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Abstract The Structure Building Framework has suggested that inhibitory control plays an important role in metaphor comprehension, yet it remains less clear how the role varies with different types of L2 metaphors in the absence or presence of context. We used a modified flanker task to measure the inhibitory control ability of Chinese-English bilinguals who were divided into two groups: high inhibitory control (HIC) and low inhibitory control (LIC). They performed semantic judgment tasks in which L2 conventional and novel metaphors were presented in isolated sentences (Experiment 1), and the same metaphors were preceded by supportive or literal contexts (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, the HIC group responded significantly slower than the LIC group to novel metaphors, with no obvious distinction between the groups for conventional metaphors. In Experiment 2, the HIC group performed significantly faster on novel metaphors in supportive contexts than in literal contexts, while the LIC group had no such facilitative effect. However, the LIC group’s response to conventional metaphors was greatly facilitated by supportive contexts, whereas the HIC group showed no significant difference in two context conditions. These results suggest that inhibitory control is selectively recruited in the comprehension of L2 conventional and novel metaphors under different contextual demands. This finding provides a comprehensive account of the flexible role of inhibitory control in L2 metaphor comprehension.

Abstract Chronic infections, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-caused tuberculosis (TB), can induce host immune exhaustion. However, the key checkpoint molecules involved in this process and the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely undefined, which impede the application of checkpoint-based immunotherapy in infectious diseases. Here, through adopting time-of-flight mass cytometry and transcriptional profiling to systematically analyze natural killer (NK) cell surface receptors, we identify leukocyte immunoglobulin like receptor B1 (LILRB1) as a critical checkpoint receptor that defines a TB-associated cell subset (LILRB1+ NK cells) and drives NK cell exhaustion in TB. Mechanistically, Mtb-infected macrophages display high expression of human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G), which upregulates and activates LILRB1 on NK cells to impair their functions by inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling via tyrosine phosphatases SHP1/2. Furthermore, LILRB1 blockade restores NK cell-dependent anti-Mtb immunity in immuno-humanized mice. Thus, LILRB1-HLA-G axis constitutes a NK cell immune checkpoint in TB and serves as a promising immunotherapy target.

Abstract The study aims to explore the protection effect of grit as a personal quality and social support as an environmental factor in the association between left-behind children’s discrimination perception and problem behavior. A total of 457 left-behind children in China were recruited to complete the Discrimination Perception questionnaire, Social Support Scale, Short Grit Scale, and Problem Behavior Questionnaire. It found discrimination perception could positively associate with the problem behaviors of left-behind children. Grit played a mediating role in the relationship of left-behind children’s discrimination perception on problem behaviors. Social support played a mediating role in the association of left-behind children’s discrimination perception on problem behaviors. The higher the left-behind children’s discrimination perception, the lower their grit level, and the less social support led to the more prone to problem behaviors.

Abstract Quantifying the spatiotemporal characteristics of government support for rural development is crucial for accurately optimizing or formulating policies for rural development, but research identifying government support for rural development at the geospatial scale has not yet emerged. This paper used Hubei Province, China, as the study area and constructed indicators of government support for rural development based on the intensity of support, the spatial direction of support, and the spatial agglomeration of support based on the characteristics of legal rural construction land allocation. Panel data regression was used to quantify the direction of rural development that requires the allocation of rural construction land based on government support. The results showed that government support for rural development through legal rural construction land allocation has strong spatiotemporal characteristics: From 2009 to 2018, the intensity of support grew, the spatial direction of support was regular, and government support was increasingly manifested as local agglomeration. The orientations of government support through legal rural construction land allocation for rural development include farmers’ production, farmers’ livelihoods and social security. This research provides a reference for quantifying government support through legal rural construction land allocation for rural development and the direction of government support.

Abstract During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, both high levels of post-traumatic stress and positive personal changes, a phenomenon known as post-traumatic growth (PTG), were experienced by some people. What remains unknown are the constructs and facilitators of PTG during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study uses a grounded theory methodology to elucidate the behavioral and cognitional dimensions of PTG in Chinese college students. Twenty-four individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with Chinese college students who had positive experiences during the epidemic. Transcripts were analyzed using initial and focused coding to identify themes that explained the PTG model. The coding results revealed that the Chinese college students’ PTG consisted of four core themes: reflections on the country and society, self-awareness changes, increased social behavior, and lifestyle modifications. Additionally, participants described external factors such as information input and patriotism, which were identified as influencing their PTG during the pandemic. Findings from this study extend prior theory and research by conceptualizing a novel theoretical model for PTG among college students during the pandemic and provide important implications for research and practice.

Abstract This study delves into the potential of philosophical practice to enhance individual well-being within the Chinese cultural context. It begins with an exploration of the foundational components and methodologies of philosophical practice, illuminating its dialogic nature, problem-solving orientation, and focus on self-development. A comparative analysis between philosophical practice and psychological counseling is offered, indicating the former’s uniqueness in fostering equal-footing client-practitioner relationships and empowering individuals through questioning. Emphasizing the significance of these practices’ contextual applications, the study elaborates on how philosophical practice aligns with traditional Chinese dialectic principles like holism, change, and conflict acceptance. Opportunities and challenges for expanding philosophical practice within China are presented, discussing cultural nuances like introversion and stigma around mental health services. The study concludes by highlighting the limitations and suggesting directions for future investigations, underscoring the importance of cultural responsiveness and termination protocol development. Ultimately, this examination concentrates on the promising prospect of philosophical practice serving as a practical guide towards enriched existential comprehension and adaptive coping strategies that promote overall well-being in China.

Abstract The enhancement of weather forecasting capabilities plays a pivotal role in agricultural production, storage, and transportation. This paper conducts a comprehensive survey among agricultural producers across 31 provinces and over 1000 counties in China using household questionnaires. The collected data is analyzed utilizing a multiple linear regression model that incorporates clustering and robust standard errors to ensure accurate results. The findings reveal a positive correlation between the frequency at which agricultural production entities pay attention to meteorological forecast information and the subsequent incremental increase in their income. Moreover, it is observed that both the number of access channels to meteorological information and their frequency significantly impact the rise in agricultural income attributed to such forecasts. Specifically, each additional type of access channel leads to an average income increase of 11.11 yuan. Furthermore, through regression analysis, this study demonstrates statistically significant effects of meteorological forecasts on cost savings as well as income growth within the realm of agricultural production.

