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Recently, serum miRNAs have been evolved as possible biomarkers for different diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma and other types of cancers. Investigating certain serum miRNAs as novel non-invasive markers for early detection of HCV-positive cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression profiles of 58 miRNA were analyzed in patient's plasma of chronic hepatitis C (CHC), HCV-positive cirrhosis and HCV-positive HCC and compared with control group samples. Totally 94 plasma samples; 64 patient plasma (26 CHC, 30 HCV-positive cirrhosis, 8 HCV-positive HCC) and 28 control group plasma, were included. The expression profiles of 58 miRNAs were detected for all patient and control group plasma samples by qRT-PCR using BioMarkTM 96.96 Dynamic Array (Fluidigm Corporation) system. In CHC group, expression profiles of miR-30a-5p, miR-30c-5p, miR-206 and miR-302c-3p were found significantly deregulated (p < 0.05) when compared versus control group. In HCV-positive cirrhosis group, expression profiles of miR-30c-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-302c-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-130a-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-302c-5p and miR-223-3p were found significantly deregulated (p < 0.05). In HCV-positive HCC group, expression profiles of miR-17-5p, miR-223-3p and miR-24-3p were found significant (p < 0.05). When all groups were compared versus control, miR-30c-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-302c-3p and miR-17-5p were found significantly deregulated for cirrhosis and HCC. These results imply that miR-30c-5p, miR-223-3p, miR-302c-3p and miR-17-5p could be used as novel non-invasive biomarkers of HCV-positive HCC in very early, even at cirrhosis stage of liver disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, circulating miRNAs have been reported as promising biomarkers for various pathologic conditions including cancer. Certain microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown early diagnostic potential for many types of cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of certain serum/plasma miRNAs as novel non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). For this reason, the expression levels of 24 miRNA (let-7c, miR-92a-3p, 423-5p, 150-5p, 223-3p, 125b-5p, 342-3p, miR-206, 122-5p, 375, 223-5p, 10a-5p, 23b-5p, 99a-5p, 23a-5p, 10a-3p, 122-3p, 125b-1-3p, 23b-3p, 125b-2-3p, 23a-3p, 92a-1-5p, 92a-2-5p, 99a-3p) were analyzed in plasma of patients with chronic hepatitis B, HBV-positive cirrhosis and HBV-positive HCC and compared with control group samples. Totally 94 plasma samples; 28 control and 66 patient plasma (24 CHB, 22 HBV-positive cirrhosis, 20 HBV-positive HCC) and were included in this study. The expression levels of 24 miRNAs were detected for all control and patient group plasma samples by qRT-PCR using BioMark™ 96.96 Dynamic Array (Fluidigm Corporation) system. The expression levels of miR-125b-5p were detected 2.85 fold, 2.46 fold and 1.89 fold ( p = 0.01513, p = 0.0009440, p = 0.0001446) up regulated in CHB, HBV-positive cirrhosis and HBV-positive HCC, respectively when compared versus control group individually by Mann-Whitney U test. The expression levels of miR-223-3p were detected 5.55 fold, 13.88 fold and 12.65 fold ( p = 0.01513, p = 0.0009440, p = 0.0001446) down regulated in same comparisons. When all groups were compared versus control group by one-way ANOVA test, the expression levels of miR-223-3p were also found statistically significant ( p < 0.05). Although not statistically significant, miR-125b-5p tended to be upregulated. ( p = 0.07192). These results significantly imply that miR-125b-5p and miR223-3p could be used as novel non-invasive biomarkers of HBV-positive HCC in very early, even at CHB stage of liver disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem with more than 2 billion infected individuals. HBV infection leads to diverse outcomes ranging from acute to chronic hepatitis, which may result in severe complications as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV is one of the most important human DNA viruses having strong oncogenic potential. Recently, many studies have reported on HBV X gene and PreC promoter mutations associated with HCC. In order to detect the prevalence of HBx gene and PreC promoter mutations possibly related to HCC, we have analyzed sera samples collected from 61 patients with chronic hepatitis B. We have detected T1653 mutation in 1 of 61 (1.63%), A1896 mutation in 10 of 61 (16.39%), and T1762-A1764 dual mutation in 4 of 61 (6.55%). T1653 and T1762-A1764 dual mutations were suggested significantly related to HCC in earlier reported studies. Our findings demonstrate that HBx gene and PreC promoter mutations related to HCC are present in our region and prospective clinical chord studies would be useful for better patient management and of early diagnosis of possible HCC cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to detect the mutation patterns related to Lamivudine (LAM), Adefovir (ADV) and Entecavir (ETV) resistance, we examined totally 230 stored HBsAg (+) and HBV DNA (+) sera samples of patients suffering chronic hepatitis B and treated with LAM, ADV and ETV in the south of Turkey. 100, 110 and 20 sera were obtained from patients treated with LAM (for at least 2 years), ADV (for at least 2 years) and ETV (for at least 1 year), respectively. A 422 bp segment of HBV polymerase gene which included B, C and D domains of viral polymerase gene was amplified by a nested PCR protocol and sequenced by a silver staining based cycle-sequencing reaction. Mutation patterns related to LAM, ADV and ETV resistance were detected in 23 of 100 (23.00%), 3 of 110 (2.75 %) and 0 of 20 (0.00%) sera in 3 groups, respectively. rtM204I and rtM204V-rtL180M dual mutations were detected in 13 of 100 (13.00%) and 10 of 100 (10.00%) sera, respectively in LAM treated group. rtN236T mutation was detected in 3 of 110 (2.75%) sera in ADV treated group. rtM204I and rtM204V-rtL180M mutations were also detected in 8 of 110 (7.27%) and 5 of 110 (4.54%) sera in ADV treated group. No mutation pattern was detected related to ETV resistance. However, rtM204I mutation was also detected in 3 of 20 (15.00%) in ETV treated group. Additionally, some undefined mutations such as rtI233V, rtN238R, P237H and rtK241E were detected in 3 of 110 (2.75%), 2 of 110 (1.80%), 1 of 110 (0.90%) and 1 of 110 (0.90%) sera, respectively in ADV treated group. The study reveals that detection of mutations associated with viral polymerase inhibitors is important for better patient treatment. Antiviral therapy of hepatitis with viral polymerase inhibitors is still controversial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]