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In order to reduce the temperature of the battery and improve its thermal safety during use, this paper tentatively designs an oil-immersed battery thermal management system to validate the feasibility of the insulating oil on cooling the discharging battery. Through a series of experiments, the dielectric property of the transformer oil and silicon oil is further confirmed, and their cooling effectiveness is superior to the natural convection. Specifically, the insulating oils not only control the battery temperature below 35 ℃, but also thermally homogenize the battery with temperature differences below 3 ℃ in the discharge rate ranging from 1 to 2 C. Furthermore, both the cooling and homogenization performances demonstrate that the transformer oil is better than silicon oil. This work experimentally demonstrates the performance of silicon oil and transformer oil for cooling the battery, and the feasibility of self-designed oil-immersed battery cooling system is also verified, which can provide effective guidance for the development of higher-efficient direct-contact liquid cooling system in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Overcharge is a common case of battery thermal abuse, which can accelerate the aging of battery and cause the attenuation of battery capacity. In extreme conditions, overcharge can generate a large amount of heat, leading to battery failure and thermal runaway. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to improve the safety during the overcharge process. In this paper, phase change materials (PCMs) are used to mitigate the temperature of overcharged lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which proves that PCMs can effectively reduce the battery surface temperature as well as the probability of thermal runaway. In order to identify the appropriate PCM on the thermal management of overcharged LIBs, PCMs with phase change temperatures (PCTs) of 37°C, 43°C, 58°C are used in the tests. The results show that the PCM-37 exhibits the best performance. In addition, different degrees of overcharge also bring different effects to the battery, while the applications of PCMs can well mitigate the sharp increase in temperature. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of PCMs on improving the thermal safety of overcharging LIBs and further provide guidance on the development of more efficient battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) where the overcharge usually occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structure and catalytic properties of Pd catalyst supported on the outer surface or inner surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been investigated by using various experimental techniques combined with acetylene selective hydrogenation tests. It has been shown that Pd/CNTs-out catalyst exhibits higher ethylene selectivity than Pd/CNTs-in catalyst for acetylene selective hydrogenation. The electron interaction between CNTs support and palladium particles is responsible for higher ethylene selectivity over Pd/CNTs-out catalyst. Graphical Abstract: It is found that Pd/CNTs-out catalyst exhibits higher ethylene selectivity than Pd/CNTs-in catalyst for acetylene selective hydrogenation. The electron interaction between CNTs support and palladium particles is responsible for higher ethylene selectivity over Pd/CNTs-out catalyst.[Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]