Abstract Efficient clearance of dying cells (efferocytosis) is an evolutionarily conserved process for tissue homeostasis. Genetic enhancement of efferocytosis exhibits therapeutic potential for inflammation resolution and tissue repair. However, pharmacological approaches to enhance efferocytosis remain sparse due to a lack of targets for modulation. Here, we report the identification of columbamine (COL) which enhances macrophage‐mediated efferocytosis and attenuates intestinal inflammation in a murine colitis model. COL enhances efferocytosis by promoting LC3‐associated phagocytosis (LAP), a non‐canonical form of autophagy. Transcriptome analysis and pharmacological characterization revealed that COL is a biased agonist that occupies a part of the ligand binding pocket of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), a G‐protein coupled receptor involved in inflammation regulation. Genetic ablation of the Fpr2 gene or treatment with an FPR2 antagonist abolishes COL‐induced efferocytosis, anti‐colitis activity and LAP. Taken together, our study identifies FPR2 as a potential target for modulating LC3‐associated efferocytosis to alleviate intestinal inflammation and highlights the therapeutic value of COL, a natural and biased agonist of FPR2, in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract Due to the rise of e-commerce live streaming, more and more Chinese people liked live streaming shopping in recent years. In the era of digital economy, e-commerce platform has developed into a data platform ecosystem built around data resources and data mining technology system. The most typical application of big data is also concentrated in the field of e-commerce livestreaming. E-commerce live streaming platform is a multidisciplinary research field. It is not easy to have a comprehensive understanding of the knowledge structure in this field. In this study, the purpose of this study is to derive and empirically validate a stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model that explains the factors influencing the compulsive buying behavior of customers in livestreaming service platforms offered by well-established e-commerce leaders in China, such as Alibaba Taobao Live. Based on the analysis of the research conclusion, this study proposes that the operators of store livestreaming should improve customers' trust and purchase intention from the aspects of utilitarian value, hedonic value, social value, and perceived value, as well as the use of edge information advantages. Therefore, from the perspective of customer psychology and based on the stimulus–organic–response (S–O–R) theory, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of livestreaming marketing mode on customers' compulsive buying decisions by using structural equation modeling.

Copyright of Rare Metals is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The lubrication system supplies lubrication and cleans the rotating parts and contacting machinery during the operation of an aero-engine. It is crucial to maintain an adequate amount of lubricant by predicting and analyzing the consumption rate to ensure endurance and maintenance programs are effective. This paper examines the combination of temporal and non-temporal data that impact the characteristic parameters of lubricant consumption rate in aero-engines. Our study focuses on the merging of LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) + LightGBM (Light Gradient Boosting Machine) + CatBoost, and uses KPCA dimensionality reduction optimization, along with Stacking for the fusion of a multi-feature regression prediction algorithm. On the one hand, this study utilizes integrated learning to fuse feature extractions from LSTM for temporal information and non-temporal information by GDBT (Gradient Boosting Decision Tree). This approach considers the trend and distribution of feature samples to develop a more robust feature extraction method. On the other hand, the integrated learning framework incorporates multi-decision making and feature importance extraction to strengthen the mapping relationship with the predicted output of lubrication oil consumption rate, enabling regression prediction. The algorithm for regression prediction has been executed and the results indicate a final regression prediction MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) of less than 3%. MSE and RMSE reached 1.28% and 1.33%, the results are in an ideal state. The algorithms used in this paper will be applied in the future to aero-engine lubricant systems and eventually to engines in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impacts of La additions on the microstructures, corrosion resistance and discharge performance of the as-cast Mg–6Al–3Pb (wt. %) anodes for Mg–air batteries were systematically investigated. The Mg–6Al–3Pb–xLa (x = 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt. %) alloys primarily consisted of α-Mg, β-Mg17Al12, Al11La3 and LaAl3 phases. The results indicated that the addition of La could not only increase the volume fraction of the second phase, leading to the formation of Al11La3 and LaAl3 phases, but also effectively promote grain refinement. In terms of discharge performance, the AP63–1La alloy exhibited a high steady discharge voltage of −1.71 V (vs. SCE) at 10 mA·cm−2. Regarding corrosion behaviors, the corrosion resistance of the alloys initially decreased and then increased with increasing La content. Notably, the AP63–2La alloy demonstrated the best corrosion resistance, due to the high proportion of acicular second phase inhibiting the corrosion process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of China's evolving rural tourism policies on the advancement of rural tourism within the nation. The analysis spans the period from 2006 to 2022 and encompasses several crucial aspects: The entities accountable for policy formulation, frequently utilized keywords, and the establishment of an analytical framework termed "policy instrument-policy target". The findings revealed that China's rural tourism policies derive influence from a multitude of departments, highlighting a polycentric approach. Leading contributors include the State Council, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, as well as other policy-formulating bodies, which have gradually attained heightened levels of coordination. Furthermore, the prevalent keywords prevalent in China's rural tourism policies have undergone evolution, initially focusing on rural infrastructure development, rural services, leisure, and rural culture. Notably, incentive-based strategies and capacity-building tools hold significant importance among the frequently employed approaches. The deployed policy instruments have highlighted adaptability, effectively catering to the diverse stages of rural tourism development. Aligned with China's quintet of targets for rural revitalization, the primary objective in advancing rural tourism remains the cultivation of thriving businesses and overall prosperity. It is found that aspects such as social etiquette, effective governance, and civility have progressively gained prominence in the evolutionary trajectory of rural tourism offering valuable insights into the development of rural tourism in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the integration point of green development and innovation-driven, green innovation has become the key to promote high-quality and sustainable development in the Bohai Rim region. This study calculates the green innovation efficiency (GIE) of 43 cities in the Bohai Rim region based on the super slacks-based measure (super-SBM) model, further using the social network analysis