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This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary metformin supplementation on the redox balance, inflammation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and function in blunt snout bream fed a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet. Fish (45.12 ± 0.36 g) were randomly offered four diets, including a control diet (33% carbohydrate), an HC diet (45% carbohydrate), and the HC diet supplemented with 0.06% (HCM1) and 0.12% (HCM2) metformin respectively for 12 weeks. Compared with the control, feeding the HC diet significantly increased the hepatosomatic index (HSI), the mesenteric fat index, liver and muscle glycogen contents, liver and adipose tissue lipid contents, plasma glucose and glycation end products (AGES) levels and aspartate transaminase activity, plasma and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) contents, mitochondrial cytochrome c content, mitochondrial complex IV activity and ATP 6 transcription, but decreased plasma catalase (CAT) activity, muscle superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities, and the transcriptions of transforming growth factor β (tgfβ) and interleukin 10 (il10). Compared with the HC group, metformin treatment (especially the HCM2 group) significantly elevated tissue glycogen contents, muscle SOD activity, plasma and liver antioxidant enzymes activities, the transcriptions of tgfβ and il10, the sodium/potassium ATPase activity, the contents of mitochondrial protein and AMP, the level of p-AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the p-AMPK/t-AMPK ratio, but lowered the HSI, tissue lipid contents, plasma levels of glucose, AGES and glycated serum protein, plasma, and liver MDA contents, the transcriptions of il1β, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 and ATP 6, the contents of ATP and cytochrome c, the ATP/AMP ratio, and the activities of complexes I and IV. In conclusion, metformin could attenuate the HC diet-induced redox imbalance, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in blunt snout bream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of audiology, achieving accurate discrimination of auditory impairments remains a formidable challenge. Conditions such as deafness and tinnitus exert a substantial impact on patients' overall quality of life, emphasizing the urgent need for precise and efficient classification methods. This study introduces an innovative approach, utilizing Multi-View Brain Network data acquired from three distinct cohorts: 51 deaf patients, 54 with tinnitus, and 42 normal controls. Electroencephalogram (EEG) recording data were meticulously collected, focusing on 70 electrodes attached to an end-to-end key with 10 regions of interest (ROI). This data is synergistically integrated with machine learning algorithms. To tackle the inherently high-dimensional nature of brain connectivity data, principal component analysis (PCA) is employed for feature reduction, enhancing interpretability. The proposed approach undergoes evaluation using ensemble learning techniques, including Random Forest, Extra Trees, Gradient Boosting, and CatBoost. The performance of the proposed models is scrutinized across a comprehensive set of metrics, encompassing cross-validation accuracy (CVA), precision, recall, F1-score, Kappa, and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). The proposed models demonstrate statistical significance and effectively diagnose auditory disorders, contributing to early detection and personalized treatment, thereby enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. Notably, they exhibit reliability and robustness, characterized by high Kappa and MCC values. This research represents a significant advancement in the intersection of audiology, neuroimaging, and machine learning, with transformative implications for clinical practice and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary organ for absorbing dietary fat is the gut. High dietary lipid intake negatively affects health and absorption by causing fat deposition in the intestine. This research explores the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on intestinal microbiota and its connections with endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation. 60 fish (average weight: 45.84 ± 0.07 g) were randomly fed a control diet (6% fat) and a high-fat diet (12 % fat) in four replicates for 12 weeks. From the result, hepatosomatic index (HSI), Visceralsomatic index (VSI), abdominal fat (ADF), Intestosomatic index (ISI), mesenteric fat (MFI), Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) content were substantially greater on HFD compared to the control diet. Moreover, fish provided the HFD significantly obtained lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities. In contrast, an opposite result was seen in malondialdehyde (MDA) content in comparison to the control. HFD significantly altered intestinal microbiota in blunt snout bream, characterized by an increased abundance of Aeromonas, Plesiomonas proteobacteria, and firmicutes with a reduced abundance of Cetobacterium and ZOR0006. The transcriptional levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (grp78), inositol