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The article is a comment on a previous study that aimed to determine the optimal pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) value for cefditoren, an antibiotic, against Streptococcus pneumoniae. The authors of the comment raise concerns about the study's approach, particularly the use of an immunocompromised mouse model and the reliance on a small amount of data. They also question the conclusions and applicability of the study's findings in clinical practice. The authors suggest that future studies should take these concerns into account and consider alternative approaches. [Extracted from the article]

This correction notice is from the journal Pharmaceutical Research and addresses an error in the article titled "In vivo Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Profiles for Appropriate Doses of Cefditoren pivoxil against S. pneumoniae in Murine Lung-Infection Model." The original article was mistakenly published as a "Letter to the Editor" but has now been corrected. The correction notice does not provide any additional information or opinions on the content of the article. [Extracted from the article]

This study explores the killing kinetics within 12 h of four oral third-generation cephalosporins against ten Streptococcus pneumoniae strains exhibiting cefotaxime minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) from 0.03 to 2 μg/ml. Killing curves were performed with concentrations achievable in serum after standard doses (0.015–4 μg/ml). Reductions of 90% were achieved with all compounds at serum-achievable concentrations for strains exhibiting cefotaxime MIC≤0.5 μg/ml. Against strains with cefotaxime MIC≥1 μg/ml, only cefditoren reached a 90% reduction with concentrations of 0.5–1 μg/ml doses. At 4 μg/ml, cefditoren and cefotaxime reached 99.9% reduction in seven of the ten strains studied. At serum-achievable concentrations, cefdinir and cefixime were not bactericidal against strains exhibiting cefotaxime MIC≥0.25 μg/ml and ≥0.5 μg/ml, respectively. Cefditoren showed the best killing kinetic profiles and this observation may be important when choosing an oral third-generation cephalosporin as initial or sequential therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the activity over 24 h of stimulated serum concentrations of daptomycin vs. vancomycin against two vancomycin-susceptible but tolerant and one resistant E. faecium in an in vitro pharmacodynamic device. Based on a study, vancomycin did not exert bactericidal activity over the experimental period simulating a bid regimen. In addition, researchers found that vancomycin has no antibacterial effect against the resistant strain. They concluded that vancomycin tolerance in susceptible strains lead to the absence of vancomycin bactericidal activity.

The in vitro susceptibility to trovafloxacin and gemifloxacin of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains exhibiting decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥2 μg/ml; 30 strains with intermediate resistance [MIC 2 μg/ml] and 43 strains with complete resistance [MIC ≥4 μg/ml]) was determined. Seventy-three strains collected in a surveillance study carried out from May 1996 to April 1997 in Spain (prior to commercialisation of trovafloxacin and gemifloxacin) from patients with respiratory tract infections were tested. The antibacterial activity of gemifloxacin was affected to a lesser extent than that of trovafloxacin by the increase in the MIC of ciprofloxacin, with gemifloxacin showing significantly (P≤0.001) better antibacterial activity than trovafloxacin in all ciprofloxacin MIC categories (MIC50/MIC90 values of 0.015/0.03, 0.015/0.06, 0.03/0.06 and 0.12/0.25 μg/ml for gemifloxacin vs 0.12/0.12, 0.12/1, 0.25/0.5 and 2/4 μg/ml for trovafloxacin in the 2, 4, 8 and ≥16 μg/ml ciprofloxacin MIC categories, respectively). Nine (12.3%) of these 73 strains exhibited decreased susceptibility to trovafloxacin (≥2 μg/ml), whereas all strains were inhibited by 0.25 μg/ml of gemifloxacin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]