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Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to surpass conventional vehicles as a preferred means of transportation due to their improved energy efficiency and diminished ecological footprint. The performance of electric vehicles (EVs) can be negatively impacted if electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) are not properly positioned and connected to the distribution network. The current research introduces a reliability, availability, and operability (RAO-3) methodology that employs a fuzzy classification technique to identify the most efficient dimensions and locations for electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS), distributed generators, and super capacitors in 69 radial bus distribution systems with network reconfiguration. Load flow analysis is a numerical technique employed to construct mathematical representations for the charging loads of electric vehicle (EV) batteries. This is achieved by leveraging the characteristic curves of Li-ion battery charging. The proposed approach of fuzzified RAO-3 aims to enhance the power factor of the substation by incorporating all relevant factors into the distribution network. The fuzzy multiobjective function is utilised to simultaneously optimise the positioning of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS), distributed generators (DGs), and storage capacities (SCs), with or without network reconfiguration. Based on the outcomes of the simulation, the concurrent placement technique enhances performance through the reduction of power loss, enhancement of the voltage profile, and optimisation of electric vehicle (EV) utilisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of electrical vehicles is increasing day by day to favor sustainability and mitigate energy crisis and provide an eco-friendly environment for the society. Transport in rural areas mainly depends on battery operated three wheeled vehicles (BoTV). Such vehicles are most reliable source of conveyance in rural India, especially in rural Bengal, mainly due to their lower road space requirement, easy navigation through narrow roads. Convenience of movement on any type of road with door-to-door transport. However, the charging of the batteries used in a BoTV system is becoming an alarming issue these days. Lead acid batteries are used in BoTV system because of its lower cost, but the main drawback is its longer charging period. To address such issues, the authors have proposed a modified fast charging topology in this paper. A solar powered asymmetrical half bridge rectifier with DC–DC energy recovery cell has been designed to minimize the charging time. Besides that, frequent shut down of electricity is the major problem of rural Bengal which hampers the battery charging as well as reduces the daily income of the BoTV operator. By using PV based fast charging techniques this problem can be solved leading to better sustainability. Zero-voltage switching (ZVS) technique is implemented in asymmetrical half bridge (AHB) to increase the charger power density to enhance the quality of charging. ZVS technology of AHB with energy recovery cell makes the charging method faster. According to the analysis and the results, it has been found that the overall charging time of the battery has been reduced by around 2.5 h per day and the savings of a BoTV operator has increased by at least ₹2350 ($28.23) per month. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar photovoltaic structures are affected by many kinds of loads such as static loads and wind loads. Static loads takes place when physical loads like weight or force put into it but wind loads occurs when severe wind force like hurricanes or typhoons drift around the PV panel. Proper controlling of aerodynamic behavior ensures correct functioning of the solar panel. Due to extreme pressure, delamination of interfaces happens inside the photovoltaic panel. As delamination is caused due to stress, therefore it has becomes an essential task to determine the magnitude of these stress inside the panel. In this study, single solar panel array has been subjected to a wind speed which is varying from 10 to 260 km/h, to look after the pressure effect inside the array. 3D Reynolds- averaged Navier Stokes algorithm with a wobbly solver, using a steady inlet condition has been used to examine the wind pressure through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach by applying the turbulence model called shear stress transport (SST) k–ω model. The simulation has been carried out by fixing the inclination angle of the panel at 25° through ANSYS Fluent software. The maximum stress which has been found here is 4196.4 Pa at 260 km/h wind speed when the maximum structural deformation has also been noticed. The proposed work will be very much helpful to the designers to get an overview of stress, strain and structural deformation characteristics in photovoltaic industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a methodology to investigate the stability of transient current limiter (TCL) in distribution systems. The problem is formulated to justify the performance of 12-pulse and six-pulse converter and make an unstable system to stable condition. The proposed approach explicitly deals with stability as well as minimization of total harmonic distortion. Firstly, the conventional methods of Nichols Chart, Nyquist Plot and Bode Plot used to investigate the stability of the network using TCL. In the next stage, a modified TCL circuit is inserted in the network system to make the system completely stable. A comparative analysis using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is shown to make the system harmonic free using MATLAB simulation. The proposed design is found to be more efficient in making the system stable and harmonic free. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]