requiring enzyme 1 (ire1), spliced X box-binding protein 1 (xbp1), DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member B9 (dnajb9), tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-α), nuclear factor-kappa B (nf-κb), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1), and interleukin-6 (il-6) in the intestine were markedly upregulated in fish fed HFD than the control group. Also, the outcome was similar in bax, caspases-3, and caspases-9, ZO-1, Occludin-1, and Occludin-2 expressions. In conclusion, HFD could alter microbiota and facilitate chronic inflammatory signals via activating endoplasmic reticulum stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tensor analyzing-power components T 20 , T 21 , and T 22 for the reaction γ d → n p π 0 have been studied for the first time in the photon energy range from 280 to 500 MeV. The data are extracted from the experimental statistics accumulated at the VEPP-3 storage ring in 2002–2003. The measured asymmetries are compared with the results of statistical simulations performed with the γ d → n p π 0 amplitude from a spectator model, taking into account corrections for the final-state interaction. The comparison demonstrates quite good agreement between the experimental results and the theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Epidemiological studies reveal the fact that the risk for the development of chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases can be reduced by consuming sufficient quantity of fruits and vegetables in the diet. Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds that are present in fruits and vegetables, which prevent the cells from damage and help in disease prevention. In the present study, seasonal vegetable zucchini ("green" and "yellow") were taken into consideration because of their high medicinal and nutritional value. To evaluate their suitability for use different assays were carried out such as DPPH scavenging assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay and total antioxidant activity assay were performed for the determination of antioxidant activity. Anti-inflammatory capacity was assayed by nitric oxide scavenging assay. Green zucchini exhibits greater scavenging activity of 38% in DPPH assay, 36% in hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and TAC of 142.55 mg Ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g, whereas yellow zucchini exhibits scavenging activity of 36% in hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and higher absorbance of 42 in FRAP, 73% scavenging for Nitric oxide radical scavenging assay and TAC of 162.55 mg Ascorbic acid equivalent/100 g. Antibacterial activity was determined against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). Anti-fungal activity was determined against the fungus Aspergillus niger. Both Green and yellow zucchini exhibit good antibacterial and anti-fungal activity with the zone of inhibition ranges from 15 to 20 mm. Yellow Zuchini extract was found to be toxic to human lung cancer cells at lower concentrations. Thus, bio-components present in zucchini are capable of playing positive role in human health and are safe as evident from their antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amalgamation of nanoparticles using "Green Technology" is an intensive field of research due to the increase in the need for the development of new antimicrobial materials. This method is meritorious both in environmental and economic aspects. In the present study, synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) was done using the aqueous extract of Laurus nobilis (bay leaf). The characterization was done using UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size, and zeta potential analyses. Successful production of nanoparticles was confirmed by the presence of spherical-shaped TiO2 NPs with the size of ~ 100 nm. The nanoparticles were tested against pathogens to determine their antibacterial and antifungal activities. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities with various concentrations for the generated TiO2 NPs were investigated and the results showed that the synthesised nanoparticles manifested a good inhibitory activity against both the tested bacteria and the fungal strain. Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus niger showed better zone of inhibition against nanoparticle. The observation is that the inhibition zone increases proportionately with the increased nanoparticles concentration. The as-prepared nanoparticles were also subjected to free radical scavenging ability using DPPH and hydrogen peroxide assays. TiO2 NPs revealed a strong antioxidant activity when compared with ascorbic acid standard. Current study concludes that the concocted TiO2 NPs, using L. nobilis bay leaf, can be scaled up for large-scale industrial production, which would be eco-friendly, economic with a high productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work described the structural, morphological, temperature-dependent relative permittivity, and magnetic behavior of nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles prepared via a facile co-precipitation method. A computational