and quadratic assignment procedure analysis methods to explore the GIE spatial correlation network structure and its driving factors. The findings show that (1) the GIE between cities in the Bohai Rim region exhibits complex and stable network characteristics; (2) Beijing and Tianjin exert an important influence on the green innovation development of other cities; (3) each city is divided into four functional blocks, with strong spatial spillover effects between the blocks; and (4) the closer the geographical distance is, the more similar the environmental regulations are, and the easier it is for spatial associations to occur. The differences in the level of urban economic development, openness, human capital, and infrastructure are conducive to promoting the establishment of spatial associations. Finally, based on the conclusions, the study provides a theoretical basis and policy recommendations for improving the quality and efficiency of green innovation and collaborative development in the Bohai Rim region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to explore the function of USP14 on the sensitivity of retinoblastoma (RB) to cisplatin (DDP) and the underlying mechanism. USP14 was knockdown in Y79 cells by transfecting three siRNAs (si-USP14-1, si-USP14-2, and si-USP14-3), with si-USP14 NC as the negative control. si-USP14-3 was selected by results of Western blotting. The CCK-8 assay was used to detect the IC50 of Y79 cells and the growth curve. The cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and ROS level were measured by flow cytometry. The expression level of P-GP, ERCC1, survivin, GPX4, FTH1, ACSL4, NOX1, COX2, and FASN was determined by the Western blotting assay. CO-IP assay was utilized to evaluate the interaction between USP14 and FASN. The IC50 of DDP in Y79 cells and Y79/DDP cells was 7.83 µM and 24.67 µM, respectively. Compared to control and si-USP14 NC groups, increased apoptotic rate and ROS level, and arrested cell cycle in S phase were observed in USP14-knockdown Y79 cells. Compared to control and si-USP14 NC groups, increased apoptotic rate and arrested cell cycle in G0/G1 phase were observed in USP14-knockdown Y79/DDP cells. Compared to control, increased ROS level was observed in USP14-knockdown Y79/DDP cells. Compared to the si-USP14 NC groups, extremely downregulated P-GP, ERCC1, survivin, GPX4, FTH1, NOX1, COX2, and FASN were observed in USP14-knockdown Y79 cells or Y79/DDP cells, accompanied by the elevated expression of ACSL4. The interaction between USP14 and FASN was identified according to the result of CO-IP assay. By silencing USP14 in Y79 and Y79/DDP cells, levels of resistance-related proteins (P-GP, ERCC1, and survivin), ferroptosis-related proteins (FTH1 and GPX4), and lipid metabolism-related proteins (NOX1, COX2, and FASN) were dramatically reduced, accompanied by enhanced ROS level, increased apoptosis, and restrained DNA content, indicating that USP14 might suppress the DDP resistance in RB by mediating ferroptosis, which is an important target for treating RB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unidirectional spin Hall magnetoresistance (USMR) has emerged as a promising candidate for magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) technology. However, the realization of high signal-to-noise output signal in USMR devices has remained a challenge, primarily due to the limited USMR effect at room temperature. In this study, we report a large USMR effect in FeNi/Pt/Bi₂Se₃ trilayers through interfacial engineering with Pt to optimize the spin current transmission efficiency and electron-magnon scattering. Our devices exhibit a USMR value that is an order of magnitude higher than previously reported systems, reaching 30.6 ppm/MA/cm² at room temperature. First-principles calculations and experimental observations suggest that the Pt layer not only preserves the spin-momentum locked topological surface states in Bi₂Se₃ at the Fermi-level but also generates additional Rashba surface states within the Pt itself to enhance the effective SOT efficiency. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the two-terminal USMR-MRAM devices show robust output performance with 2nd harmonic resistance variation around 0.11 Ω/mA. Remarkably, the performance of these devices further improves at elevated temperatures, highlighting their potential for reliable operation in a wide range of environmental conditions. Our findings pave the way for future advancements in high-performance, energy-efficient spintronic memory devices. Unidirectional spin Hall magnetoresistance refers to an asymmetric resistance response, which allows for the readout of the magnetic state from two terminal devices. Here, Zhang et al demonstrate a large unidirectional spin hall magnetoresistance FeNi/Pt/Bi₂Se₃ trilayers and present a robust random-access magnetoresistance device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Landfill is the main method for disposing of municipal solid waste (MSW). However, landfill instability destruction accidents occur frequently, and the instability is influenced by multiple factors. Due to the complex composition of MSW and its obvious heterogeneous properties, landfill stability is the most significant engineering challenge in landfill operations. This paper has provided a review about status quo of MSW disposal and researched the impact factors of MSW landfill stability through extensive literature research. In view of the landfill process and specific heterogeneity of MSW, a finite element model about spatial changes in engineering properties on MSW body has been proposed. Then the sensibility analysis of the engineering properties on heterogeneity municipal solid waste body stability has been conducted, and the influence curves for the safety factors of the MSW body have been proposed. Finally, suggestions have been proposed that can provide technical support and can serve as a reference for the design, operation, and maintenance of MSW landfills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) on vocal cord palsy (VCP) rates and assess the temporal trends in VCP rates. Methods: The subjects of this retrospective study were patients who underwent thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer between March, 2014 and June, 2022, at a university hospital in Korea. We compared VCP rates between the non-IONM and IONM groups and analyzed the risk factors for VCP and VCP rates over time. Results: A total of 712 patients were included in the analysis. The rates of transient and permanent VCP did not differ significantly between the non-IONM and IONM groups. Transient VCP occurred in 4.6% and 4.3% patients (p = 0.878) and VCP was permanent in 0.7% and 0.4% patients (p = 0.607) in the non-IONM and IONM groups, respectively. Among the nerves at risk, transient damage occurred in 2.8% and 3.0% patients (p = 0.901), and permanent damage occurred in 0.4% and 0.3% (p = 0.688), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed no significant risk factors for VCP. There was a significant decreasing trend in VCP rates over time as the cumulative number of cases increased (p = 0.017). Conclusions: IONM did not reduce the risk of VCP significantly. However, the declining trend of VCP rates suggests that the surgeon's experience may mitigate VCP risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drought is an environmental stress factor restricting the growth and productivity of plants. Sugar beet can acclimate to diverse types of abiotic stress, such as drought. Although many studies on response of sugar beet to drought stress have been conducted, the expressions of drought-responsive genes in sugar beet have rarely been comprehensively investigated. In this study, we performed a transcriptome analysis of leaf samples from water-controlled sugar beet seedlings. The clean reads were obtained and assembled into 21,749 unique genes. Among them, we identified 1,675 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). According to the findings of the Gene ontology (GO) analysis, "biological process", "metabolic process", "oxidation–reduction process" and "catalytic activity" were the most highly enriched GO terms. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that "biosynthesis of secondary metabolites", "metabolic pathways", "plant hormone signal transduction", and "protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum" were the four most highly enriched pathways. Drought stress significantly restrained dry mass and net photosynthetic rate of sugar beet. The expression levels of genes encoding homeobox-leucine zipper protein ATHB-12, berberine bridge enzyme-like 13, auxin response factor 5, and photosystem I subunit O were significantly altered under drought stress. In addition, 36 DEGs occurred with differential alternative splicing. Our findings provided new insights into the regulatory functions of genes related to drought resistance in sugar beet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mammalian hair cells (HCs) are arranged spirally along the cochlear axis and correspond to different frequency ranges. Serving as primary sound detectors, HCs spatially segregate component frequencies into a topographical map. HCs display significant diversity in anatomical and physiological characteristics, yet little is known about the organization of the cochleotopic map of HCs or the molecules involved in this process. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we determined the distinct molecular profiles of inner hair cells and outer hair cells, and we identified numerous position-dependent genes that were expressed as gradients. Newly identified genes such as Ptn, Rxra, and Nfe2l2 were found to be associated with tonotopy. We employed the SCENIC algorithm to predict the transcription factors that potentially shape these tonotopic gradients. Furthermore, we confirmed that Nfe2l2, a tonotopy-related transcription factor, is critical in mice for sensing low-to-medium sound frequencies in vivo. the analysis of cell-cell communication revealed potential receptor-ligand networks linking inner hair cells to spiral ganglion neurons, including pathways such as BDNF-Ntrk and PTN-Scd4, which likely play essential roles in tonotopic maintenance. Overall, these findings suggest that molecular gradients serve as the organizing principle for maintaining the selection of sound frequencies by HCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rare Metals is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The mechanic-electro coupling overlapping finite element method (OFEM) is proposed to improve the accuracy in solving the mechanical characteristics of piezoelectric structures. Based on the basic equations and boundary conditions of piezoelectric materials, overlapping triangle elements are used to discretize the solution domain of piezoelectric structures, and the displacement function and potential function of the mechanic-electro coupling OFEM are constructed through local interpolation. The control equation of the mechanic-electro coupling OFEM is derived using the variation principle. The accuracy and validity of this method are verified by comparing with the reference solution and analytical solution in patch test and piezoelectric patch bending test. The static characteristics of the cantilever-typed piezoelectric sensor model, the rectangular plate with one-sided piezoelectric patch configuration, and the hole-containing piezoelectric energy harvester model are analyzed. The mechanic-electro coupling OFEM has high engineering value and broad application prospects in analyzing the structural mechanical properties of intelligent piezoelectric components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is devoted to investigating the optimal convergence order of a weak Galerkin finite element approximation to a second-order parabolic equation whose solution has lower regularity. In many applications, the solution of a second-order parabolic equation has only H 1 + s smoothness with 0 < s < 1 , and the numerical experiments show that the weak Galerkin approximate solution exhibits an optimal convergence order of 1 + s . However, the standard numerical analysis for weak Galerkin finite element method always requires that the exact solution should have at least H 2 smoothness. Our work fills the gap in the error analysis of weak Galerkin finite element method under lower regularity condition, where we prove the convergence order is of 1 + s . The main strategy of analysis is to introduce an H 2 -regular finite element approximation to discretize the spatial variables in variational equation, and then we analyze the error between this semi-discretized solution and the full discretized weak Galerkin solution. Finally, we present some numerical experiments to validate the theoretical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorosis decreases the learning and memory ability in humans and animals, while exercise can reduce the risk of cognitive decline. However, the effect of exercise on learning and memory in fluoride-exposed mice is unclear. For this purpose, in this study, mice were randomly allotted into four groups (16 mice per group, half male and half female): control group (group C), fluoride group (group F, 100 mg/L sodium fluoride (NaF)), exercise group (group E, treadmill exercise), and E plus F group (group EF, treadmill exercise, and 100 mg/L NaF). During 6 months of exposure, exercise alleviated the NaF-induced decline in memory and learning. In addition, NaF induced injuries in mitochondria and myelin sheath ultrastructure and reduced the neurons number, while exercise restored them. Metabolomics results showed that phosphatidylethanolamine, pregnenolone (PREG), and lysophosphatidic acid (LysoPA) were altered among groups C, F, and EF. Combined with previous studies, it can be suggested that PREG might be a biomarker in response to exercise-relieving fluorine neurotoxicity. The miRNA sequencing results indicated that in the differently expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), miR-206-3p, miR-96-5p, and miR-144-3p were shared in groups C, F, and EF. After the QRT-PCR validation and in vitro experiments, it was proved that miR-206-3p could reduce cell death and regulate AP-1 transcription factor subunit (JunD) and histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) to alleviate fluoride neurotoxicity. To sum up, the current study reveals that exercise could alleviate NaF-induced neurotoxicity by targeting miR-206-3p or PREG, which will contribute to revealing the pathogenesis and therapeutic method of fluoride neurotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The mismatch of medical resources is a significant issue in global healthcare, undermining both service accessibility and system efficiency. In China, despite the implementation of the "Healthy China" strategy, persistent mismatches remain due to factors such as industrialization, urbanization, and population aging. This study empirically evaluates the impact of Public Hospital Reform (PHR) on mitigating these mismatches. Methods: A Difference-in-Differences (DD) approach is applied to panel data from 300 cities spanning 2010 to 2021, using the phased implementation of PHR as a quasi-natural experiment. This allows for a comparative analysis of changes in resource allocation between cities that adopted the reform and those that did not. Quantile regression assesses the effects of PHR across varying levels of resource mismatch, while mechanism tests investigate how PHR influences mismatches through cost reduction and supply expansion. Results: PHR is found to reduce medical resource mismatches by 13.9%, primarily driven by cost reductions and increased resource supply. The effects are more pronounced at both lower and higher levels of mismatch, with a limited impact at mid-levels. Furthermore, the reform's effectiveness diminishes as it is extended to more cities, suggesting a potential saturation effect. