

database for the thermophysical properties of hydrogen that supports a wide range of parameters including high pressures and high temperatures is being developed. The database performance requirements were studied and, in this paper, an application that combines a server-client database and a live CD is proposed. For this, an 'All in One Live CD' application has been developed. Web interfaces provide excellent user interfaces for databases. However, there are some disadvantages for web interfaces related to server maintenance and access restrictions. This new application, the 'All in One Live CD,' is free of these disadvantages, and provides a database with a property estimation service independent of the computer environment. From a single boot via the 'All in One Live CD,' the database becomes accessible on multiple computers so that this feature makes the new application a unique solution as a distribution media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of three Ca-ATPase inhibitors, thapsigargin (TG), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), and 2,5-di( tert-butyl)-1,4-hydroquinone (DTBHQ), on the Ca response, degranulation, and leukotriene C (LTC) release in RBL-2H3 cells were investigated. All three compounds elevated the intracellular free Ca concentration ([Ca]), and caused degranulation in the presence of 12- O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C activator. The dose-dependency of each compound in the Ca response was in good agreement with that in degranulation. TG and CPA also caused the release of LTC in a dose-dependent manner, and this effect was unaffected by TPA or calphostin C, a selective PKC inhibitor. DTBHQ, however, did not induce LTC release, and rather inhibited the antigen-induced release of LTC. These results suggest [1] that both degranulation and LTC release caused by these compounds are dependent on their [Ca] increasing effect, [2] that degranulation and LTC release are mediated via independent pathways following the Ca response, and [3] that DTBHQ additionally prevents the synthesis of LTC possibly by inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]