analysis, density functional theory (DFT) calculation was carried out to understand the band structure and density of the state of NiFe2O4. The crystallinity and phase purity was analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, which confirms the polycrystalline nature of the cubic spinel structure of NiFe2O4 belonging to the Fd3m space group. The calculated crystallite size is about 22 nm. Field emission scanning electron micrograph confirms the agglomerated flake-like grains. All the phonon modes (A1g, Eg and T2g) confirm the inverse spinel cubic structure of NiFe2O4. The dielectric study shows that the relative permittivity is varied between 1.2 × 102 and 1.6 × 103 as a function of different temperature. The obtained semicircle arc from the Cole–Cole plot confirms the grain and grain boundaries contribution in the conduction process. The exploration of the magnetic hysteresis loop measured in the temperature between 5 and 300 K over the field strength of ± 2 T, revealed a ferromagnetic behavior. Temperature-dependent magnetization and coercivity were studied using modified Bloch's law and Kneller's law, respectively. The increasing magnetic parameters at low temperature may be due to increasing the surface-spin moment in the finite-size nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has a wide range of outcomes depending on host immune responses mainly Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling and released cytokines. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) may influence the course of CHB. We aimed to elucidate the relation between TLR-2 polymorphism, IL-6 profile, and CHB progression. We analyzed TLR-2 polymorphism (SNP; rs3804099) in 185 CHB patients and 60 controls using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Serum IL-6 levels were assessed by ELISA. IL-6 levels were considerably higher in active CHB and cirrhotic patients compared with inactive carriers and controls (P < 0.001). IL-6 showed positive correlation with ALT and advanced fibrosis in active CHB patients (r = 0.31, P = 0.02). A significant positive correlation was noticed between IL-6 and HBV DNA PCR in all CHB groups. TT genotype of rs3804099/TLR-2 was significantly more prevalent in inactive carriers compared to active hepatitis patients (P = 0.04, OR = 0.39 and 95% CI: 0.16–0.95). Both heterozygous CT and mutant TT genotypes were significantly more frequent among inactive carriers compared to cirrhotic patients (P = 0.01, OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.13–0.81 and P = 0.009, OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.13–0.77). TT genotype was significantly related to lower IL-6 levels in active hepatitis and cirrhotic groups (P = 0.005 and P = 0.001, respectively) showing that TLR mutations would be associated with milder hepatitis activity and lower possibility for disease progression. There may be a positive association between TLR2 rs3804099 polymorphism and hepatitis B activity. IL-6 is a good indicator of CHB disease progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel quinazoline compounds have been designed and synthesized aiming to discover new anticancer agents. Additional study was carried out on the most powerful derivatives, (Xb). A cell cycle research indicated that (Xb) mostly stops the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. The Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay revealed that (Xb) increased apoptosis when compared with the control. It also demonstrated decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein expression and increased BAX and caspases 3 expression levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nano-sized materials such as bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi2O3NPs) have been extensively used in optical, chemical, electronic, and engineering area In this work poly ethylene oxide /Carboxymethyl Cellulose (PEO/CMC: 50/50%) nanocomposite films were prepare via dispersing Bi2O3 NPs inside via One-Pot Pulsed Laser Ablation route (OPPLA). The physical characterization of the fabricated samples were analysis. XRD confirm the semicrystalline shape of nanocomposites samples. The estimated Bi2O3NPs size as evaluated via XRD was 16 ± 6 nm. The FTIR spectra showed the decreased of the peak intensity with increasing bismuth oxide nanoparticles denotes the intermolecular interactions between Bi2O3NPs and PEO/CMC composite. Optical energy gap (Eg) of PEO/CMC–Bi2O3NPs nanocomposites showed decrease as Bi2O3NPs wt. % increases. TGA analysis of filled sample showed refinement in their thermal stability in air compared to the pure samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current communication is designed by keeping in the mind high heat transfer capabilities of nanoliquids with the dispersion of diversified-natured nanoparticles in poorly conducting base liquids. Here, an amalgamation of metallic (Cu) and hybridization of metallic and non-metallic oxide (Cu-TiO2) nanoparticles to uplift thermophysical attributes of water is deliberated. The magnetically affected flow between rotating disks under the impact and permeability aspect is assumed. Empirical relations for effective dynamic viscosity, density, and heat