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that PHR significantly alleviates medical resource mismatches in China. The findings underscore the need to focus on cost control and resource supply in future healthcare reforms, providing key insights for policymakers in developing countries facing similar healthcare resource challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many tomb murals have punctate losses, cracks, and craquelure due to underground subsidence and changes in their physical support. Visual non-destructive detection techniques enable rapid assessment of how much tomb murals are affected by cracking, providing suggestions for their conservation. However, tomb murals are typically created by sketching outlines and then colored. Detailed sketches can easily interfere with crack detection work, requiring the use of deep learning network to better learn crack features and improve detection accuracy. At the same time the limited data of tomb mural presents a challenge to build a deep learning network. To address these issues, this paper introduces a novel dual-attention detection network (DADNet) for crack segmentation of tomb murals. In this work, a customized dataset is first constructed by collecting mural images from the Tang Dynasty tombs. Then the ConvNeXt framework serves as the basis for feature extraction, enhancing the process. Lastly, a dual-attention module utilizing neighborhood attention and biaxial attention is employed to accurately identify the crack regions. Neighborhood attention performs a local self-attention operation around the pixel point, addressing the limitations of self-attention. This approach significantly reduces computational demands as the image size increases. Biaxial attention performs attention calculations in the horizontal and vertical directions. This compensates for the limitation of neighborhood attention in capturing global dependencies. Our DADNet outperformed the competing methods, achieving the highest recorded scores of 78.95% for MIoU and 61.05% for the Jaccard index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiographic landmark annotation determines patients' anatomical parameters and influences diagnoses. However, challenges arise from ambiguous region-based definitions, human error, and image quality variations, potentially compromising patient care. Additionally, AI landmark localization often presents its predictions in a probability-based heatmap format, which lacks a corresponding clinical standard for accuracy validation. This Data Descriptor presents a clinical benchmark dataset for pelvic tilt landmarks, gathered through a probabilistic approach to measure annotation accuracy within clinical environments. A retrospective analysis of 115 pelvic sagittal radiographs was conducted for annotating pelvic tilt parameters by five annotators, revealing landmark cloud sizes of 6.04 mm-17.90 mm at a 95% dataset threshold, corresponding to 9.51°–16.55° maximum angular disagreement in clinical settings. The outcome provides a quantified point cloud dataset for each landmark corresponding to different probabilities, which enables assessment of directional annotation distribution and parameter-wise impact, providing clinical benchmarks. The data is readily reusable for AI studies analyzing the same landmarks, and the method can be easily replicated for establishing clinical accuracy benchmarks of other landmarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Septic lung injury is strongly associated with polarization of M1 macrophages and excessive cytokine release. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling plays a role in both processes. However, the impact of FGF2 deficiency on macrophage polarization and septic acute lung injury remains unclear. To investigate this, we obtained macrophages from FGF2 knockout mice and examined their polarization and inflammatory cytokine expression. We also eliminated endogenous macrophages using clodronate liposomes and administered FGF2 knockout or WT macrophages intravenously in conjunction with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery to induce sepsis. In vitro analysis by flow cytometry and real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that FGF2 deficiency resulted in increased expression of M1 markers (iNOS and CD86) and inflammatory cytokines (CXCL1, IL1β, and IL6), especially after LPS stimulation. Additionally, immunofluorescence demonstrated increased nuclear translocation of p65 NF-κB in FGF2 knockout macrophages and RNA-seq analysis showed enrichment of differentially expressed genes in the IL17 and TNFα inflammatory signaling pathways. Furthermore, in vivo experiments revealed that depletion of FGF2 in macrophages worsened sepsis-induced lung inflammation, lung vascular leak, and lung histological injury, accompanied by an increase in CD86-positive cells and apoptosis. Our study suggests that FGF2 deficiency in macrophages plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of septic ALI, possibly because of the enhanced M1 macrophage polarization and production of proinflammatory cytokines. These findings provide empirical evidence for potential therapeutic interventions targeting FGF2 signaling to modulate the polarization of M1 and M2 macrophages in the management of sepsis-induced acute lung injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preserving the structural integrity of critical infrastructure systems necessitates a heightened focus on fortifying the protection of underground pipelines. To this end, this paper presents an innovative approach, namely the Multi-Sample Joint Localization Method (MSJLM) utilizing Cross-Correlation Convolutional Neural Networks (CC-CNN), aimed at precisely localizing intrusion sources in the vicinity of underground pipelines. Traditional techniques for detecting and pinpointing pipeline intrusions primarily rely on a single sensor monitoring point, which is susceptible to inherent errors and constraints. In contrast, the MSJLM proposed in this study leverages data from multiple samples, integrating diverse data sources through correlation analyses to elevate precision and reliability. The utilization of the CC-CNN framework for processing aggregated data has proven highly successful in extracting spatial features and identifying patterns. Furthermore, the effectiveness of this method is corroborated through validation via a pile-driving model test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The friction and initial setting position of preform have an important influence on the metal flow and cavity filling during die forging process of large-scale component, especially for closed-die forging with flash of large-scale titanium alloy strut. This paper studies the influence of processing parameters on the die forging process of large-scale strut by targeting the filling difference (f) between right and left cavities, and some relational models such as relationship between friction and preform position were established. The