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The global immigrant population has accelerated the need and opportunity to understand this new potential travel market. Despite a growing body of research on travel stress, attention to experiences in immigrant communities and cultural factors is scarce. Using Berry's (Applied Psychology, 46, 5-34, 1997) bidimensional acculturation model, this study examined associations between acculturation strategies and leisure travel stress among Korean immigrants (n = 294)—one of the fastest-growing major ethnic groups in the USA. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) results revealed that immigrants experienced stress across the travel stages and most often used an integration acculturation strategy. Although the overall level of stress was generally low among participants, significant acculturation differences in stress assessments were observed by travel stages and within specific stressors. In general, immigrants using either an integration or assimilation strategy reported lower stress levels than those using separation or marginalization. Implications for more effective visitor experience management and suggestions for future research with immigrant leisure travelers are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Galaxy shapes are not randomly oriented, rather they are statistically aligned in a way that can depend on formation environment, history and galaxy type. Studying the alignment of galaxies can therefore deliver important information about the physics of galaxy formation and evolution as well as the growth of structure in the Universe. In this review paper we summarise key measurements of galaxy alignments, divided by galaxy type, scale and environment. We also cover the statistics and formalism necessary to understand the observations in the literature. With the emergence of weak gravitational lensing as a precision probe of cosmology, galaxy alignments have taken on an added importance because they can mimic cosmic shear, the effect of gravitational lensing by large-scale structure on observed galaxy shapes. This makes galaxy alignments, commonly referred to as intrinsic alignments, an important systematic effect in weak lensing studies. We quantify the impact of intrinsic alignments on cosmic shear surveys and finish by reviewing practical mitigation techniques which attempt to remove contamination by intrinsic alignments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]