capacitance to show mesmerizing features of obliged nanoparticles are also expressed. In addition, mathematical relations also depend on morphological factors like shape, size, and diameter of inducted nanoparticles. The mathematical formulation of the problem is conceded in the form of a system of ODEs after using similarity transformation on dimensional PDEs. Simulations of the complex coupled differential structure are solved by using a numerical approach by employing shooting and Runge–Kutta procedures jointly. The impact of flow concerning variables on associated distributions is revealed through tabular and graphical manner. Quantities of engineering interest associated with work like wall friction and thermal flux coefficients at walls of the disk are also calculated. It is deduced from an examination that the addition of metallic particles raises heat transfer more than non-metallic particles. A significant impression of magnetic field on shear stress is executed by hybrid nanoparticles along the surface of disks. In addition, elevation in Nusselt number and depreciation in skin friction coefficient is revealed against increasing magnitude of nanoparticle volume fraction. A positive trend in skin friction coefficient is manifested against the increasing magnitude of Reynold number. It is also observed that by increasing the size and shape of hybrid nanoparticles thermal conductivity and viscosity of the base fluid increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MHD Natural convection, which is one of the principal types of convective heat transfer in numerous research of heat exchangers and geothermal energy systems, as well as nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids. This work focuses on the investigation of Natural convective heat transfer evaluation inside a porous triangular cavity filled with silver-magnesium oxide/water hybrid nanofluid [H2O/Ag-MgO]hnf under a consistent magnetic field. The laminar and incompressible nanofluid flow is taken to account while Darcy–Forchheimer model takes account of the advection inertia effect in the porous sheet. Controlled equations of the work have been approached nondimensional and resolved by Galerkin finite element technique. The numerical analyses were carried out by varying the Darcy, Hartmann, and Rayleigh numbers, porosity, and characteristics of solid volume fraction and flow fields. Further, the findings are reported in streamlines, isotherms and Nusselt numbers. For this work, the parametric impact may be categorized into two groups. One of them has an effect on the structural factors such as triangular form and scale on the physical characteristics of the important outputs such as fluidity and thermal transfer rates. The significant findings are the parameters like Rayleigh and slightly supported by Hartmann along with Darcy number, minimally assists by solid-particle size and rotating factor as clockwise assists the cooler flow at the center and anticlockwise direction assists the warmer flow. Clear raise in heat transporting rate can be obtained for increasing solid-particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel quinazoline derivatives have been designed, synthesized and tested for cytotoxic activity against HCT116, and MCF-7 cell lines. The preliminary data indicate their promising antitumor potential. Enzyme inhibitory activity of the most active product against VEGFR-2 has been assessed. Apoptosis and cell cycle arrest during the G2/M phase has been triggered by the product, and according to the gene expression data, it increases BAX and caspase-3 expression while decreasing Bcl-2 expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potato consumption forecasting is crucial for several stakeholders in the food market. Due to the market flexibility, the farmers can manipulate the volumes planted for a given type of produce to reduce costs and improve revenue. Consequently, it means that establishing optimal inventories or inventory levels is possible and critical in that sense for the sellers to avoid either inadequate inventory or excessive inventories that may lead to wastage. In addition, governments can predict future food deficits and put measures in place to guarantee that they have a steady supply of food some of the time, especially in regions that involve the use of potatoes. Increased potato-eating anticipation has advantages for the sellers and buyers of the potatoes. The experiments of this study employed various machine learning and deep learning (DL) models that comprise stacked long short-term memory (Stacked LSTM), convolutional neural network (CNN), random forest (RF), support vector regressor (SVR), K-nearest neighbour regressor (KNN), bagging regressor (BR), and dummy regressor (DR). During the study, it was discovered that the Stacked LSTM model had superior performance compared to the other models. The Stacked LSTM model achieved a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.0081, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.0801, a median absolute error (MedAE) of 0.0755, and a coefficient of determination (R2) value of 98.90%. These results demonstrate that our algorithms can reliably forecast global potato consumption