results indicated that the friction amplitude (m) and initial setting position (x) of preform have notable influence on the filling states of right and left cavities, but the loading speed (v) of upper die and initial temperature ( T d ) of dies have little influence on the filling state; with the initial position of preform moving to right cavity (head of strut), the fluence of m on f reduces, but the fluence of x increases; the established relationship between m and x can obtain the feasible region with an optimal point for initial setting position of preform, and the feasible region with a linear range for the initial setting position of preform can be obtained by considering the expected accuracy of filling difference f, and then the feasible region with an areal range for the initial setting position of preform can be obtained by considering the fluctuation of frictional condition in further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the KOH-modified Fe-ZIF-derived carbon materials (Fe@NC-KOH-x) were designed for Fenton-like systems to enhance bisphenol A (BPA) removal from wastewater. Compared with the Fe@NC without KOH activation, the pore structure, BET (Brunner-Emmet-Teller) surface area, and oxygen-containing functional group of KOH-activated Fe@NC-KOH-x are dramatically improved, which increases the adsorption and catalytic performance. The Fe@NC-KOH-900/PMS system showed significant BPA removal reactivity across wide pH ranges and low doses of Fe@NC-KOH-900. Interestingly, our findings indicated that the removal effectiveness of BPA improved when PMS was introduced following the saturation adsorption of Fe@NC-KOH-x, as compared to the simultaneous introduction of Fe@NC-KOH-x and PMS. More particularly, through regression analysis, we found that the proportion of reactive species in the Fe@NC-KOH-x/PMS system changes with the increase of pyrolysis temperature, and there was a certain relationship between structure–function and active species in the Fe@NC-KOH-x/PMS system. O-C = O, Fe-N4, C-O, and pyrrolic N in Fe@NC-KOH-x lead to the generation of •OH, and SO4−•, C = O, Fe-N4, and defect are closely related to FeIV = O, and the formation of 1O2 is affected by Fe-N4, graphite N, C = O, and defect. Also, the density functional theory (DFT) calculation and the potential correlation between catalyst active centers and reactive oxygen species indicate that Fe-N4 is the main active site of Fe@NC-KOH-x. These outcomes of the study offer an innovation for enhanced elimination of BPA in wastewater treatment and provide a dynamic understanding of the mechanism of BPA degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting progressive discourse and sustained inquiry is a focus area of knowledge building research. Although different approaches for scaffolding productive discourse have been documented, the experimental investigation into the impact of teacher scaffolding on students' knowledge building processes and outcomes in technology-supported environments is limited. Therefore, we designed a quasi-experimental study to examine the impact of teacher scaffolding on students' interaction patterns, social-epistemic networks, and academic performance. Over a 14-week course, data were collected from undergraduates' online interactions, discourse in the Knowledge Forum, and their group artifacts. We employed lag sequence analysis, social epistemic network signature, and the Kruskal-Wallis test to analyze the data and compare the differences between the control and experimental groups. Findings demonstrate that teacher scaffolding can effectively enhance students' reflective behaviors, foster social and epistemic engagement, and improve academic performance within technology-supported knowledge building environments. This study provides valuable insights into the design and implementation of teacher scaffolding to facilitate student knowledge building processes and outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How the lung achieves immune homeostasis after a pulmonary infection is not fully understood. Here, we analyzed the spatiotemporal changes in the lungs over a 2-week natural recovery from severe pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We find that SARS-CoV-2 infects multiple cell types and causes massive cell death at the early stage, including alveolar macrophages. We identify a group of monocyte-derived Slamf9+ macrophages, which are induced after SARS-CoV-2 infection and resistant to impairment caused by SARS-CoV-2. Slamf9+ macrophages contain SARS-CoV-2, recruit and interact with Isg12+Cst7+ neutrophils to clear the viruses. After viral clearance, Slamf9+ macrophages differentiate into Trem2+ and Fbp1+ macrophages, contributing to inflammation resolution at the late stage, and finally replenish alveolar macrophages. These findings are validated in a SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 mouse model and confirmed with publicly available human autopsy single-cell RNA-seq data, demonstrating the potential role of Slamf9+ macrophages and their coordination with neutrophils in post-injury tissue repair and inflammation resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How immune cells are spatiotemporally coordinated in the lung to effectively monitor, respond to, and resolve infection and inflammation in primed form needs to be fully illustrated. Here we apply immunocartography, a high-resolution technique that integrates spatial and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) through deconvolution and co-localization analyses, to the SARS-CoV-2-infected Syrian hamster model. We generate a comprehensive transcriptome map of the whole process of pulmonary infection from physiological condition, infection initiation, severe pneumonia to natural recovery at organ scale and single-cell resolution, with 142,965 cells and 45 lung lobes from 25 hamsters at 5 time points. Integrative analysis identifies that alveolar dendritic cell–T cell immunity hubs, where Ccr7+Ido1+ dendritic cells, Cd160+Cd8+ T cells, and Tnfrsf4+Cd4+ T cells physiologically co-localize, rapidly expand during SARS-CoV-2 infection, eliminate SARS-CoV-2 with the aid of Slamf9+ macrophages, and then restore to physiological levels after viral clearance. We verify the presence of these cell subpopulations in the immunity hubs in normal and SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 mouse models, as well as in publicly available human scRNA-seq datasets, demonstrating the potential broad relevance of our findings in lung immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PROTAC® (proteolysis-targeting chimera) molecules induce proximity between an E3 ligase and protein-of-interest (POI) to target the POI for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Cooperative E3-PROTAC-POI complexes have potential to achieve neo-substrate selectivity beyond that established by POI binding to the ligand alone. Here, we extend the collection of ubiquitin ligases employable for cooperative ternary complex formation to include the C-degron E3 KLHDC2. Ligands were identified that engage the C-degron binding site in KLHDC2, subjected to structure-based improvement, and linked to JQ1 for BET-family neo-substrate recruitment. Consideration of the exit vector emanating from the ligand engaged in KLHDC2's U-shaped degron-binding pocket enabled generation of SJ46421, which drives formation of a remarkably cooperative, paralog-selective ternary complex with BRD3BD2. Meanwhile, screening pro-drug variants enabled surmounting cell permeability limitations imposed by acidic moieties resembling the KLHDC2-binding C-degron. Selectivity for BRD3 compared to other BET-family