until the year 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: In the placebo-controlled, double-blind BOne marrOw transfer to enhance ST-elevation infarct regeneration (BOOST) 2 trial, intracoronary autologous bone marrow cell (BMC) transfer did not improve recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at 6 months in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and moderately reduced LVEF. Regional myocardial perfusion as determined by adenosine stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (S-CMR) may be more sensitive than global LVEF in detecting BMC treatment effects. Here, we sought to evaluate (i) the changes of myocardial perfusion in the infarct area over time (ii) the effects of BMC therapy on infarct perfusion, and (iii) the relation of infarct perfusion to LVEF recovery at 6 months. Methods and results: In 51 patients from BOOST-2 (placebo, n = 10; BMC, n = 41), S-CMR was performed 5.1 ± 2.9 days after PCI (before placebo/BMC treatment) and after 6 months. Infarct perfusion improved from baseline to 6 months in the overall patient cohort as reflected by the semi-quantitative parameters, perfusion defect–infarct size ratio (change from 0.54 ± 0.20 to 0.43 ± 0.22; P = 0.006) and perfusion defect–upslope ratio (0.54 ± 0.23 to 0.68 ± 0.22; P < 0.001), irrespective of randomised treatment. Perfusion defect–upslope ratio at baseline correlated with LVEF recovery (r = 0.62; P < 0.001) after 6 months, with a threshold of 0.54 providing the best sensitivity (79%) and specificity (74%) (area under the curve, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.67–0.92). Conclusion: Infarct perfusion improves from baseline to 6 months and predicts LVEF recovery in STEMI patients undergoing early PCI. Intracoronary BMC therapy did not enhance infarct perfusion in the BOOST-2 trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An 8-week feeding trial was performed to test the effects of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) on growth and some gene expression of hepatic lipid metabolism in channel catfish (initial body weight, 3.5 ± 0.02 g) fed high-fat diets. Fish were fed the control diet, high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mg/kg GA in 15 tanks at a stocking density of 21 fish/tank. Fish fed HFD were significantly lower in body weight gain and specific growth rate but higher in feed intake and feed conversion ratio in comparison to the control. Supplement of GA at 1.2 mg/kg remarkably improved these parameters as compared to the control diet. High levels of cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma were observed in fish fed HFD; the opposite was observed for fish fed HFD supplemented with GA. The transcription of fatty acid synthase (FAS), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP1), liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was upregulated, while that of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha (PPARα), acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) mRNA expression were downregulated in fish fed HFD. The opposite was observed in fish fed HFD supplemented with GA as well as the control group. In conclusion, supplementing the HFD with GA at 1.2 mg/kg could improve the growth performance and lipid metabolism of channel catfish consuming HFD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elastic scattering of 16O+40Ca system at the incident energy 214 MeV has been analyzed within the optical model (OM) potential using the phenomenological Woods-Saxon (WS) and the real optical potentials calculated in two different versions of the folded model based upon the α-α effective interaction and CDM3Y6 effective nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction. The new cluster Fermi three-parameter (3PFC) density distribution has been extracted to calculate the DFC1 potential. The Airy oscillation observed recently in the elastic 16O+40Ca system at Elab = 214 MeV is well reproduced by using the DFC1 potential without renormalization factor. The observed minimum around θ ≈ 46° in the angular distribution with DFC1 approach was shown to be an Airy minimum, probably of the third order (A3), which is in agreement with the previous study. The predicted volume integrals and total reaction cross section are consistent with the previous analyses. This reflects the success of our DFC1 potential to reproduce a nice description of the Airy structure for HI elastic scattering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by the recent measurements from the VEPP-3 electron storage ring, we investigate the tensor target polarization asymmetries T2M (M = 0, 1, 2) in the reaction γd → π0d with a particular interest in the effect of the intermediate ηNN three-body approach. This approach is based on realistic separable representations of the driving two-body interaction in the πN, ηN, and NN subsystems. It is shown that the influence of rescattering effects in the intermediate state on the tensor target spin asymmetries is sizable at extreme backward pion angles. At forward angles, the contribution from the pure impulse approximation is dominated and the spin asymmetries show very little influence of rescattering effects. The sensitivity