members is further manifested in ubiquitylation in vitro, and prodrug version SJ46420-mediated degradation in cells. Selectivity is also achieved for the ubiquitin ligase, overcoming E3 auto-inhibition to engage KLHDC2, but not the related KLHDC1, KLHDC3, or KLHDC10 E3s. In sum, our study establishes neo-substrate-specific targeted protein degradation via KLHDC2, and provides a framework for developing selective PROTAC protein degraders employing C-degron E3 ligases. KLHDC2 is a promising E3 ligase for targeted protein degradation (TPD). In this study, the authors demonstrate that heterobifunctional degraders induce cooperative ternary complexes with KLHDC2 and BRD3. They highlight exit vector, neo-substrate, E3 ligase selectivity, and prodrug choice can effectively leverage C-degron E3s for TPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro-expression is a special kind of human emotion. Due to its characteristics of short time, low intensity, and local region, micro-expression recognition is a difficult task. At the same time, it is a natural, spontaneous, and unconcealable emotion that can well convey a person's actual psychological state and, therefore, has certain research value and practical significance. This paper focuses on micro-expression recognition in the field of deep learning through the survey and understanding of existing micro-expression recognition research, as well as grasping the research trend, for the previous literature on micro-expression review ignored the handcrafted features as an important part of the micro-expression recognition framework, and at the same time lacked the analysis of the various enhancement processing, a new micro-expression recognition framework based on deep learning is proposed. The model is designed from the perspective of modularity and streaming data. On the other hand, unlike the previous process of feeding the data directly into the network for training and recognition, the handcrafted features are used as the initial encoding of the micro-expression recognition data, followed by the training and learning of the deep model and at the same time the modular embedding approach is used to incorporate the feature enhancement module, and finally the classification and recognition. The article provides a detailed summary and analysis of each part of the whole framework and a comprehensive introduction to the current problems, experimental protocols, evaluation metrics, and application areas. Finally, it summarizes and gives possible future research directions. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of micro-expression recognition in deep learning so that the related personnel can have a new understanding of the development of this field. On the other hand, it proposes a new recognition framework that also provides a reference for the researchers' later research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TiO2/SiO2 composite aerogel was prepared by sol–gel method with atmospheric pressure drying. However, the aerogel suffered from poor structural strength, and in most cases, they lost their shape under thermal stress. Herein, a novel strategy that improved the structure chunkiness and photocatalytic activity of aerogel was proposed. The formation process of sepiolite fiber-reinforced TiO2/SiO2 composite aerogel explored effect of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a "template" on the physicochemical properties of aerogel and the toughened mechanism of sepiolite fiber in gel network. The synergistic effect of CTAB, sepiolite fiber and TiO2/SiO2 composite aerogel is conducive to optimizing the structure of aerogel and improving the photocatalytic degradation efficiency. The results showed that sepiolite fiber-reinforced TiO2/SiO2 composite aerogel not only had good chunk formation, but also enhanced the photocatalytic activity of rhodamine B (Rh B) solution by three times under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bilingualism has a profound impact on the structure and function of the brain, but it is not yet well understood how this experience influences brain functional organization. We examine a large sample (151 participants) of monolinguals and bilinguals with varied age of second language acquisition, who underwent resting-state functional magnetic brain imaging. Whole-brain network analyses reveal higher global efficiency in bilingual individuals than monolinguals, indicating enhanced functional integration in the bilingual brain. Moreover, the age at which the second language was acquired correlated with this increased efficiency, suggesting that earlier exposure to a second language has lasting positive effects on brain functional organization. Further investigation using the network-based statistics approach indicates that this effect is primarily driven by heightened functional connectivity between association networks and the cerebellum. These findings show that the timing of bilingual learning experience alters the brain functional organization at both global and local levels.Early bilinguals showed greater brain network efficiency, driven by increased inter-hemispheric cortico-cerebellar functional connectivity, compared to monolinguals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is one of the most common tumours of the female reproductive system. CCAAT enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA) is a member of the transcription factor family involved in regulating processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, and the immune response. However, the role of CEBPA in UCEC has not been clarified. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis to explore the expression level, prognostic value, immune infiltration and biological function of CEBPA in UCEC. In this study, we found that CEBPA expression was upregulated and associated with poor prognosis in UCEC patients. KEGG and GO analyses revealed that the genes positively correlated with CEBPA were enriched primarily in immune regulation and oxidative phosphorylation. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that CEBPA is strongly correlated with immune cell infiltration in UCEC. RT-qPCR indicated that CEBPA may regulate the OXPHOS level in Ishikawa cells. CCK-8, cell cycle, Transwell and scratch wound healing assays revealed that CEBPA promoted Ishikawa cell proliferation, invasion and migration. In addition, PPI and survival analyses suggested that CEBPG may be a potential target of CEBPA in UCEC. These results demonstrated that CEBPA may be a potential therapeutic target in UCEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 with an additional L455S mutation on spike when compared with its parental variant BA.2.86 has outcompeted all earlier variants to become the dominant circulating variant. Recent studies investigated the immune resistance of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 but additional factors are speculated to contribute to its global dominance, which remain elusive until today. Here, we find that SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 has a higher infectivity than BA.2.86 in differentiated primary human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs). Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the gained infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 over BA.2.86 associates with increased entry efficiency conferred by L455S and better spike cleavage in hNECs. Structurally, S455 altered the mode of binding of JN.1 spike protein to ACE2 when compared to BA.2.86 spike at ACE2H34, and modified the internal structure of JN.1 spike protein by increasing the number of hydrogen bonds with neighboring residues. These findings indicate that a single mutation (L455S) enhances virus entry in hNECs and increases immune evasiveness, which contribute to the robust transmissibility of SARS-CoV-2 JN.1. We further evaluate the in vitro and in vivo virological characteristics between SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86/JN.1 and EG.5.1/HK.3, and identify key lineage-specific features of the two Omicron sublineages that contribute to our understanding on Omicron antigenicity, transmissibility, and pathogenicity. Here, the authors show that a single mutation in JN.1 spike, L455S, confers better spike cleavage and enhances virus infectivity in differentiated primary human nasal epithelial cells while increasing immune evasiveness, contributing to the efficient spread of JN.1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation of the shear fracture mechanism under cyclic loading holds significant implications for controlling instability in the surrounding rock of roadways. Both uniaxial constant amplitude and stepwise linear loading and unloading tests were carried out to reveal the fatigue damage and shear fracture mechanisms of the coal–rock mass under cyclic stress disturbance. The rock samples for the tests were taken from the lane side of the coal mine's haulage trough, and the evolution of microcrack extension and shear damage were analyzed from the perspective of deformation modulus and energy evolution using the CT scanning technique and excavating the hidden stress–strain information. The results indicate that the microcracks undergo intermittent expansion under constant amplitude cyclic loading and unloading, while they exhibit progressive expansion under stepwise linear cyclic loading and unloading. In both cases, the cumulative damage caused to the rock samples is irreversible. The test discovered a rarely reported phenomenon of shear fracture oscillation, showing a process of "hysteresis–reciprocation–hysteresis–reciprocation," and the corresponding fracture zone formed by shear fracture exhibited a pronounced domino structure. The results also show that the shear oscillation phenomenon is a unique stress–strain state of domino structural evolution. During the failure process of the rock sample, the trends of deformation modulus, energy, stress–strain rate, and rebound strain rate show a high spatial and temporal correlation and spatial synergy. The process of shear fracture oscillation can be subdivided into six stages: initial crack micro-extension, initial crack extension, main shear fracture extension, metastable fracture extension, rapid fracture extension, and accelerated failure. The rotation–gyration motion of the domino structure can slowly release and dissipate excessive energy, providing a potential coping strategy for optimizing the supporting system and controlling the stability of surrounding rock in coal mines by fully utilizing the structure. Highlights: A shear oscillation phenomenon has been discovered in which the typical stress–strain curve evolves in a twice hysteresis–reciprocal shape during the failure stage in stepwise linear cyclic loading and unloading test. This shear oscillation phenomenon is closely related to the motion of rotational–gyration of the unique domino structure in the shear fracture zone. The rotational–gyration motion of the domino structure slowly releases the overload energy, temporarily preserving the integrity of the rock sample and significantly prolonging the duration of the damage. The unloading condition is the main stress environment that generates and triggers the process of shear fracture oscillation, which is closely related to actual underground engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quorum sensing (QS) can regulate the production of multiple functional factors in bacteria, but the process of identifying its regulatory targets is very complex and labor-intensive. In this study, an efficient and rapid method to find QS targets through prediction was used. The genome of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) L3 was sequenced and characterized, and then linked the L. plantarum L3 genome to the STRING database for QS system regulatory target prediction. A total of 3,167,484 base pairs (bps) were examined from the genome of L. plantarum L3, and 30 QS-related genes were discovered (including luxS). The STRING database prediction indicated that the 30 QS-related genes are mainly involved in the regulation of nine metabolic pathways. Furthermore, metE, metK, aroB, cysE, and birA1 were predicted to be regulatory targets of the LuxS/AI-2 QS system, and these five targets were validated based on quantitative real-time PCR and content determination. Successful elucidation of the LuxS/AI-2 QS system's key targets and regulation mechanism in L. plantarum L3 demonstrated the effectiveness of the new approach for predicting QS targets and provides a scientific basis for future work on improving regulation of functional factor production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intracoronary continuous thermodilution has been recently proposed as an invasive method to quantify absolute coronary flow (Qabs) and resistance (Rabs) in vivo. The aim of the present study is to develop and validate of a novel pressure-wire- and microcatheter-free surrogate of coronary flow and resistance derived from a standard coronary angiogram. Angiography derived coronary flow (Qangio) and resistance (Rangio) was prospectively validated in a two-center cohort of patients from Oxford Heart Centre and the Essex Cardiothoracic Centre. Qabs and Rabs were measured during resting and hyperemic conditions with continuous thermodilution using the Rayflow microcatheter. Qangio and Rangio were computed from the diagnostic coronary angiogram in a blinded fashion in resting and hyperemic conditions. A total of 62 patients and 115 vessels were included in the present analysis. The median Qabs at rest was 75 ml/min (53–95) and 151 ml/min (105–203) during hyperemia; Qangio at rest was 84 ml/min (66–108) and 154 ml/min (115–195) during hyperemia. There was a strong correlation between Qabs and Qangio (R = 0,72; p < 0.001, R = 0,86; p < 0.001 respectively) with satisfactory interclass correlation (0.841, 95% CI 0.509–0.957; p = 0.0003). The median Rabs was 1111 mmHg/(L/min) (830-1581.4) at rest and 454 mmHg/(L/min) (348–610) during hyperemia; angiographic resistance (Rangio) was 937.4 mmHg/(L/min) (695.4–1261.9) at rest and 492.4 mmHg/(L/min) (406–697) during hyperemia. There was a strong correlation between Rabs and Rangio in both conditions (R = 0,81; p < 0.001 and R = 0,78; p < 0.001 respectively). The was a good correlation between absolute coronary flow reserve (CFR) and angiography-derived CFR (R = 0,61; p < 0.001) and between absolute microvascular resistance reserve (MRR) and angiography-derived MRR (R = 0,49; p < 0.001). We developed and validated a novel non-invasive, fully angiographic, pressure-wire- and microcatheter-free method to quantify coronary flow and resistance in resting and hyperemic conditions. Angiography-derived coronary flow and resistance was prospectively validated in a two-center cohort of 62 patients and 115 vessels against absolute coronary flow and resistance measured with Rayflow microcatheter. We found a strong correlation between angiography-derived flow and resistance and absolute coronary flow and resistance, with satisfactory interclass correlation. There was a good correlation between absolute coronary flow reserve (CFR) and angiography-derived CFR and between absolute microvascular resistance reserve (MRR) and angiography-derived MRR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]