of results to the elementary pion photoproduction operator and to the NN potential model adopted for the deuteron wave function is investigated, and considerable dependences are found. The predicted spin asymmetries are also compared with available experimental data, and a satisfactory agreement with the recent data from VEPP-3 is obtained at photon energies below 400 MeV. At higher energies, the calculated spin asymmetries slightly underestimate the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the bioaccumulation of Cadmium in vegetable crops such as tomatoes, lettuce and radishes as the result of repeated applications of inorganic phosphate fertilizers in Saudi Arabia. According to the authors, cadmium is considered to be one of the most dangerous heavy metals because of its high mobility and its ability to accumulate in plants in large quantities without any visible signs. Cadmium was measured in vegetables after applications of triple superphosphate by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results indicated that most of the cadmium absorbed accumulates in the roots of lettuce and tomato plants, while in radishes, it is freely translocated to the leaves.

A series of 40 patients operated from 1995 through 1997 is reviewed. The women ranged in age from 18 to 40 and were seen in either a university- or a private-hospital setting. Thirty-eight of the patients underwent reduction mammaplasty, which was performed using an inferior pedicle technique with a straight-line incision; two patients underwent mastopexy only. The reduction procedure depends on the formation of a cap from medial, lateral, and superior flaps. Following resection of breast tissue the cap is joined to a cone—the nipple–areola complex carried on a subcutaneous inferior pedicle. The cone is fixed to the chest wall with simple vertical stitches, minimizing the recurrence of ptosis. This technique is safe and versatile, avoids a submammary scar, and offers an aesthetic and long-lasting result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fifteen hundred and twenty cases of liposuction/liposculpture were performed at Dr. M. Erfan & Bagedo Hospitals and King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah from January 1983 to December 1994. These cases were mostly females. The age group was from 16–65 years. Multiple procedures were performed in 11.68% of these cases. The change in hemoglobin and the hematocrit ratio pre- and post-operatively, and the incidence of complications, were studied. The percentage of surface area operated upon rather than the amount of fat removed was the most important relevant factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights why it is crucial to determine crop production using artificial intelligence for the growth of agriculture. In this paper, an elaborated ResNet-59 model has been developed to estimate potato harvests accurately. The dataset contained a global potato and tomato production data set that began in 1961 and ended in 2021; different deep learning architectures considered were ResNet-59, GoogLeNet, VGG-19, ResNet-50, VGG-16, and MobileNet. Collectively, the outcome of this ResNet-59 model’s improvement led to a general superiority with more minor mean squared errors, which were recorded as 0.0083, and a mean absolute error of 0.0762, a median of absolute errors amounted to 0.0750 along with an R2 value equalling 99.05%. According to these results, precision agriculture is another area where ResNet-59 could be effective, thus promoting the rational distribution of resources, minimizing waste and increasing food security. It is epoch-making to deliberate on the capability of artificial intelligence to emancipate sustainable farming and future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regarding the potato market, pricing fluctuations are a significant factor, and unfortunately, they cause many issues for producers and consumers. It happens to result in food insecurity and economic instability. This study brings in an advanced LSTM-RNN model built to predict potato prices, which might alleviate the mentioned challenges. We gathered a historical potato price database and other economic variables, normalized by the Z-score normalization method to ensure all the data was consistent and credible. The model’s effectiveness was benchmarked against five traditional machine learning models: we used K-nearest neighbor, random forest, support vector regressor, linear regression, and gradient boosting regressor to classify isolated households and determine their socioeconomic status. The empirical data implied that our proposed LSTM-RNN model was more efficient than all comparison models, leading to an R2 value of 0.98. The paper not only substantiates the plausibility of applying deep learning to address the agricultural market prediction issue but also serves as a guideline noting the capabilities of the LSTM-RNN routine in improving the decision-making processes for the farmers participating in the sector. This model supports a sustainable food system and a balanced economy by bringing price stability integral to designing and implementing strategies to address food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]